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Pile Load Test Procedure

The document describes procedures for conducting a vertical load test on piles to determine their safe load capacity. The key steps are: (1) Preparing the pile head with a level surface and reinforcement cut; (2) Applying incremental loads up to 20% of estimated safe load while recording settlement; (3) Maintaining each load level until settlement rate is below 0.2mm/hr or 2 hours to obtain load-movement data. The maximum test load is maintained for 24 hours to determine the pile's safe working load. Load, time and displacement data are recorded throughout and presented in tabular and graphical forms to evaluate pile capacity.

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JEFFY JACOB
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240 views

Pile Load Test Procedure

The document describes procedures for conducting a vertical load test on piles to determine their safe load capacity. The key steps are: (1) Preparing the pile head with a level surface and reinforcement cut; (2) Applying incremental loads up to 20% of estimated safe load while recording settlement; (3) Maintaining each load level until settlement rate is below 0.2mm/hr or 2 hours to obtain load-movement data. The maximum test load is maintained for 24 hours to determine the pile's safe working load. Load, time and displacement data are recorded throughout and presented in tabular and graphical forms to evaluate pile capacity.

Uploaded by

JEFFY JACOB
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PILE LOAD TEST PROCEDURE

1. VERTICAL LOAD TEST (COMPRESSION)


1.1 General
In this type of test, compression (vertical downward) load is applied to the pile top by means
of a hydraulic jack against rolled steel joist or suitable load frame with adequate kentledge and
the settlement is recorded by suitably positioned dial gauges/LVDTs. Maintained load method
should be used for determination of safe load.
The general requirements applicable for these three methods are given below
1.1.1 Preparation of Pile Head
The pile head should be chipped off to natural horizontal plane till sound concrete is met. The
projecting reinforcement should be cut-off or bent suitably and the top finished smooth and
level with cement plaster or similar synthetic material where required. A bearing plate with a
mark at the centre should be placed on the head of the pile for the jacks to rest.
1.1.2 Application of Load (not Applicable to CRP Method)
The test should be carried out by applying a series of vertical downward incremental load each
increment being of about 20 percent of safe load on the pile.
1.1.3 Reaction
The reaction may be obtained from the following:
a) Kentledge placed on a platform supported clear of the test pile. In case of load test below
under-pinned structure, the existing structure, if having adequate weight and suitable
construction may serve as kentledge. The centre of gravity of the kentledge should coincide
with the axis of the pile and the load applied through the jack should also be coaxial with this
pile. If multiple jacks are to be used, these shall be arranged in parallel and connected to a
single hydraulic pump and pressure gauge.
b) Anchor piles with centre-to-centre distance from the test pile not less than 3 times the test
pile shaft diameter subject to minimum of 2 m. If the anchor piles are permanent working piles,
it should be ensured that their residual uplift is within limits. Care should be exercised to ensure
that the datum bar supports are not affected by heaving up of the soil.
c) Rock anchors with distance from the nearest edge of the piles at rock level being 2 times the
test pile shaft diameter or 1.5 m, whichever is greater.
1.1.4 Settlement
Settlement shall be recorded with minimum 4 dial gauges of 0.01 mm sensitivity for both single
pile and groups.
2. MAINTAINED LOAD METHOD
In this method, each stage of loading shall be maintained till the rate of movement of the pile
top is not more than 0.2 mm/h or until 2 h have elapsed, whichever is earlier subject to a
minimum of 1 h. The maximum test load shall be maintained for 24 h.
2.1 Duration of Vertical Loading
Vertical loading on single pile shall be continued till one of the following takes place:
In case of routine load test:
 Applied load reaches 1.5 times the working load.
 Maximum settlement of pile exceeds a value of 12 mm for piles diameter up to and
including 600 mm and 18 mm or maximum of 2 percent of pile diameter whichever is
less for piles of diameter more than 600 mm.
3. RECORDING OF DATA
 The pile test data essentially contains three variables, namely, time, load and displacement.
These are to be recorded sequentially for the tests under consideration and recorded in a
suitable tabular form along with the information about the pile.
 The data may be suitably presented by curves drawn between the variables and safe loads
shown on the graphs. Load displacement curve shall be an essential part of data taken.

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