Carbon and Its Compounds

Carbon and its Compounds
1. (a) Complete the following equations:
(b) Write the name of the following:

(i) CH3CH2COOH (ii) CH3CH2Br
(c) Draw the electron dot structure of ethene (C2H4).
2. (a) Name the compound CH3CH2OH and identify its functional group.
(b) Give a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
(c) Name the product formed when an organic acid reacts with an alcohol in presence of an acid
catalyst. What is the name assigned to this type of reaction?
3. (a) Name the compound CH3COOH and identify its funcational group.
(b) Give a chemical test to identify this compound.
(c) Name the gas evolved when this compound acts on solid sodium carbonate. How would you
identify this gas?
4. (a) Give a chemical test to distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.
(b) (i) Name the products formed when ethanol burns in air.
(ii) What two forms of energy are liberated on burning alcohol?
(c) Why is the reaction between methane and chlorine considered a substitution reaction?
5. Give reason for the following observations:
(a) The element carbon forms a very large number of compounds.
(b) Air holes of a gas burner have to be adjusted when the heated vessels get blackened by the
flame.
(c) Use of synthetic detergents causes pollution of water.
6. (a) What is vinegar?
(b) Describe with a chemical equation, what happens when sodium hydrogen carbonate reacts with
ethanoic acid.
7. (a) Write the names of the functional groups in:
(b) Describe a chemical test to distinguish between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
(c) Write a chemical equation to represent what happens when hydrogen gas is passed through an
unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of nickel as a catalyst.
8. (a) Why does carbon form compounds mainly by covalent bonding?
(b) List any two reasons for carbon forming a very large number of compounds.
(c) An organic acid ‘X’ is a liquid which often freezes during winter time in cold countries, has the
molecular formula, C2H4O2. On warmong it with ethanol in the presence of a few drops of
concentrated sulphuric acid, a compound ‘Y’ with a sweet smell is formed.
(i) Identify ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved.
9. (a) What is homologous series of compounds? List any two characteristics of a homologous series.
(b) (i) What would be observed on adding 5% solution of alkaline potassium permanganate solution
drop by drop to some warm ethanol taken in a test tube?
(ii) Write the name of the compound formed during the chemical reaction.
(c) How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid on the basis
of a chemical property?
10. (a) What is a functional group in a carbon compound? Identify the functional group present in
CH3COOH and C2H5OH.
(b) State the principle on which the cleansing action of soap is based.
11. (a) What is homologous series? Give one example.
(b) What will happens if ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of an acid as a catalyst?
Name the reaction. Write the chemical reaction for this reaction.
(c) Why are soaps ineffective in hard water?
12. (a) Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions of organic compounds.
(b) With a labelled diagram describe an activity to show the formation of an ester.
13. (a) The structural formula of an ester is
Write the structural formula of the corresponding alcohol and the acid.
(b) (i) Mention the experimental conditions involved in obtaining ethene from ethanol.
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the above reaction.
(c) Explain the cleansing action of soap.
1. The isomeric pair is

(a) ethane and propane(b) propane and butane(c) ethane and ethane(d) butane and 2-methyl propane
2. Which of the following is used to oxidise ethanol to ethanoic acid?
(a) Alkaline KMnO4(b) Conc. H2SO4(c) Acidified K2Cr2O7(d) All of above
3. Which is denatured spirit?
(a) ethanol only(b) ethanol and methanol (50%) (c) ethanol and methanol (5%) (d) methanol only
5. The substnace not responsible for the hardness of water is
(a) Sodium nitrate(b) calcium hydrogen carbonate (c) calcium carbonate(d) magnesium carbonate
6. The by product of soap is
(a) isoprene(b) glycerol(c) butene(d) ethylene glycol
7. Covalent compounds
(a) have high melting and boiling point (b) are mostly soluble in water
(c) are formed between atoms of metals and non-metals
(d) are formed by the sharing of electrons in the bonding atoms.
8. Vinegar is a solution of
(a) 30% � 40% acetic acid in alcohol(b) 5% � 8% acetic acid in alcohol
(c) 5% � 8% acetic acid in water(d) 15% � 20% acetic acid in water
10. Soaps are formed by saponification of
(a) alcohols(b) glycosides(c) simple esters(d) carboxylic acids

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Carbon and its Compounds

1. (a) Complete the following equations:

(b) Write the name of the following:

1. The isomeric pair is

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