MGMT625

QUIZ-4

Friend # 1

Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 04:17:07 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is an application of evolutionary theories?
Introduction of new management system
Strategic Assumptions Analysis
Quality management movement
Expert system approach
Ref: Second evidence we found in the Quality Management Movement (QMM) which is well
supported
by evolutionary theory. For e.g. Total Quality Management (TQM) means, continuous, marginal or
incremental changes on day-to-day bases in all functional areas like on customer-preferences,
product-attributes, organising in production as well.

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 04:17:33 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is an organization that minimizes risk while maximizing the
opportunity for profit?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor
Ref: A true Analyzer is an organization that attempts to minimize risk while
maximizing the opportunity for profit. It combines the strengths of both the prospector and
defender
into a single system. The best word to describe Analyzer’s adaptive approach is “balance”.

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 04:18:25 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Recognizing the need to change but responding in ways that have poor strategic fit with
the business” refers to which of the following difficulties face by companies when they want
to be innovative?
Failure of perception
Inappropriate innovation
Episodic innovation
Ref: Inappropriate innovation
Recognizing the need to change but responding in ways that have poor strategic fit with the business
or divert from more important ends.

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 04:19:52 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following focuses on the selection and rationalization of organizational
structure and process?
Entrepreneurial problem
Engineering problem
Administrative problem
Managerial problem
Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=arAg0kFYRBsC&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=%22focu
ses+on+the+selection+and+rationalization%22&source=bl&ots=p00FqgqNz6&sig=st6bkhrM
0Gg4F6wY9kh3SY0HNxA&hl=en&ei=tP9PTZbDGoy2hAf-
pb2JDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAA

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 04:20:20 PM ) Total Marks: 1

There are different styles of managing strategic change. Which of the following are the
potential benefits of "direction" as a change style?
Overcomes lack of information or misinformation
Increases ownership of a decision or process
Maintains control over the change process whilst also involving people in it
Provides clarity and speed
Ref:
http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_johnson_excorpstrat_7/26/6677/1709565.cw/content/ind
ex.html

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 04:20:49 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following problems describes “differentiation of the organization structure and
processes to accommodate both stable and dynamic areas of operation”?
Administrative
Entrepreneurial
Engineering
Managerial
Ref: Administrative problem is how to differentiate the organization structure and processes to
accommodate both stable and dynamic areas of operation.

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 04:21:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

What makes dialectical inquiry approach different from devil’s advocacy approach?
Dialectical inquiry develops alternate assumptions
Dialectical inquiry is not based on facts and figures
Dialectical inquiry makes planner reactive
Dialectical inquiry demoralizes managers

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 04:22:11 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Joint venture is an example of which of the following?
Strategic change
Process change
Generative change
Adaptive change

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 04:22:32 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is known as revenue centric approach?
Activity centered change
Focus on quantity or numbers
Interconnectedness of various elements
Need to change every thing at once
Ref: Focus on quantity or numbers
Sometimes, it is called revenue centric approach in which number matters. From change
management
perspective, the results of any change program could be measured in terms of numerical values
rather
than on the basis of desired characteristics.

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 04:24:00 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following focuses on the choice of technologies and processes to be used for
production and distribution?
Entrepreneurial problem
Engineering problem
Administrative problem
Managerial problem
Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=arAg0kFYRBsC&pg=PA198&lpg=PA198&dq=%22focu
ses+on+the+choice+of+technologies+and+processes+to+be+used+for+production+and+dist
ribution%22&source=bl&ots=p00FqgrJy1&sig=97wLj-Po8xNj7FV-
DIhg14OldlE&hl=en&ei=_QFQTcPmLtCShAeAuIyGDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resn
um=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22focuses%20on%20the%20choice%20of%20
technologies%20and%20processes%20to%20be%20used%20for%20production%20and%20
distribution%22&f=false

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 04:24:47 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following theories operate on a multiple entity?
Life cycle and teleological theories
Teleological and dialectical theories
Dialectical and evolutionary theories
Evolutionary and life cycle theories
Ref: Unit of Change
Dialectical theories operate on multiple entities while OLC and teleological operate within a single
entity.
Evolution theories operate on multiple entities, which are on intra-organisational, organisational,
population, communities as against OLC and teleological theories

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 04:25:07 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Organizational birth rates and death rates refer to:
Vital rates
Growth rates
Inflation rates
Reduction rates
Ref: Vital rates means death rates and founding rates of an organization. This leads not only to the
study
of large organizations but also of entrepreneurship and small businesses.
Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 04:26:37 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Parochialism is also known as:
Ethnocentrisms
Pluralism
Favoritism
Traditionalism
Ref: Parochialism, provincialism or ethnocentrisms means to interpret the things or developments
on self
reference basis. Again, there is tendency among individuals or among groups that they percept
changes
narrowly and un-sophisticatedly.

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 04:28:03 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following best describes the style of managing change associated with
coercion or edict?
Change agent retains co-ordination and control but delegates elements of change
Use of authority to set direction and means of change
Explicit use of power
Involvement in setting the strategy agenda and resolving strategic issues by groups
Ref:
http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_johnson_excorpstrat_7/26/6677/1709563.cw/-
/1709565/index.html

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 04:28:23 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following theories establishes that “Goal is considered as a final cause for
guiding movement of an entity”?
Life cycle theory
Teleological theory
Dialectical theory
Evolutionary theory
Ref: Teleological theories of Change
According to this theory, human actions are purposive; goal is the final cause for guiding movement
of an entity

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 04:29:01 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is based on the assumption that change proceeds toward a goal or
end state?
Life cycle theory
Teleological theory
Dialectical theory
Evolutionary theory
Ref: Teleological theories of Change
According to this theory, human actions are purposive; goal is the final cause for guiding movement
of an entity. This underlies other organization theories like functionalism, decisionmaking, adaptive
learning & model of strategic planning and goal setting. By this theory, development of an
organizational entity proceeds toward a goal or end state.

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 04:29:21 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Short term orientation refers to:
Interpretation of things on self reference basis
Favoritism or protection of individuals
Short sightedness
Satisficing behavior of individuals

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 04:30:19 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Sunk cost” is a source of which of the following?
Structural inertia
Natural selection
Adaptation
Variation

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 04:31:05 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is defined as an influencing process that can be exercised sideways,
diagonally, top-down and down-up throughout an organizational hierarchy?
Leadership
Followership
Administration
All of the given options
Ref:
http://www.eabis.org/uploads/media/Mostovizc_Kakabadse-CSR_Role_of_Leadership.PDF

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 04:31:52 PM ) Total Marks: 1

According to Hannan and Freeman, written rules of operations in an organization refer to:
Normative Order
Formal structure
Patterns of activity
Span of control
Ref: Formal structure of the organization in the narrow sense, that is through written rules of
operations.
FRIEND # 2
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 06:31:04 PM ) Total Marks: 1
In psychology the observation that people often do (or believe) things because many other
people do (or believe) the same is known as:
Band wagon effect
Benchmarking
Fashion
Trend setting

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 06:32:23 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Merger and acquisition is an example of which of the following?
Strategic change
Process change
Generative change
Adaptive change
Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 06:33:51 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following leadership style refers to a form of non-leadership in which the
leader abdicates his or her responsibility and is high avoidant?
Transformational leadership
Transactional leadership
Instrumental leadership
Laissez-faire leadership

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 06:35:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1

How many states of adaptation have been mentioned by Chakravorti?
Four
Five
Three
Two
Ref: Three states of adaptation are given by Chakravorti. He used the terms as unstable state, stable
state and neutral state.

