ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

 This project report is entitled to Employee Relationship with Management

in Nandi Sahakari sakkare karkhane.
 In First thank to internal Guide Mr. L.A. Patil has allowed me to prepare the
project work.
 I wish to extend my sincerely thanks to our collage lecturer
 I am also thankful to employees and all departments to co-operated with
me during the study

And finally I thanks to our principal Prof. L.A. Patil for his support for his
project.
 Index
Sl. NO Contents
1. Executive summary
2. Industry profile
3. Company Profile
4. Introduction to the
study
5. Research
Methodology
6. Data analysis and
interpretation
7. Findings and
Recommendations
8. Conclusion
9. Appendix
 Executive Summary
The Nandi Sahakari Sakkare Karkhane Niyamit Krishna Nagar was register on 5-
5-1982. It got license from central government in the year of 1992 that is with
the capacity of 3500 T.C.D. it is an co-operative society. Factory started its
production in the year of 9-12-1992. The area occupied by this organization is
210 Hectares.

An amount of 2500 Lakhs has been invested to complete this project. The
Authorized Share capital of the Factory is Rs. 16 Corers, the paid up capital Rs.
10, 79,67,000 the Number of share holders is about 11,508/-.

During the first three years organization suffered loss, but it was recovered
very soon in the year 1995-1996 and where the story of profit continued and
now the amount of profit has even raised

Sugarcane is the major crop in our country. Sugarcane is

an important raw material to the sugar. Now a days too many farmers are
enagaged in this sugarcane cultivation.
 Industrial Profile
1.Size of the Industry Totally India has 453 Sugar mills those
Consisting 252 mills from co-operative
sector, and 134 mills from private
sector, and 67 mills in the public
sector.
2.Geographical Distribution Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra,
Karnataka, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and
Andhra Pradesh.
3. Output Per Annum India is largest consumer of sugar and
consumer around 16million tons of
sugar per annum.
4.Market Capitalization Total turnover of Rs 500 Billion per
annum

HISTORY :
Sugar is made from Sugarcane and was discovered from thousands of years
ago in New Guniea. An than route was traced to India and Southeast Asia.
India was the first to begin with the production of sugar following the process
of pressing sugarcane to extract juice and boil it to get crystals. The
government of India in 1950-1951 made serious industrial development plans
has to set money targets for production and consumptions of sugar. These
plans by the sugar industry in its 5 year plans. India is well known as the
original home of sugar and Sugarcane

Indian methology supports the fact it contains legends

showing the origin of sugar cane. Today India is the second largest producer of
sugar cane next to Brazil. Currently there are about 4 million hectares of land
under sugarcane with an average yield of 70 tons per hectare.

India is the largest producer including traditional cane

sweeteners, khandsari, and Gur equivalent to 26 million tons raw value fallowed
by Brazil in the second place at 18.5 million tons. Even in respect of white crystal
sugar, India ranked no.1 position in 7 out of last 10 years.

The traditional sweeteners of India like Gur and Khandsari are

consumed by the mostly rural population of the country. In the early 1930’s
nearly 2/3rd of sugarcane production of alternate sweeteners like Gur and
Khandsari. As Accordingly because of the better standard of living and higher
income’s. The sweeteners demand has shifted to white sugar. Currently1/3rd of
sugarcane production is used by the Gur and Khandsari sectors.

In the year 1930 there was an advent of modern sugar processing

industry in India which was started with grant of tariff protection to the sugar
industry. In the year 1930-31 the number of sugar mills increased from 1.20
lakh tons to 9.34 lakh tons under the dynamic leadership of the private sector.
In the year 1950-51 the era of planning for industrial development began and
government laid down targets of sugar productions and consumption, and
licensed and installed capacity, sugarcane production during each of the 5 yrs.
Plan periods.

India is the largest sugar consumer and second largest producer of

sugar in the world according to USDA foreign agriculture service. Indian industry
has total turnover of Rs. 500 Billion per annum, and contributes almost Rs. 22.5
Billion to central and state exchequer as tax, cress and excise duty every year
according to the source of ministry of food and government of India.
 Brief introduction
Where India stands:

35

30

25

20
Production
15 Consumption

10

0
Brazil EU India China US

Sugar industry is recorded 2nd after textile industry in India as per the agro
processing in the country . The industry currently has 453 operating sugar mills in
different parts of country. Indian sugar industry has always been a focal point for
social – economic development in the rural areas. Today nearly fifty million sugar
cane farmers and a large number of agriculture labors are involved in sugar cane
cultivation and ancillary activities contributing to 7.5% of the rural population.

Indian sugar industry generates power for its own requirement and even
gets surpus power of export to the grid based on by product bagasse. There is
even production of ethanol, an ecofriendly and renewable energy foe blending
with petrol. Sugar companies have been established in a large sugar cane growing
states like – U.P, K.A, M.H, G.J and A.P are 6 states contributing more than 85% of
total production in India. And 57% of total production is together contributed by
utter Pradesh and Maharashtra. Indian sugar industry has been growing
horizontally with large number of small size plants set up throughout India has
opposed to the consolidation of capacity in the rest of the important sugar
producing countries and sellers of sugar, were there is greater concentration on
large capacity sugar plants.

