PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1 3. The research should be feasible.

Any
problem of extraordinary nature that directly
DEFINITION OF RESEARCH or indirectly affects any profession is a
1. Research follows a step-by-step process of feasible problem to study.
investigation that uses a standardized 4. The research should be empirical. There
approach in answering questions or solving should be supporting pieces of evidence
problems (Polit and Beck, 2004) and accompanying details for every variable
2. Research plays an important role in tertiary used in the study.
education. Though there are many
problems confronted by higher education, 5. The research should be clear. The used of
developments are realized through variables used in the study should be
research. After all, its main purpose is to explained by the researcher.
answer a question or to solve an issue
(Palispis, 2004) RESEARCH PARADIGM
3. Research is a continuous undertaking of The research paradigm is an outline that
making known the unknown (Sanchez, guides the researcher in conceptualizing the
2002) It entails an investigation of new facts research. An effective research must address these
leading to the discovery of new ideas, two important aspects:
methods, or improvements. It is an attempt
to widen one’s outlook in life. It always Research Foundations
proceeds from the known to the unknown.
Thus, the end of research is to arrive at a Research Methodology
new truth.
o RESEARCH FOUNDATIONS
4. Research is an investigation following
- The research foundations refer to the
ordered steps leading to a discovery of new
fundamental components of research
information or concepts (Sanchez, 1999)
such as the research problem,
5. Research is a very careful investigation of
purpose, specific questions to be
something that purports the contribution of
addressed, and the conceptual
additional or new knowledge and wisdom.
framework to be applied.
6. Research is a tested approach of thinking
o RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
and employing validated instruments and
- The research methodology describes
steps in order to obtain a more adequate
how the researcher will answer the
solution to a problem that is otherwise
research questions in a credible
impossible to address under ordinary
manner. Research methods are
means (Crawford, as cited by Alcantara &
employed to address the research
Espina, 1995)
purpose and gain new information and
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH insights to answer the problem. The
methodology of the research includes
1. The research should be systematic. There the review of literature, research
is a system to follow in conducting research approach and design, data collection,
as there is a system for formulating each of methods of analysis and conclusions.
its parts.
OUTLINE OF THE RESEARCH PAPER
2. The research should be objective. Research
involves the objective process of analysing Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Background
phenomena of importance to any profession
a. Introduction, Background of the Study
or to different fields or disciplines
b. Statement of the Problems
(Nieswiadomy, 2005).
c. Scope and Delimitation
 d. Significance of the Study 2. Research is undertaken for the continuous
development and further productivity in any
Chapter 2: Theoretical Framework field. Any system that will be utilized in any
a. Review of Related Literature organization must first be tried to determine
b. Review of Related Studies its value and it must be better than the
c. Conceptual/Theoretical Framework previous system used.
d. Hypothesis of the Study 3. Research helps develop tools for assessing
e. Assumptions of the Study effectiveness of any practice and operations
f. Definition of Terms such as psychological tests, intelligence
quotient tests, and psychological
Chapter 3: Research Methodology assessments, among others.
4. Research provides solutions to problems
a. Research Design concerning almost all issues encountered in
b. Respondents of the Study the different areas of work.
c. Instrument of the Study 5. Research impacts decision making. It is a
d. Validity and Reliability common mistake for people to make
e. Statistical Treatment decisions without solid information to back
them up.
Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis, and
6. Research develops and evaluates
Interpretation of Data
alternative approaches to the educational
a. Presentation of Data aspects of any discipline. This enables the
b. Analysis students to gain broad knowledge and
c. Interpretation specialized skills for safe practice.
d. Discussion 7. Research aims to advance the personal and
professional qualifications of a practitioner.
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions, and
Recommendations GOALS FOR CONDUCTING RESEARCH

a. Summary of Findings Research is a scientific endeavour which

b. Conclusions serves many goals in different fields, educational
c. Recommendation disciplines and even in personal life of the
researcher: Some of the goals for research are as
ROLES OF RESEARCHER follows:
1. As principal investigator 1. To produce evidence-based practice.
2. As member of a research team Every discipline or institution must provide
3. As identifier of researchable problems the best practice for operation based from
4. As evaluator of research findings research studies.
5. As user of research findings
6. As patient or client advocate during study 2. To establish credibility in the profession.
7. As subject/respondent/participant A profession is defined by the body of
knowledge and discipline it employs. In line
IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH with this, research is essential for a
profession in producing new procedures,
1. Research provides a scientific basis for any
programs, and practices.
practice or methodology in any field or
discipline. This is important since an entire 3. To observe accountability for the
system or operation and all the stakeholders profession. Every action conducted by a
of an institution or organization are at stake. professional must have a rationale.
Without scientific basis, someone may be
affected or may suffer.
4. To promote cost-effectiveness through
documentation. The findings of research
must be shared with and utilized by the
individuals, group, and community for whom
the study is intended.