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 06:35:49 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following statements describes entrepreneurial problem for prospectors?
To locate and develop market opportunities
To avoid long term commitments to a single technological process
To facilitate and coordinate numerous and diverse operations
To focus on short term goals
Ref: Entrepreneurial problem for prospector is how to locate and develop market opportunities? The
systemic addition of new products or markets, combined with retrenchment in other parts of
domain
characterizes the prospector.

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 06:36:12 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify a weakness of devil’s advocacy approach.
It gives no alternate plan
It is based on facts and logics
It makes planner proactive
It recommends solutions

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 06:36:33 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is not a key task for those involved in seeking political agreements
over strategic change?
Negotiate any necessary 'side deals' to get people by their side
Identify potential and influential supporters and persuade them to support the new strategy
Seek out potential opposition and attempt to change opinions or at least, to neutralize them
Build the maximum consensus for the new proposals, preferably prior to any formal
decision meeting
Ref: http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_lynch_corpstrat_4/42/10958/2805436.cw/-
/2805438/index.html

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 06:37:43 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Unless an environment is perfectly stable, organization can not learn appropriately. What
does this mean?
This means organization always lag behind environment
This means organization doesn’t have ability to learn
This means employees resist change
This means employees adapt change according to their will
Ref:
Unanticipated Consequences of Ordinary Action
First, the rate of adaptation may be inconsistent with the rate change of environment. Unless an
environment is perfectly stable, organization can not learn appropriately. This means organization
always lag behind environment.

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 06:38:45 PM ) Total Marks: 1

According to Greiner, in his five phases of growth model, what type of crisis follows phase 2
(growth through direction)?
Crisis of control
Crisis of autonomy
Crisis of leadership
Crisis of growth

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 06:40:04 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is an internal source of structural inertia?
Sunk cost
New technology
Government regulations
Social legitimacy

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 06:41:26 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Who believed that effective manager is the one who moves the organization forward in
small, logical steps?
Lewin
Quinn
Mintzberg
Lindblom
Ref: The concept of logical incrementalism remained a frequently cited concept, especially 1980s. Its
leading proponent Quinn believes’ in planned change and orderly transition. He was thoroughly
against radical change in strategy and in organizational directions, systems or central processes. He
believes that effective manager is the one who moves the organization forward in small, logical steps

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 06:42:44 PM ) Total Marks: 1

The criteria for scanning academic information from internet includes all of the following,
except:
Known author
Junk substance
Leading journal
Good references

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 06:43:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the period of direction phase?
Communication becomes more formal and impersonal
Incentives, budgets, and work standards are adopted
Accounting systems for inventory and purchasing are introduced
Communication is frequent and informal
Ref: Functional org. structure – specialization and division of labour
• System and sub-system get developed – Accounting for inventory and purchasing
• Budgets and work & Job standards, are adopted
• Communication becomes more formal and impersonal as a hierarchy of title and position builds
• Lower and upper level conflict becomes obvious as organization grows and have more layers of
hierarchy
• Lower level employees find restricted by a cumbersome procedures and centralized hierarchy.
• Lower level managers have more direct knowledge of market and machinery than do the leaders
at the top (office-work & govern through paper).

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 06:44:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify a “pre-action barrier” faced by the organizations which are not ready to accept
change.
Avoidance
Indecision
Poverty
All of the given options

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 06:45:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

What is the impact of incremental change on employees according to James Quinn?
It demoralizes employees
It increases confidence level of employees
It discourages employees
It adversely affects employee’s productivity

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 06:46:43 PM ) Total Marks: 1

How many major strategic problem and solution sets are there in organizational adaptation
process?
Five
Four
Three
Two
Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=vM1jhhj5Bt0C&pg=PA47&lpg=PA47&dq=%22strategi
c+problem+and+solution+sets%22&source=bl&ots=DlRPG8JaGt&sig=u4aLJ34VkHWO_NTbtZ
q7KieEBPQ&hl=en&ei=IyJMTcyMM-
aAhAfM143aDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAA

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 06:47:03 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following contexts would most suit a transformational leader?
An organization that is in trouble
An organization that is performing well
An organization in a stable environment
An organization in a mature industry

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 06:47:48 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following dimensions of strategic change is related to the ‘how’ of the change
according to Pettigrew?
Content
Outer Context
Inner context
Process
Ref: According to Pettigrew and Whipp the essential dimensions of strategic change are context,
content and process of change.
Context on X-axis (Why of change)
Content on Y - axis (What of change)
Process on Z-axis (How of change)

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 06:49:06 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is a tangible design?
Formal planning
Degree of centralization
Job specialization
Divisional design
Ref:
(a) Tangible Designs
Functional Design
Divisional Design
Matrix Design

(b) Intangible Designs

Hierarchical Levels
Degree of Centralization
Control systems and Formal Planning
Job Specialization
Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 06:49:27 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following defines a learning that occurs when errors are detected and
corrected and firms continue with their present policies and goals?
Single-loop learning
Double-loop learning
Surface learning
Deep learning
Ref: Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=u3zHhZcscfkC&pg=PA345&lpg=PA345&dq=%22learni
ng+that+occurs+when+errors+are+detected+and+corrected+and+%22&source=bl&ots=RKq
PGpPkof&sig=0MXgkKyEhGXXD-
oszT6jKo9dDrI&hl=en&ei=QylMTaPYAdqAhAew_dn2Dg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&r
esnum=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22learning%20that%20occurs%20when%2
0errors%20are%20detected%20and%20corrected%20and%20%22&f=false
 FRIEND # 3
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 09:04:27 PM ) Total Marks: 1
When the new program gets merged with the existing processes, it refers to:
Missionary phase
Modification phase
Maturity phase
Declining phase

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 09:05:30 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is Not an internal source of strategic organizational change?
New corporate mission
New company leadership
Decline in employee’s morale
Government regulations

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 09:06:49 PM ) Total Marks: 1

What is a failure rate of change programmes according to Balogun and Hope Hailey report?
Around 60 per cent
Around 70 per cent
Around 80 per cent
Around 90 per cent
Ref: Balogun and Hope Hailey (2004) report a failure rate of around 70 per cent of
all change programmes initiated. It may be suggested that this poor success rate indicates a
fundamental lack of a valid framework of how to implement and manage organizational change as
what is currently available to academics and practitioners is a wide range of contradictory and
confusing theories and approaches.