Types of sugar industries in India:

The sugar industries in India has two sectors including organized and unorganized
sector. The sugar factories usually belong to the organized sector and those
producers who produce traditional sweeteners fall into unorganized sector. Gur
and khandsari are the traditional forms of sweeteners.

 Top leading companies:

 Balrampurchini ltd:
 Baja Hindustan ltd:
 Andhra sugars ltd:
 Thiru arooran sugars ltd:
 Dhempur sugars ltd:

 Employment opportunities:
Jobs in Indian sugar industries has been created ample employment
opportunities in India. Today the Indian sugar industry has absorbed about 5
lakh rural people. The cultivation of sugar cane employs about 4.5 crore
farmers which is the first phase of sugar production. Indian sugar mills may be
co-operative, public or private enterprises. The industry today provides
employment to about 2 million skilled/ semi-skilled workers and others mostly
from the rural areas.

People interested foe jobs in sugar industry should be a diploma

holder in mechanical or electronic engineering along with the diploma in sugar
technology. At the entry level one cane except remuneration of Rs 6000-7000
per month, and as with experience increases the pay may go up to Rs 6-15
Lakh per annum. Sugar technologists are usually employed in sugar factories.
Alcoholic or non-alcoholic production plants or sugar research labs. The major
recruiters in the sugar industry are IFFCO and National Federation of co-
operative sugar factories.

Pollution.
The Indian sugar industry comes under the classification of “RED” which
represents highly polluting industries.

Latest Development.
ISEC is successful in capturing new markets with strategic advantage like Sri
Lanka, Pakistan, Russia, Indonesia, etc. There is marvelous achievement for the
first time, Indian white sugar was marketed by ISEC for direct consumption in
Europe while in the past Indian sugar shipped to Europe was diverted to other
destinations. In the year 2000, 10,000MT was exported in container’s for the
direct consumption in the Europe countries.
 Company profile.
 HISTORY OF N.S.S.K
The nandi sahakarisakkarekarkhaneniyamit Krishna nagar, DtBijapur was
registered on 5-5-1982. And the licensed foe 2500 TCD was issued by the central
government in the year 1989. An amount of Rs 2550 lakhs has been invested to
complete this project and started crushing from 9-12-1992. About 200 Acers of
land was purchased foe establishment of the factory.

The name of chief promoter was late Mr. B.T.

Patil. The inauguration of the factory laid by Mr. Venkatasubhaya Governor of
Karnataka and chief guest of the function was late Mr.K.H.Patil. Co-operative
minister of government of Karnataka and factory administer officer was
Mr.T.M.Vijay Bhaskar district commissioner of bijapur.

Recently the statue of late Mr.B.T.Patil the chief

promoter of Nandi shakari sakkare karkhane and late Mr.K.H.Patil on 2nd January
2007 was inaugurated.

OPPORTUNITY:
Three above mentioned factories are old sugar factories and they are having
goodwill in the market, but still Nandi shakari sakkare karkhane niyamit managed
them to earn profit in such competitive environment. There is continuous
increase in the sale of sugar, bagasses, and molasses.
SOME OF THE VALUABLE CUSTOMER OF N.S.S.K
 Pampasa Distilleries, Hospet.
 laxmiNarasima distilleries, Karag.
 Jyoti industries ,hubli.
 Shyandri starch industries, Miraj.
 Campbell Knit Wear, Belgam.
 Ghataprabha Paper mills.
 Satyabhushan Agencies, Bangalore.
 Vitrag Sugar, Bangalore.
 Habib Lateef, Bangalore.
 Laxmi Narayan Company, Hyderabad

The market share of the Nandi shakari sakkare karkhane Niyamit is

about 300c. where as the shares of N.S.mills is about 600c, Godaveri sugar mills is
700c. Hugar sugar mills is 400c, Gokak sugar mills is about 300c, and the shares of
other is about 1600c.
 AUTHORISED SHARE CAPITAL STEACTURE
The authorized share capital of factory is
16crores; there are four types of shareholders, which have been described as
follows

A class shareholders : 5 crores divided in 25000 shares

Rs 2000 each.

B class shareholders : 5 crores divided in 25000 shares

Rs 2000 each.

C class shareholders : 10 crore divided into 50000 shares

Rs 2000 each.

D class shareholders : 50 lakhs divided into 25000 shares

Rs 2000 each.
 Membership and paid-up capital information:
Sl.No PATICULARS NO. OF SHARE AMOUNT
MEMBERS

1. “A” class (GROWERS) 10,664 2,25,78,000.0

2. “B” class (CO- 232 11,48,000.0

OPERATIVE. SOCIETY)

3. “C”class 1 8,28,500.00
(GOVERNMENT.SHARES)

4. “D”class (NON- 13,66,000.00

GROWERS)

TOTAL 11509 10,79,67,000.00

 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF N.S.S.K:
Promote agriculture industry, amongst members on co-operative line by
introducing by modern method of agriculture and by promoting the principle
of co-operative and joint farming methods, so as to achieve best result from
the use of modern techniques.

