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MIDTERM EXAMINATION
Fall 2009
CS301- Data Structures (Session - 5)
Ref No: 885482
Time: 60 min
Marks: 38

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which one of the following is a valid postfix expression?

► ab+c*d-
► abc*+d-
► abc+*d-
► (abc*)+d-

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The tree data structure is a

► Linear data structure

► Non-linear data structure
► Graphical data structure
► Data structure like queue

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

A Compound Data Structure is the data structure which can have multiple data
items of same type or of different types. Which of the following can be considered
compound data structure?

► Arrays

► LinkLists

► Binary Search Trees

► All of the given options

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

 Suppose a pointer has been declared in main but has not assigned any variable
address then

►That pointer points to First byte in main function

►That pointer contains a NULL value

►None of these

►That pointer points to any memory address

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Here is the start of a C++ class declaration:

class foo
{
public:
void x(foo f);
void y(const foo f);
void z(foo f) const;
...

Which of the three member functions can alter the PRIVATE member variables of the foo
object that activates the function?

►Only x can alter the private member variables of the object that
activates the function.
►Only y can alter the private member variables of the object that
activates the function.

►Only z can alter the private member variables of the object that
activates the function.
►Two of the functions can alter the private member variables of the
object that activates the function.

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The operation for removing an entry from a stack is traditionally called:

► delete
► peek
► pop
 ► remove

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which statement of the following statements is incorrect?

► Lists can be implemented by using arrays or linked lists

► A list is a sequence of one or more data items

► Stack is a special kind of list in which all insertions and deletions take place at
one end
► Stacks are easier to implement than lists

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Parameters in function call are passed using,

► Stack

► Queue

► Binary Search Tree

► AVL Tree

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Consider the following sequence of push operations in a stack:

stack.push(’7’);
stack.push(’8’);
stack.push(’9’);
stack.push(’10’);
stack.push(’11’);
stack.push(’12’);

►7 8 9 10 11 12
►9 8 11 10 7 12
►9 10 8 11 12 7
►9 10 8 12 7 11

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

What is the maximum depth of recursive calls a function may make?

►1
 ►2
► n (where n is the argument)
► There is no fixed maximum

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Consider the following function:

void test_a(int n)
{
cout << n << " ";
if (n>0)
test_a(n-2);
}

What is printed by the call test_a(4)?

►42
►024
►02

►24

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Queue follows,

► Last in First out

► First in Last out

► First in First out

► None of these

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

_________ is a binary tree where every node has a value, every node's left subtree
contains only values less than or equal to the node's value, and every node's right subtree
contains only values that are greater then or equal ?
►Strictly Binary Tree
►Binary Search tree

►AVL tree
►All of these

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Four statements about trees are below. Three of them are correct. Which one is
INCORRECT?
►Trees are recursively defined multi-dimensional data structures
►The order of a tree indicates a maximum number of childen allowed at
each node of the tree
►A search tree is a special type of tree where all values (i.e. keys) are
ordered

►If Tree1's size is greater than Tree2's size, then the height of Tree1 must
also be greater than Tree2's height.

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Below is a binary search tree. If we delete the value 50 using the algorithm we discussed,
what value will be in the root of the remaining tree?

► 50
► 60
► 70
► 80

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

_________ is a data structure that can grow easily dynamically at run time without
having to copy existing elements.

► Array

► List
 ► Both of these

► None of these

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 )

Give the names of basic Queue Operations

Ans:
Definition: A collection of items in which only the earliest added item may be accessed.
Basic operations are add (to the tail) or enqueue and delete (from the head) or dequeue.
Delete returns the item removed. Also known as "first-in, first-out" or FIFO.

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 )

Give one benefit of using Stack.

In computer science, a stack is a last in, first out (LIFO) abstract data type and data
structure. A stack can have any abstract data type as an element, but is characterized by
only two fundamental operations: push and pop.the data structure itself enforces the
proper order of calls.

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 2 )

Let’s call the node as a that requires re-balancing. Consider the two cases given
below:
1) An insertion into left subtree of the left child of a
2) An insertion into right subtree of the right child of a.

Which of the following statement is correct about these two cases.

1) The insertion occurs outside (i.e., left-left or right-right) in cases 1 and 2. single
rotation can fix the balance in these two cases.
2) The insertion occurs inside ((i.e., left-left or right-right) in cases 1 and 2. single
rotation cannot fix the balance in these two cases

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 3 )

Consider the following sequence of push operations in a stack:

stack.push(’1’);
stack.push(’2’);
stack.push(’3’);
stack.push(’4’);
stack.push(’5’);
stack.push(’6’);

You can insert as many stack.pop()’s as you like in the above sequence of stack.push’s to
get a desired output. Which of the following cannot be an output?
A. 123456
B. 325416
C. 342561
D. 342615
E. 342165

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 5 )

Give short answers of the following questions:

1. Why List wastes less memory as compared to Arrays.

Ans:
1. Linked lists do not need contiguous blocks of memory; extremely large data sets
stored in an array might not be able to fit in memory.
2. Linked list storage does not need to be preallocated (again, due to arrays needing
contiguous memory blocks).
3. Inserting or removing an element into a linked list requires one data update, inserting
or removing an element into an array requires n (all elements after the modified index
need to be shifted).

Array is a collection of same data type. In linked list there are two field one is address
and other is pointer. In array elements are arranged in a specific order

2. Why we can change the size of list after its creation when we can not do that in
simple arrays.
Some how the answer will be same as part 1 because Inserting or removing an element
into a linked list requires one data update, inserting or removing an element into an array
requires n (all elements after the modified index need to be shifted).

Array is a collection of same data type. The size of array is mentioned with its
declaration. in arrays the elements are in contiguous position. one must after another.
while in linked list we gave the address of next element in the next part of node.

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 10 )

Convert the following infix expression into postfix expressions using stack (Show
complete steps)
1-2 33-(4+5*6)*7
Step Post fix stack
1
 
 
 
 