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 09:07:26 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is Not a method of diagnosing a problem?
Interviews
Questionnaires
Benchmarking
Unobtrusive measures
Ref:
Unobtrusive measures
Any method of data collection in which the subjects are not aware that they are being
studied. FOR EXAMPLE, physical traces, observation, analysis of existing data, and archives.
Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 09:09:22 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is a function of attitude?
Routine
Habit
Behavior
Policy
Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 09:10:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Team building and delegation are part of:
Planning
Human resource management
Organizing
Leadership

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 09:11:24 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following strategies is concerned with the overall purpose and scope of the
business to meet stakeholder expectations?
Corporate strategy
Business strategy
Functional strategy
Process strategy

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 09:12:49 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is Not an internal source of structural inertia?
Sunk cost
Communication problem
Organizational politics
Technological advancement

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 09:13:12 PM ) Total Marks: 1

The criteria for scanning academic information from internet includes all of the following,
except:
Known author
Junk substance
Leading journal
Good references

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 09:14:09 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify a success trap in which individuals believe that they can counter each and every
situation with the same set of knowledge and skills.
Avoidance
Indecision
Poverty
Insularity
Ref: Avoidance
People in the organizations especially top managers cannot move away from their tested ways of
doing business as they do not believe that the world has changed. In other words this is a kind of
success trap for individuals who are unable to differentiate environment and situations and believe
that with same set of knowledge and skills they can counter each and every situation.

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 09:14:49 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following focuses on the selection and rationalization of organizational
structure and process?
Entrepreneurial problem
Engineering problem
Administrative problem
Managerial problem

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 09:16:05 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of these best describes restraining forces?
Unfreezing
Negotiation
Refreezing
Resistance to change

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 09:17:05 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is defined as an influencing process that can be exercised sideways,
diagonally, top-down and down-up throughout an organizational hierarchy?
Leadership
Followership
Administration
All of the given options

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 09:18:02 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following defines a learning that occurs when, in addition to detection and
correction of errors, the organization questions and modifies its existing norms, procedures,
policies and objectives?
Single-loop learning
Double-loop learning
Surface learning
Deep learning

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 09:18:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is the fourth stage of “Miller & Freisen Model”?
Birth
Growth
Revival
Maturity

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 09:19:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Living around the core of the business, this refers to:
Paralysis through analysis
Sticking to one’s knitting
Stress upon single value
Customer satisfaction
Ref: Sticking to one’s knitting – to original area of organization instead of being led by different
attractive alternatives. Sticking to one’s knitting means living around the core of the business which
definitely is the area of being or mission statement.

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 09:20:10 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the statement which defines a change agent?
A top management expert who knows all parts of the organization
External consultant who analyzes the organization and recommend the changes that need
to take place
The person or group in an organization that people try to influence in order to get their
personal concerns
A person or group of people who take on the role of promoting change within an
organization

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 09:20:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

All of the following describe incremental change Except:
It is continuous
It involves constant learning
It is relevant at multiple levels in organization
It is multi-directional

FRIEND # 4
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 08:42:12 PM ) Total Marks: 1
In terms of technology, hardware refers to which of the following?
Equipment
Techniques
Skills
Knowledge

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 08:44:07 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Radical changes are considered as rapid and ___________.
Continuous
Incremental
Discontinuous
Constant

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 08:45:13 PM ) Total Marks: 1

What does HPOs stand for?
High Performance Organizations
Highly Powerful Organizations
High Potential Organizations
Highly Productive Organizations

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 08:45:48 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is Not an external source of strategic organizational change?
Competitor’s actions
Government regulations
Technological advancement
New corporate mission

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 08:46:18 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Although strategic change tends to be seen as a long term issue, it may be useful to achieve
'short-term wins'. What does this mean?
The organisation must complete its change programme quickly
The organisation must win in the short-term to be successful in the long-term
Short-term wins benefit stakeholders
Completing some tasks quickly to demonstrate success and build confidence in a change
programme

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 08:47:36 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following developed PE model?
Taylor and Weber
Michael and Freisen
Tushman & Romanelli
Francis & Bessant

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 08:48:55 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Sunk cost” is a source of which of the following?
Structural inertia
Natural selection
Adaptation
Variation

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 08:50:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following provided data that suggest a strong linkage between corporate
culture and the organization's reward system?
Kerr and Slocum
Taylor and Weber
Michael and Freisen
Tushman & Romanelli
Ref:
Kerr and Slocum {1987), for example, have provided data that suggest a strong linkage between
corporate culture and the organization's reward system. They show how a company's reward system
is a manifestation of its culture.

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 08:51:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify a success trap in which individuals believe that they can counter each and every
situation with the same set of knowledge and skills.
Avoidance
Indecision
Poverty
Insularity

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 08:52:08 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following best describes an 'intended' strategy?
An expression of desired strategic direction deliberately formulated or planned by managers
A strategic direction that emerges from a stream of decisions
An expression of desired strategic direction deliberately formulated or planned by managers
that is realized in the fullness of time
A strategy that is the product of competitive pressure
Ref:
http://wps.pearsoned.co.uk/ema_uk_he_johnson_excorpstrat_7/26/6678/1709583.cw/-
/1709585/index.html
Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 08:53:32 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following shows a “residual” type of behavior in an organization?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor
Ref: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6648/is_3_26/ai_n30977118/pg_6/

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 08:54:24 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT included in McKinsey 7 S framework?
Strategy
Structure
System
Safety

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 08:55:06 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following statements describes engineering problem for prospectors?
To locate and develop market opportunities
To avoid long term commitments to a single technological process
To facilitate and coordinate numerous and diverse operations
To focus on short term goals

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 08:56:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the factor with which an effective organization maintains alignment?
Employees
Environment
Organizational culture
Top management
Ref:
http://www.bth.se/fou/cuppsats.nsf/all/e670dd13bfaaf375c12575b400724462/$file/MAST
ER'S%20THESIS,%20BTH%202009.pdf

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 08:57:17 PM ) Total Marks: 1

What is the impact of incremental change on employees according to James Quinn?
It demoralizes employees
It increases confidence level of employees
It discourages employees
It adversely affects employee’s productivity

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 08:58:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Application of standard operating procedures refers to:
Rule following
Problem solving
Decision making
Learning
Ref: Rule Following
Application of standard operating procedures (SOPs), duties, obligation, roles, rules, and criteria
evolve through competition and survival, and those followed by organizations that survive, grow
and multiply come to dominate the pool of procedures

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 08:59:11 PM ) Total Marks: 1

When managers make rational choice under certain conditions of risk and cost-benefit
analyses. This process refers to:
Rule following
Problem solving
Decision making
Conflict resolving
Ref: It is the rational actor model which prevails in organizations. Managers make rational choice
under certain conditions of risk and cost-benefit analyses.

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 08:59:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Living around the core of the business, this refers to:
Paralysis through analysis
Sticking to one’s knitting
Stress upon single value
Customer satisfaction

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 09:00:09 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Why might a forcefield analysis be useful in thinking about strategic change?
A forcefield analysis helps to identify the blockages to change
A forcefield analysis helps to identify forces which might facilitate change
A forcefield analysis identifies those who have power in the organizations to make change
happen
A forcefield analysis provides a way of identifying forces for and against change in the
organisation

FRIEND # 5

Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 02:56:21 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following developed PE model?
Taylor and Weber
Michael and Freisen
Tushman & Romanelli
Francis & Bessant

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 02:57:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1

People get into trouble when they do not accept their total selves and try to live up to the
demands of others rather than being themselves. This refers to:
Management by exception
Management by objective
Gestalt phenomenon
Gibbs phenomenon
Ref: vulms.vu.edu.pk/Courses/HRM625/Downloads/lecture39.ppt

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 02:59:01 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following defined specie as a legally defined entity?
Weber
Freeman
Uldrich
Quinn
Ref: Ulrich defines form as a “legally defined entity” with a population of firms consisting of similar
competencies, structures and strategies. Similarly organization form can be determined according to
other criteria, for e.g. technology, industry grouping and product.

