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PIPING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

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ANALYSIS SOLUTIONS
 PIPING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & ANALYSIS SOLUTIONS
 

ADVANCE PIPING STATICS STRESS ANALYSIS

Chapter 1. Introduction of piping Stress

1.1. Role of the stress analyst 1.2. Strength of materials Basic 1.3. Stresses in pipe

1.4. Theories of failure 1.5. Scope of piping stress analysis

1.6. Piping component and connecting Equipment 1.7. Modes of failure

1.7.1. Static Stress Rupture 1.7.2. Fatigue failure 1.7.3. Creep ruptures 1.7.4. Stability failure

1.7.5. Other Type of failure

Chapter 2. Stress Design Specification

2.1. Owner’s Design specification 2.2. Project specification 2.3. Material specification

2.4. Line list 2.5.Standard Support details 2.6.Mechanical drawings

2.7. Critical Line List & P&ID Mark-up

Chapter 3. Code Stress Requirement

3.1. Primary & secondary stresses 3.2. Differences between primary & secondary loads

3.3. Code Equations 3.3.1. ASME B31.1 Power piping 3.3.2. ASME B31.3 Process Piping

3.4. Comparison between B31.1 & B31.3 3.5. Basic allowable stress

Chapter 4. Thermal expansion & piping Flexibility

4.1. Thermal expansion forces & stresses 4.2. Material Properties & Thermal expansion

4.3. Method of providing flexibility 4.4. Estimating Leg Length Required

4.4.1. Guided Cantilever Method 4.4.2. Kellogg’s Method 4.4.3. Nomo graph

4.5. Inherent Flexibility as per code 4.6. Significant effects of wall thickness for Thermal

Expansion stresses 4.7. Self -Limiting stress 4.8. Stress Intensification factor & Flexibility

Factors 4.8.1. Ovalization of Curved Pipes 4.8.2. Code SIF’s

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4.8.3. In-Plan & out –Plane bend 4.8.4. Significant effects of In-Plan & out –Plane bending

SIF 4.9. Allowable Thermal Expansion Stress Range 4.10. Thermal Shake-Down

4.11. Stress Reduction Factor-f 4.12. Liberal Stress as per Code 4.13. Cold Spring

4.15. Pressure Effect on piping Flexibility 4.16. General Procedure of Piping Flexibility

Analysis 4.17. Problem with Excessive Flexibility

Chapter 5. Designing for the Loads

5.1. Pressure 5.2.Temperature 5.3. Test Pressure 5.4. Dead Weight 5.5. Occasional Loads

5.5.1. Wind Loading 5.5.2. Earth quick Loading 5.5.3. Quickly Applied Loads (PSV)

5.6.1. Dynamic Fluid Loads 5.6.2. Slug Flow

Chapter 6. Flange Leakage

6.1. Flange Leakage Concern 6.2. Standard Flange Design Procedure

6.3. Method for Calculating Flange Leakage 6.4. ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code

6.5. Pressure Equivalent Method 6.6. NC 3658.3

Chapter 7. Stress Analysis Using Caesar-II

7.1. Model Creation & Proficient Modelling Technique 7.2. Inputs Features

7.3. Modelling of Bends, Reducer, Valves, Rigid Elements, Control parameters,

Non linearity of Restraints, Connecting Nodes (Cnodes), Equipment modelling

7.4.1. Coordinate system for Forces & moments 7.4.2.Global Forces & Local elements forces

7.5. Global Coordinates 7.6. Special Execution parameters & Configuration File

7.7. Calculation & Input for Occasional Loads 7.7.1. Wind Loads, Uniform Loads

7.7.2 Reaction force (PSV), Snow Load 7.7.3. Slug Flow forces 7.8. Sway Analysis

7.9. Flange Leakage 7.10. Sagging & Lift-up Problems 7.11.Spring Hanger Design

7.11.1. Variability/Load variation 7.11.2. Variable spring hanger selection

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7.11.3. Hot loads & cold loads 7.11.4. Constant Effort Support