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 03:00:23 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the state in which a firm can withstand most environmental changes?
Stable
Unstable
Neutral
Constant
Ref: In a neutral state, a firm can withstand most environmental changes because they have been
anticipated before their occurrence and the firm has invested in the requisite adaptive
ability.

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 03:01:43 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following describes the role of a strategy?
Makes best use of resources
Achieves competitive advantages
Makes profits for the organization
Makes the best products and services
Ref:
http://www.google.com.pk/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CBwQFjAB&url=http%3A%2
F%2Feca.europa.eu%2Fproducts%2FAUDIT_STRATEGY&ei=QytMTePeBsnDhAeSktHRDg&us
g=AFQjCNGyhPB6QVHsuYYn9VDCzCFYW7RKCA

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 03:02:16 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Recognizing the need to change but responding in ways that have poor strategic fit with
the business” refers to which of the following difficulties face by companies when they want
to be innovative?
Failure of perception
Inappropriate innovation
Episodic innovation
Steady state innovation
Ref: Inappropriate innovation
Recognizing the need to change but responding in ways that have poor strategic fit with the business
or divert from more important ends.

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 03:03:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Technological innovation by competitors” is one of the reasons of organizational failure.
This refers to which of the following factors?
Environmental
Structural
Managerial
Cultural

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 03:05:03 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Although strategic change tends to be seen as a long term issue, it may be useful to achieve
'short-term wins'. What does this mean?
The organisation must complete its change programme quickly
The organisation must win in the short-term to be successful in the long-term
Short-term wins benefit stakeholders
Completing some tasks quickly to demonstrate success and build confidence in a change
programme

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 03:06:15 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify an approach in which second group gives an alternate plan.
Expert system approach
Devil’s advocate approach
Dialectical inquiry approach
External analysis approach

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 03:07:42 PM ) Total Marks: 1

An approach in which an external consultant recommends a solution to organizational
problems according to technical view point is known as:
Expert system approach
Devil’s advocate approach
Dialectical inquiry approach
External analysis approach

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 03:08:46 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Recognizing the need but on occasional basis so that intensive innovation effort is followed
by a period of inactivity” refers to which of the following difficulties face by companies
when they want to be innovative?
Failure of perception
Inappropriate innovation
Episodic innovation
Steady state innovation
Ref: http://free-books-online.org/management/change-management/implementation-
radical-or-transformative-change-continued-3/
Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 03:09:37 PM ) Total Marks: 1
When managers make rational choice under certain conditions of risk and cost-benefit
analyses. This process refers to:
Rule following
Problem solving
Decision making
Conflict resolving

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 03:10:51 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the factor with which an effective organization maintains alignment?
Employees
Environment
Organizational culture
Top management

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 03:11:54 PM ) Total Marks: 1

The criteria for scanning academic information from internet includes all of the following,
except:
Known author
Junk substance
Leading journal
Good references

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 03:12:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Various media exist for communicating change. Which of the following media is best suited
to complex strategic change?
Personal letters
General bulletins or circulars
Face to face either individually or to a group
A strategic plan

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 03:14:08 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is an organization that minimizes risk while maximizing the
opportunity for profit?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 03:15:20 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Implication for change management in the ‘controlling’ function of management is:
From formal to more formal control
From formal to informal control
From informal to formal control
From informal to more informal control
Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 03:16:25 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is a characteristic of the period of collaboration phase?
Teams are combined across functions for task-group activity
Profit centers and bonuses are used to stimulate motivation
Accounting systems for inventory and purchasing are introduced
Communication is frequent and informal

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 03:17:16 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the minimum requirement of entities by dialectical theories to fill the roles of thesis
and antithesis
Five
Four
Three
Two

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 03:17:37 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Team building and delegation are part of:
Planning
Human resource management
Organizing
Leadership

FRIEND # 6
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 07:40:23 PM )
Which of the following peoples show long term behavior?
Japanese
Malays
Chinese
All of the given options
Ref: In cross cultural terms, for instance, traditional Asiatic peoples such as Japanese, Chinese
or Malays have had long term behaviour then other Asiatic ones. In reality, we have also
seen them more developed and rich.

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 07:41:50 PM )

All of the following are time-consuming methods for dealing with resistance to change,
EXCEPT:
Stress management
Employee involvement
Learning
Coercion

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 07:43:10 PM )

“Model of strategic planning” is a part of which of the following?
Life Cycle Theories
Teleological Theories
Dialectical theories
Evolutionary theories
Ref: According to this theory, human actions are purposive; goal is the final cause for guiding
movement of an entity. This underlies other organization theories like functionalism,
decisionmaking,
adaptive learning & model of strategic planning and goal setting.

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 07:44:05 PM )

“Technological innovation by competitors” is one of the reasons of organizational failure.
This refers to which of the following factors?
Environmental
Structural
Managerial
Cultural

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 07:45:02 PM )

Amongst the types of change, what is meant by “evolutionary change”?
Incremental change within the existing paradigm
Big bang change within the existing paradigm
Incremental change outside the existing paradigm
"Big bang" change outside the existing paradigm

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 07:46:29 PM )

Change agents facilitate the diagnostic phase by gathering, interpreting and presenting
_________.
Solutions
Problems
Data
Alternatives
Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=PRC4HTsEA9sC&pg=PA133&lpg=PA133&dq=%22Cha
nge+agents+facilitate+the+diagnostic+phase+by+gathering%22&source=bl&ots=xr2CH5bEb
1&sig=aRrGQbihmvjeNNTseGRSMa2aXgo&hl=en&ei=9NJSTaWbHorLswaGquzWBg&sa=X&oi
=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Change%20ag
ents%20facilitate%20the%20diagnostic%20phase%20by%20gathering%22&f=false

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 07:47:39 PM )

Identify the statement which defines a change agent?
A top management expert who knows all parts of the organization
External consultant who analyzes the organization and recommend the changes that need
to take place
The person or group in an organization that people try to influence in order to get their
personal concerns
A person or group of people who take on the role of promoting change within an
organization

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 07:49:10 PM )

Life cycle theory
Teleological theory
Dialectical theory
Evolutionary theory

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 07:50:25 PM )

In terms of technology, hardware refers to which of the following?
Machinery
Techniques
Skills
Knowledge

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 07:53:22 PM )

Identify a weakness of devil’s advocacy approach.
It gives no alternate plan
It is based on facts and logics
It makes planner proactive
It recommends solutions

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 07:54:12 PM )

Goals of an organization are often derived from its:
Strategy
Purpose
Objectives
Missions

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 07:54:56 PM )

Which of the following shows a “residual” type of behavior in an organization?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 07:56:23 PM )

Which of the following introduced concept of logical incrementalism?
Kurt Lewin
James Brian Quinn
Edgar Schein
Michael Peter Senge

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 07:57:18 PM )

Identify the problem having a solution “To operate in hybrid domain”?
Administrative
Entrepreneurial
Engineering
Managerial
Ref: The entrepreneurial problem is how to locate and exploit new products and market
opportunities
while simultaneously maintaining a firm base of traditional products and customers. The obvious
solution is to operate in hybrid domain – that is both stable and changing.

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 07:58:33 PM )

In McKinsey 7-S framework for business success, plans for the allocation for a firm’s scarce
resources over time to achieve organizational goals refer to:
Strategy
Structure
System
Safety

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 07:59:58 PM )

“Sunk cost” is a source of which of the following?
Structural inertia
Natural selection
Adaptation
Variation

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 08:01:30 PM )

Kurt Lewin's three-step model for successful change in organizations includes:
Unfreeze, move and freeze
Unfreeze, change and refreeze
Change, refreeze and unfreeze
Refreeze, move and unfreeze

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 08:03:04 PM )

Identify an approach in which second group gives an alternate plan.
Expert system approach
Devil’s advocate approach
Dialectical inquiry approach
External analysis approach

FRIEND # 7
Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 07:05:25 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following is defined as an influencing process that can be exercised sideways,
diagonally, top-down and down-up throughout an organizational hierarchy?
Leadership
Followership
Administration
All of the given options

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 07:06:51 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following dimensions of strategic change is related to the ‘how’ of the change
according to Pettigrew?
Content
Outer Context
Inner context
Process

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 07:08:21 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is an organization that minimizes risk while maximizing the
opportunity for profit?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 07:09:52 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify a model in which change is depicted in terms of process and content.
Kurt Lewin model
Burke Litwin model
Punctuated equilibrium model
Organizational development model
Ref: http://www.getcited.org/pub/103370405

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 07:10:51 PM ) Total Marks: 1

The criteria for scanning academic information from internet includes all of the following,
except:
Known author
Junk substance
Leading journal
Good references
Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 07:11:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Amongst the types of change, what is meant by “evolutionary change”?
Incremental change within the existing paradigm
Big bang change within the existing paradigm
Incremental change outside the existing paradigm
"Big bang" change outside the existing paradigm

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 07:13:08 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Success can be achieved by following multiple paths instead of single path. This refers to:
Scientific management
Contingency school of thought
Concept of equifinality
Concept of pluralism
Ref: Another equally important approach which is now widely suggested is of equi-finality which
believes that success can be achieved in following through multiple paths (instead of single
path).
Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 07:14:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1
“Recognizing the need to change but responding in ways that have poor strategic fit with
the business” refers to which of the following difficulties face by companies when they want
to be innovative?
Failure of perception
Inappropriate innovation
Episodic innovation
Steady state innovation

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 07:15:23 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following focuses on the choice of technologies and processes to be used for
production and distribution?
Entrepreneurial problem
Engineering problem
Administrative problem
Managerial problem

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 07:16:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the term which describes people’s perception and attitude that are strongly
affected by organizational conditions.
Organizational structure
Organizational climate
Organizational culture
Organizational norms
Ref: http://free-books-online.org/management/change-management/change-
implementation-od-models/

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 07:17:49 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Parochialism is also known as:
Ethnocentrisms
Pluralism
Favoritism
Traditionalism

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 07:18:53 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following peoples show long term behavior?
Japanese
Malays
Chinese
All of the given options

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 07:20:18 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following strategies is concerned with the overall purpose and scope of the
business to meet stakeholder expectations?
Corporate strategy
Business strategy
Functional strategy
Process strategy
Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 07:21:48 PM ) Total Marks: 1
What does OLC stand for?
Organizational life cycle
Organizational learning center
Organizational legal council
Organizational logical committee

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 07:22:16 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Robert Herman lists the goals of gestalt. Which of the following is included in his list?
Awareness
Integration
Authenticity
All of the given options
Ref: Robert Herman lists the goals of gestalt:
• Awareness - knowing one’s strengths and weaknesses
• Integration - amongst the different functional specialist department at horizontal and vertical
level too.
• Maturation -
• Authenticity - reliable and valid information and its evaluation
• Self regulation - for behavioural change.

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 07:22:56 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is one of the dimensions of Greiner’s Model?
Growth rate of the company
Growth rate of the market
Growth rate of the economy
Growth rate of the industry

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 07:23:58 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the term which means favoritism or protection of individuals or a group or groups
who have some vested interest with change process.
Provincialism
Pluralism
Turf protection
Equi-finality
Ref: Turf protection means favouritism or protection of individuals or a group or groups who have
some vested interest with change process. For instance, the protection for those ones: (1) who are
nonperformers or (2) may be for those who are loyalist toward change initiators.

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 07:25:11 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is one of the dimensions of Greiner’s Model?
Age of organization
Development of organization
Flexibility of organization
Adaptability of organization

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 07:26:01 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify an external source of strategic organizational change.
New corporate vision
Purchase of new technology in a company
Merger and acquisition
Government regulations

FRIEND # 8
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 06:08:49 PM )
What does HPOs stand for?
High Performance Organizations
Highly Powerful Organizations
High Potential Organizations
Highly Productive Organizations

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 06:09:17 PM )

Identify a weakness of devil’s advocacy approach.
It gives no alternate plan
It is based on facts and logics
It makes planner proactive
It recommends solutions

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 06:09:46 PM )

“Learning that creates stability and culture is different from the learning that enables
organizations to innovate as they encounter changing conditions in both their external and
internal environment.” Which of the following experts gave above mentioned concept?
Schein
charles
Toffler
Schon
Ref: According to Schein, “Learning that creates stability and culture is different from the learning
that
enables organisations to innovate as they encounter changing conditions in both their external and
internal environment.”

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 06:10:12 PM )

Identify an element of inner context of strategic change?
Extent of regulation in the industry
Ownership structure of the company
Presence of influential stakeholders
Life cycle of the company
Ref: Pye and Pettigrew revealed important aspects of inner and outer context in another article
titled,
“Studying Board Context, Process and Dynamics: Some Challenges for the Future”. For them
important aspects of the outer context include: the extent of regulation in the industry in which an
organization is located; its ownership structure and investor relationships with the board; the
presence of other influential stakeholders e.g. lobby groups outside the organization; and the
potential for mergers and acquisitions activity.

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 06:11:18 PM )

What do we mean by the term 'strategic change'?
An important organizational change
The proactive management of change to achieve strategic objectives
Planned change
A change that inevitably results in organizations as they evolve in a changing environment

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 06:12:05 PM )

All of the following are part of 7 ‘S’ model Except:
Structure
Style
Staff
Source

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 06:12:20 PM )

Which of the following is known as an unstable organization?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor
Ref: Reactors
Besides the fourth type of organizations is Reactors. This type of organization exhibits a pattern of
adjustment to its environment that is both inconsistent and unstable.
Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 06:13:20 PM )
Which of the following problems describes “differentiation of the organization structure and
processes to accommodate both stable and dynamic areas of operation”?
Administrative
Entrepreneurial
Engineering
Managerial

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 06:14:11 PM )

“Model of strategic planning” is a part of which of the following?
Life cycle theories
Teleological theories
Dialectical theories
Evolutionary theories

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 06:14:43 PM )

Which of the following is Not an internal source of strategic organizational change?
New corporate mission
New company leadership
Decline in employee’s morale
Government regulations
Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 06:15:09 PM )
Identify the year in which Beckhard & Harris proposed a model of change management
process.
1957
1967
1977
1987

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 06:15:33 PM )

“Goal setting theory” is a part of which of the following?
Life cycle theories
Teleological theories
Dialectical theories
Evolutionary theories

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 06:16:19 PM )