7.12. Expansion Joints Modelling & Evaluation 7.12.1. Bellow catalogue data

7.12.2. Hinges & gimbals 7.12.3. Tie Rods & Limit Rods

7.12.4. Annular Thrust in Expansion Joints

Chapter 8. Design for Load Cases

8.1. Standard Load Case for ASME B-31.1 & B-31.3 8.2. Operating Case

8.3. Sustained Case 8.4.Expansion Case 8.5. Occasional Case 8.6. Slug Load Case

8.7. Hydrostatic Load Case 8.8. Hot & Cold Sustained Load Case

8.9. Displacement & Settlement Load Case 8.10. Sway Load Case 8.11.Hanger Load Case

8.12. Combination Method, Algebraic, Absolute, Scalar, SRSS

8.13. Hanger Configuration for stiffness 8.14. Application of Appendix-P, ASME B-31.3

Chapter 9. Supports friction

9.1. Effects of support friction 9.2. Analysis with friction 9.3. Application of friction force

9.4. Method of reducing friction force 9.5. Iteration Problems & solution

Chapter 10. Critical System Analysis Using Caesar-II

10.1.1. Evaluation of Piping Load on Static & Rotating Equipments

10.1.2. Effect of Piping Loads 10.1.3. Movements of Nozzle connection Point

10.1.4. Analysis Approach 10.1.5.Designing of Spring Hanger to minimize the Weight loads

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PART-1 STATICS EQUIPMENTS

10.2. Pressure Vessel, Horizontal Heat Exchanger & Vertical Columns

10.2.1. Pressure Vessel, Horizontal Heat Exchanger & Vertical Columns modelling

10.2.2. Forces & Moments Acting on the Nozzle Flange Face

10.2.3. Nozzle On shell Head Side 10.2.4. Nozzle on Cylindrical Side

10.2.5. Nozzle off-set On Shell Head 10.2.6.Vertical Vessel supported on lugs

10.2.7. Vertical Columns with Skirts 10.2.8. Calculation of Skirts Temperature

10.2.9. Horizontal Stack Heat Exchanger 10.2.10. Horizontal Bellow Heat Exchanger

10.2.11. Start-Up & Shut-Down 10.2.12. Support clits from the Equipments

10.2.13. Nozzle Flexibility of Vessel, WRC-297 10.2.14. Nozzle Loads, PD-5500

10.2.15. Local Stresses in Vessel, WRC-107 10.2.16. Limitation of WRC-107 & WRC-297

10.3. Air Cooler Heat Exchanger

10.3.1. Types of Air Cooler Heat Exchanger 10.3.2. Fixed & Floating Header

10.3.3. Modelling of Air Cooler Header 10.3.4. Nozzle loads allowable API-661

10.3.5. Coordinate System for Forces & Moments, API- 661

10.3.6. Combined Analysis for Inlet & Outlet Air Cooler

10.4. Storage Tanks

10.4.1. Types of Storage Tanks 10.4.2. Settlement of Storage Tanks & Rotation

10.4.3. Allowable Piping Loads at Tank connection

10.4.4. Application of Appendix-P, API-650

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PART-2 ROTATING EQUIPMENTS

10.5. Pump Analysis

10.5.1. Types of Pump Analysis

10.5.2. Suction & Discharge for Horizontal & vertical in line pumps

10.5.3. Stand-By cases for Pumps 10.5.4. Nozzle loads allowable API-610

10.5.5. Coordinate System for Forces & Moments, API 610

10.5.6. Criteria of Appendix-F & It Application

10.5.7. Combined Analysis of Pump Suction & Discharge 10.5.8. Non-API Pumps

10.5.9. Checking for WNC & allowable

10.6. Centrifugal Compressor

10.6.1. Forces & Moments acting On Compressor due to Inlet, Side- Stream & Discharge

10.6.2. Application of Appendix-G, API-617

10.6.3. Checking for WNC & allowable

10.7. Steam Turbine

10.7.1. Relation between API-617 & NEMA-SM23

10.7.2. Nozzle Loads Allowable, NEMA-SM23

10.7.3. Forces & Moments acting On Turbine due to Steam Inlet, Extraction & Exhaust

10.7.4. Checking for WNC & allowable

Chapter 11. Modal ANALYSIS

11.1. Brief Introduction of Dynamic Analysis 11.2. Difference between Static & Dynamic

11.3. Impact & Dynamic Load Factor 11.4. Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) Structure

11.5. Natural Frequency, Modal Analysis

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