Identify the correct order of dialectical cycle.
Thesis-Antithesis-Synthesis
Synthesis-Antithesis-Thesis
Thesis-Synthesis-Antithesis
Antithesis-Synthesis-Thesis

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 06:16:56 PM )

All of the following describe incremental change Except:
It is continuous
It involves constant learning
It is relevant at multiple levels in organization
It is multi-directional

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 06:18:03 PM )

Identify the problem having a solution “To operate in hybrid domain”?
Administrative
Entrepreneurial
Engineering
Managerial

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 06:20:10 PM )

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the period of creativity phase?
Communication is frequent and informal
Long hours of work are rewarded by modest salaries
Control of activities comes from immediate marketplace feedback
Accounting systems for inventory and purchasing are introduced

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 06:21:20 PM )

Which of the following leadership style refers to a form of non-leadership in which the
leader abdicates his or her responsibility and is high avoidant?
Transformational leadership
Transactional leadership
Instrumental leadership
Laissez-faire leadership

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 06:21:44 PM )

When did Baird & Meshoulam describe organization life cycle model?
1988
1978
1968
1958

FRIEND # 9

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 06:53:05 PM )

Which of the following transformational strategies involves revision of strategic driving
forces and innovation of mission?
Reconfigure the value stream
Redefine the driving force of the business
Reconstruct the competencies of the business
Redefine the value proposition to the existing or new customers
Ref: Reconfigure the value stream
Reconfiguring the value stream involves making major changes in the positioning of the firm with in
a web of suppliers, partners and/or down stream agents. For example, firms contemplating a value
stream transformational strategy may be able to change, upgrade or develop their suppliers and do
the same with downstream agents.

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 06:54:08 PM )

Identify the minimum requirement of entities by dialectical theories to fill the roles of thesis
and antithesis
Five
Four
Three
Two

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 06:54:33 PM ) Which of the following terms describes "the
tendency of businesses, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world"?
Internationalization
Globalization
Localization
Glocalization
Ref: http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/globalization

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 06:55:11 PM )

Who believed that effective manager is the one who moves the organization forward in
small, logical steps?
Lewin
Quinn
Mintzberg
Lindblom

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 06:55:45 PM )

How many parts are there in organizational structure according to Higgins?
Six
Five
Four
Three

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 06:56:34 PM )

Which of the following is NOT a stage in Kurt Lewin's Model for Change?
Unfreeze
Change
Refreeze
Defrost

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 06:56:49 PM )

Which of the following is a tangible design?
Hierarchical levels
Control systems
Job specialization
Matrix design

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 06:57:50 PM )

Which of the following is NOT a feature of radical change?
It is based on periodic learning
It is relevant at upper echelon of organization
It is long-term based
It is continuous

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 06:59:12 PM )

Which of the following is one of the dimensions of Greiner’s Model?
Age of organization
Development of organization
Flexibility of organization
Adaptability of organization

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 07:01:05 PM )

Which of the following terms describes "selection of strategies from among alternative
courses of action, both for the enterprise as a whole and for every department or section"?
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 07:01:45 PM )

People get into trouble when they do not accept their total selves and try to live up to the
demands of others rather than being themselves. This refers to:
Management by exception
Management by objective
Gestalt phenomenon
Gibbs phenomenon

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 07:03:02 PM )

Identify a term which involves reinforcement of changes made in order to stabilize the new
behaviours.
Refreezing
Unfreezing
Feedback
Resistance

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 07:04:23 PM )

Short term orientation refers to:
Interpretation of things on self reference basis
Favoritism or protection of individuals
Short sightedness
Satisficing behavior of individuals

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 07:05:22 PM )

Which of the following deliberately enacts in an environment for which a stable form of
organization is appropriate?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor
Ref: Defenders
The defender deliberately enacts in an environment for which a stable form of organization is
appropriate. Stability is achieved by the defender’s definition of, and solution to its entrepreneurial
problem.

FRIEND # 10
Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 05:13:06 PM )
What does QMM stand for?
Quality Marketing Management
Quality Management Marketing
Quality Movement Management
Quality Management Movement
Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 05:14:16 PM )
Change agents facilitate the diagnostic phase by gathering, interpreting and presenting
_________.
Solutions
Problems
Data
Alternatives

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 05:15:35 PM )

“Recognizing the need to change but responding in ways that have poor strategic fit with
the business” refers to which of the following difficulties face by companies when they want
to be innovative?
Failure of perception
Inappropriate innovation
Episodic innovation
Steady state innovation

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 05:16:21 PM )

Identify the minimum requirement of entities by dialectical theories to fill the roles of thesis
and antithesis
Five
Four
Three
Two

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 05:17:40 PM )

Introduction of MBO program in an organization in order to enhance productivity level
refers to which of the following?
Missionary phase
Modification phase
Quantum change
Declining phase
Ref: Missionary phase: When organisational member goes through MBO training programme
reads book or article or is in business education programme and tries to introduce the same
in his own organization with at least one high level sponsor in the organization (may be
politically driven as to seek legitimacy and credibility)
Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 05:17:40 PM )
Which of the following change is dramatic and concerted?
Continuous change
Incremental change
Gradual change
Quantum change
Ref: Radical or Transformative changes
Related concepts are quantum change, discontinuous change or radical change. Quantum change is
said to occur when change is both dramatic and concerted.
Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 05:20:22 PM )
Which of the following states is least vulnerable to changes in the firm’s environment?
Stable
Unstable
Neutral
Constant
Ref: The unstable state is the most vulnerable to changes in the firm’s environment, a neutral state
is the most vulnerable, and a stable state vulnerable only to certain environmental changes.

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 05:21:37 PM )

How many parts are there in organizational structure according to Higgins?
Six
Five
Four
Three
Ref: The organization’s structure, according to Higgins consists of five parts:
1. jobs;
2. the authority to do those jobs;
3. the grouping of jobs in a logical fashion, for example, into departments or divisions;
4. the manager’s span of control;
5. and the mechanisms of coordination.

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 05:22:54 PM )

Identify a theory according to which environment selects and decides the validity of
organization form, process and practices to become effective and efficient.
Life cycle theory
Teleological theory
Dialectical theory
Evolutionary theory

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 05:23:47 PM )

Which of the following is an application of evolutionary theories?
Introduction of new management system
Strategic Assumptions Analysis
Quality management movement
Expert system approach

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 05:26:38 PM )

Which of the following is known as revenue centric approach?
Activity centered change
Focus on quantity or numbers
Interconnectedness of various elements
Need to change every thing at once

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 05:27:59 PM )

Which of the following is a major cause of organizational failure among the management-
related factors?
Technological advancements
Dependency on a single customer
Incompetent leadership
Difficulties in obtaining raw material
Ref: Dependency on single supplier should be avoided. In other words a diversified portfolio of
vendors is needed for coping with such danger. Similarly reliance on single customer also becomes
dangerous for organizations.

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 05:28:49 PM )

Identify an approach in which the role of managers’ behavior is destructive rather than
constructive.
Expert system approach
Devil’s advocate approach
Dialectical inquiry approach
External analysis approach

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 05:29:20 PM )

Team building and delegation are part of:
Planning
Human Resource Management
Organizing
Leadership
Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 05:30:23 PM )
Which of the following terms describes "the process of planning, coordinating, and
implementing changes to the information processing production, distribution, and system
facilities"?
Change management
Management
Conflict management
Crisis management
Ref:http://www.mcpressonline.com/programming/change-management/change-
management-the-key-to-successful-projects.html

FRIEND # 11
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 07:32:16 PM ) Total Marks: 1
“Learning that creates stability and culture is different from the learning that enables
organizations to innovate as they encounter changing conditions in both their external and
internal environment.” Which of the following experts gave above mentioned concept?
Schein
Charles
Toffler
Schon

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 07:33:24 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following states is the most vulnerable to changes in the firm’s environment?
Stable
Unstable
Neutral
Constant
Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 07:34:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Which of the following occurs in an organization principally through the competition of
scarce resources and the environment selects entities that best fit the resource base of an
environmental niche?
Variation
Selection
Retention
Deviation
Ref: Selection of organisation occurs principally through the competition of scarce resources and the
environment selects entities that best fit the resource base of an environmental niche.

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 07:36:01 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Goals of an organization are often derived from its:
Strategy
Purpose
Objectives
Mission

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 07:36:51 PM ) Total Marks: 1

According to Hannan and Freeman, the ways of organizing that are defined as right and
proper by both members and relevant sectors of the environment refer to:
Normative Order
Formal structure
Patterns of activity
Span of control
Ref: Normative order- the ways of organizing that are defined as right and proper by both
members and relevant sectors of the environment

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 07:37:56 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the state in which a firm can withstand most environmental changes?
Stable
Unstable
Neutral
Constant

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 07:38:39 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following describes the role of a strategy?
Makes best use of resources
Achieves competitive advantages
Makes profits for the organization
Makes the best products and services

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 07:40:10 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify the word which best describes the analyzer’s adaptive approach?
Balanced
Dynamic
Efficienct
Uncertaint
Ref: The best word to describe Analyzer’s adaptive approach is “balance”

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 07:41:29 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT a stage in Kurt Lewin's Model for Change?
Unfreeze
Change
Refreeze
Defrost

Question # 10 of 20 ( Start time: 07:41:52 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is an organizational culture in which teams are formed to solve
particular problems?
Power culture
Role culture
Task culture
Person culture

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 07:42:26 PM ) Total Marks: 1

According to Greiner, in his five phases of growth model, what type of crisis follows phase 4
(growth through coordination)?
Control crisis
Autonomy crisis
Leadership crisis
Red tape crisis

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 07:43:45 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is the third stage of “Miller & Freisen Model”?
Birth
Growth
Revival
Maturity

Question # 13 of 20 ( Start time: 07:45:08 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following problems describes “differentiation of the organization structure and
processes to accommodate both stable and dynamic areas of operation”?
Administrative
Entrepreneurial
Engineering
Managerial

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 07:46:38 PM ) Total Marks: 1

How many phases or life cycles of a development process are there according to Holmen?
Five
Four
Three
Two
Ref: According to Hollman, organisational change such as MBO can be best understood by viewing
change as systematically moving through distinct developmental stages rather than as either an
evolutionary or revolutionary process. This developmental process consists of three phases or life
cycle: Missionary, Modification and Maturity

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 07:48:00 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of the period of delegation phase?
Long hours of work are rewarded by modest salaries
Incentives, budgets, and work standards are adopted
Accounting systems for inventory and purchasing are introduced
Profit centers and bonuses are used to stimulate motivation
Ref:
PHASE 3: DELEGATION
Next era of growth evolves from the successful application of decentralized organization structure
which exhibits the following characteristics:
• More responsibility is given to the managers of plants and market territories.
• Profit centres, incentives and bonuses are used to motivate managers.
• Top executives at headquarters restrain themselves to managing by exception based on
periodic reports from the field
• Management now focuses on making new acquisitions which can be added to the
corporation as decentralized units
• Communication from the top is infrequent, usually by correspondence? Or telephonic or
brief field visits.

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 07:49:28 PM ) Total Marks: 1

The general or macro environment is a part of organization’s external environment. Identify
other type of organization’s external environment?
The internal environment
The competitive environment
The specific environment
The micro-environment
Ref: Sources of change
Strategic organizational change can emanate from two different sources: change can either originate
from the external environment such as changes in competitors’ actions, government regulations,
economic conditions and technological advances

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 07:50:30 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Introduction of MBO program in an organization in order to enhance productivity level
refers to which of the following?
Missionary phase
Modification phase
Maturity phase
Declining phase

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 07:51:56 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Change management is mostly aligned with:
Marketing
Financial management
Strategic management
Project management

Question # 20 of 20 ( Start time: 07:52:32 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of these best describes restraining forces?
Unfreezing
Negotiation
Refreezing
Resistance to change

FRIEND # 12
Question # 1 of 20 ( Start time: 09:13:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1
Identify a theory according to which environment selects and decides the validity of
organization form, process and practices to become effective and efficient.
Life cycle theory
Teleological theory
Dialectical theory
Evolutionary theory

Question # 2 of 20 ( Start time: 09:14:44 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is NOT a weakness of devil’s advocacy approach?
It gives no solution
It demoralizes managers
It makes managers’ behavior destructive
It focuses on what is going wrong

Question # 3 of 20 ( Start time: 09:16:10 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Merger and acquisition is an example of which of the following?
Strategic change
Process change
Generative change
Adaptive change

Question # 4 of 20 ( Start time: 09:17:29 PM ) Total Marks: 1

When managers make rational choice under certain conditions of risk and cost-benefit
analyses. This process refers to:
Rule following
Problem solving
Decision making
Conflict resolving

Question # 5 of 20 ( Start time: 09:18:20 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following focuses on the choice of technologies and processes to be used for
production and distribution?
Entrepreneurial problem
Engineering problem
Administrative problem
Managerial problem
Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=DkxuKbiESZgC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=%22choice+
of+technologies+and+processes+to+be+used+for+production+and+distribution%22&source
=bl&ots=D8sKFfa290&sig=MUqlW8vGvWaQb5AAEOGk1nbkKdg&hl=en&ei=T-
5TTe6lC4TKswbdm9D2BA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBQQ6AEwA
A#v=onepage&q=%22choice%20of%20technologies%20and%20processes%20to%20be%20
used%20for%20production%20and%20distribution%22&f=false

Question # 6 of 20 ( Start time: 09:18:51 PM ) Total Marks: 1

According to Beckhard & Harris three stages of change management process include:
Unfreeze, change and refreeze
Current state, transition state and future state
Pre-contemplation, contemplation and action
Anticipation, confirmation and culmination

Question # 7 of 20 ( Start time: 09:19:37 PM ) Total Marks: 1

“Formulating policies” is a part of ______________ activity.
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling

Question # 8 of 20 ( Start time: 09:20:50 PM ) Total Marks: 1

How many phases or life cycles of a development process are there according to Holmen?
Five
Four
Three
Two

Question # 9 of 20 ( Start time: 09:22:14 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Identify an approach in which two different groups assigned to the problem and each group
evaluates the other group’s alternatives.
Expert system approach
Devil’s advocate approach
Dialectical inquiry approach
External analysis approach
Ref: http://www.slideshare.net/vineshpathak/decision-making-in-management

Question # 11 of 20 ( Start time: 09:25:02 PM ) Total Marks: 1

As an entity progresses through a necessary sequence of stages or phases, which of the
following depicts the process of change in the entity?
Life cycle theory
Teleological theory
Dialectical theory
Evolutionary theory
Ref: Ref:
http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=s5C3k5G_0KMC&pg=PA202&lpg=PA202&dq=%22nec
essary+sequence+of+stages+or+phases%22&source=bl&ots=E0Tm1LGtFv&sig=O0GoUJKxVc
EGu0XAkQvt-
UuafGY&hl=en&ei=FjZMTaOXKdSAhAeetqTuDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=
1&ved=0CBcQ6AEwAA

Question # 12 of 20 ( Start time: 09:25:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following strategies refers to revolutionary types of change in terms of
strategic management?
Internal development
External development
Incremental development
Gradual development
Ref: Internal refers to slow, gradualism or incrementalist or evolutionary view and the other refer to
revolutionary types of change.

Question # 14 of 20 ( Start time: 09:27:58 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Organizational birth rates and death rates refer to:
Vital rates
Growth rates
Inflation rates
Reduction rates

Question # 15 of 20 ( Start time: 09:28:15 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Cause and effect refers to:
Concept of causality
Concept of change
Concept of adaptability
Concept of selection
Ref: Cause and effect (also written as cause-effect or cause/effect) refers to the
philosophical concept of causality, in which an action or event will produce a certain
response to the action in the form of another event.

Question # 16 of 20 ( Start time: 09:29:41 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of the following is known as an unstable organization?
Defender
Analyzer
Prospector
Reactor

Question # 17 of 20 ( Start time: 09:30:57 PM ) Total Marks: 1

When procedures take precedence over problem solving and innovation is dampened,
which of the following crisis is created?
Control crisis
Autonomy crisis
Leadership crisis
Red tape crisis
Ref: Red Tape Crisis
Lack of confidence and trust between line and staff, and between HQ and field; systems, program
and procedures go beyond their utility, and become end in itself. Line managers resent heavy
directions by staffs, which are unaware of local conditions. Staffs on the other hand complain about
uncooperative and uninformed line managers. Therefore procedure takes precedence over
problem
solving, and innovation is dampened

Question # 18 of 20 ( Start time: 09:32:07 PM ) Total Marks: 1

According to Greiner, in his five phases of growth model, what type of crisis follows phase 1
(growth through creativity)?
Crisis of control
Crisis of autonomy
Crisis of leadership
Crisis of growth

Question # 19 of 20 ( Start time: 09:32:59 PM ) Total Marks: 1

When organizational systems and structures are realigned with the desired behaviours, this
is referred to as:
Refreezing
Unfreezing
Feedback
Resistance
Ref:://highered.mcgraw-
hill.com/sites/0070876940/student_view0/chapter17/multiple_choice_quiz.html

Quiz from web

What do we mean by the term 'strategic change'?

Planned change
The proactive management of change to achieve strategic objectives
An important organisational change
The changes that inevitably result in organisations as they evolve in a changing
environment

Which of the following areas is not one of the four key areas that strategic change seeks to
influence?

Informal organisation structures

Formal organisation structures
 People
Tasks
Technology

Changes in which of the following areas did Tichy identify as the main causes of strategic
change?
i) Environment.
ii) Business relationships.
iii) The organisation's past performance.
iv) Technology.
v) People.

All of the above

ii), iii) and iv)
i), ii), iv) and v)
i), ii) and v)

Who are the three groups of people Kanter, Stein and Jick (1992) identified as being
involved in the change process?

Change strategists, implementers and recipients

Change drivers, neutrals and resistors
Change initiators, drivers and sufferers
Change leaders, planners and agents

Which of the following is not one of the stages in Kurt Lewin's famous three-stage
prescriptive model of change developed in the 1950s?

Moving to a new level

Melting resistance
Unfreezing current attitudes
Refreezing attitudes at the new level

What questionable assumptions underpin the prescriptive approach to strategic change?

Change is unpredictable and discontinuous

Change is an organic and fundamentally about managing culture
Change is a continuous process
Change is predictable, sequential and controllable by management
According to Pettigrew and Whipp's emergent model of change, there are five factors
involved in its successful management. Which of the following is not one of them?

Coherence in the management of change

Internal assessment
Leading change
Environmental assessment
Strategic human resource management
Linking strategic and operational change

Which of the following is not a criticism that can be levelled at the emergent approach to
change?

It assumes environments are turbulent when some may actually be stable

Taking a long-term perspective may be inappropriate when sudden unforeseen changes
are needed
The reliance placed on developing a learning culture may meet with resistance in some
organisations
It underestimates the complexity of managing change and does not allow for the informal
aspects of organisation

Which of the following is not a key stage in the process of strategic change, according to
Beer, Eisenhort and Spector (1990)?

Spread revitalisation to all departments, pushing it from the top

Develop a shared vision of how to organise and manage for competitiveness
Mobilise commitment to change through joint diagnosis of business problems arising from
the change objective
Promote energetic change champions to positions of influence
Institute revitalisation through formal policies, systems and structures
Foster consensus for the new vision, competence to enact it and cohesion to move it
along

Why might individuals resist organisational change?

i) Lack of interest.
ii) Pessimism.
iii) Anxiety.
iv) Irritation.
v) Opposing strategy proposals.
vi) Personal ambitions.

All of the above

ii), iii), v) and vi)
i), ii), and iv)
ii), iv), v) and vi)

Which of the following is not a way of overcoming resistance to change?

Incentives
Using symbols to signify a new era
Involving those who resist in the change process
Communication and discussion
Bullying and harassing people into towing the line

On the subject of change in organisations, who said: "There is nothing more difficult to take
in hand, more perilous to conduct, or more uncertain in its success, than to take the lead in
the introduction of a new order of things"?

Kurt Lewin
Andrew Pettigrew
Niccolo Machiavelli
Rosabeth Moss Kanter

Which of the following is not one of the aspects of political activity noted in the text?

Bribery
Negotiation
Cunning
Discussion
Intrigue

Which of the following is not a key task for those involved in seeking political agreements
over strategic change?

Identify potential and influential supporters and persuade them to support the new
strategy
Build the maximum consensus for the new proposals, preferably prior to any formal
decision meeting
Negotiate any necessary 'side deals' to get people on side
 Seek out potential opposition and attempt to change opinions or, at least, to neutralise
them

Which group in an organisation are the key to successful implementation of strategy,

according to Charles Baden-Fuller and John Stopford?

Change agents
Frontline staff
Middle managers
Senior managers

Which of the following is not one of the three dynamics for strategic change identified by
Kanter, stein and Jick?

Political
Environment
Life-cycle differences
Technology

The learning theory, as developed by Senge, starts from the position that the organisation
should adopt strategic change from the outset.

True
False

Which of the following is not emphasised in the learning approach?

Individual learning
The sharing of views and visions for the future
Systems thinking
People skills

Which of the following is not a part of the six-point plan for strategic change?

Monitor and adjust strategies in response to problems in the revitalisation process

Institute revitalisation through formal policies, systems and structures
Mobilise commitment to change through joint diagnosis of business problems arising from
the change objective
Foster consensus for the new vision, competence to enact it and cohesion to move it
along
Revitalise the marketing department
Develop a shared vision of how to organise and manage for competitiveness
Which of the following will not affect the choice of strategic change programme?

Government policy
Culture
Leadership style
Nature of organisation