Main objective of industry are:

 To encourage self-help, & co-operation between the members.

 To acquire the land either by way of sale, lease or foe cultivation of sugar
cane and other crops for erection of building, machinery etc..
 To manufacture good sugar, jiggery and their by-products out of sugar
cane grown and supplied by the member of society and others sell the
same to the best advantages.
 To arrange and run means of transport.
 To purchase and installation of machine and other equipment’s for
manufacture of sugar and other products.
 To enter into contract with co-operative and other agencies for the
purchase and sales.
 To do such other things those are incidentals to necessary for
establishments and running the factory.
 To install machinery for utilization of by-products and buy raw-materials
and sell finished products in the course of utilization and marketing the
by-products.
 To encourage raising food and cash crops in the area where sugar cane is
not grown.
 To under taken subsidiary and allied industries which are conductive to
development and benefit of the society.
Departments in this sugar factory:
 Engineering departments.
 Time office department.
 Manufacturing departments.
 Store-vehicle department.
 Co-generation department.
 Sales department.
 Purchase department.
 Staff and workers department.
 Share selection department.
 Account selection department.
 Cane department.
 Civil office department.

Employees facilities in this organization:

 Hospital, (ambulance).
 Fire station.
 Salary , (Bonus 2014-15=30%
2015-16=21%).
 School, (Nandi International Residential School).
 Helmet.
 Hand glues.
 Spect.
 Banking (Nationalized Bank).
o *Indian Bank.
o *Syndicate Bank.
 (Banking Sector).
 *SahakariSangha.
 *consumer Banking & credit employee.
 Mask.
 Quarters (Rooms).
 TIME SHIFTS.
First shift 4 a.m. to 12 noon

Second shift 12 noon to 8 p.m.

Third shift 8 p.m. to 4 a.m.

General shift 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.

Share selection.
This selection has got full responsibilities related to the matter of shares it may
be anything, but it should related to shares. It is the department where the
account of shares is maintained.

There are some basic procedures to be

followed before becoming the member of the company, which is as follows.

 First of all the applicants should fill the form which is available in this
section.
 The application of the applicant is taken to the notice of the board of
directors, they will decide whether the applicant is eligible to be
shareholder or not.
 After the decision of the board of directors, if the applicant is eligible to
become a shareholder then he has to pay for the share in cash counter of
the company.
  After the final approval of board of directors is taken.

There are four types of shares of the company, as given below.

“A” Class shares – Grower members

“B” Class shares – Co-operative institution

“C” Class shares – State Govt.

“D” Class shares – non-grower members

There is no free transferability of shares, if shareholders wants

to transfer his share he has to transfer it to such a person who is already a
member of the company, if he somehow manage to transfer it to a nonmember
then it will not be valid and share will be cancelled.

There are workers in this section who maintain these records

and keep contact with the members or shareholders on behalf of the company,
two types of book are maintained in these departments which are as follows.

Share Ledger: share ledger show the share sold and the total amount paid by
particular member.

Share member: this book shows the details about the registration & register of
the member.
 Staff and workers.
About 659 workers are working in this factory, they have implanted third wage
scale and provided fund is paid as per provident fund Act.

Residential quarters have been constructed foe the workers, these quarters are
divided into six kinds i.e. A, B, C, D, E & F. “A” is meant for chairmen and managing
directors, “B” is for top management officer’s like superintendent etc.

“C” and “D” has been allotted to administrative staff, “E” is being reserved for
supervisor and technicians lastly “F” is allowed to labor.

Primary school was started on 1-7-1999 for the

education of the children of the workers. The building is far away from the factory
to avoid the disturbance for children’s.

Medical facility is also available to the members of the

mill and their family hospital has been started and workers compensation policy
have been started to cover the risk which may rise while working in the factory.
 Total number of workers

Section total Employee’s

Engineering 263

Manufacturing 141

Cane department 106

Administration 66

Civil 21

Time office 10

Vehicle 31

Store 21

Total= 659
 Time section.
This is another section under administrative department, this section works
for 24 hours in a day which is divided into 3 shifts each shift of 8 hours.

This section is maintain the attendance of the employee depending

upon total attendance for the period of salary for the respective employee is
decided, it shows each and everything which is related to workers and
department in which he worked and his attendance in that department and his
salary record etc..

This department is also responsible for the dress (uniform)

Neatness and time of coming and going of an employee.

The following are some register maintained in this department:

 Attendances register.
 Salary register.
 Leave register.
 Absent register.
 Employee record file.
 Account section.
This is one of the main sections in administrative department. It maintains all the
record of the transaction and makes the entries. Accordingly; this section is only
meant to deal with monetary transactions and maintain profit and loss account,
balance sheet such books. In this section other two section comes which are as
follows:

A. Cane account section.

B. General account section.

Cane account section:

This section is meant to maintain all the records related to the
dealing cane, it means purchase and sell if it is there, all together there are 9
members in this section.

General account section:

All transactions other than transactions related to cane are dealt by this
department, the transaction includes payment of sales tax, income tax and all
such type of things. There are 8 members in this section.

Different types of register which are maintained in this section are as follews:

 Advance register. Depositors register.

 Expenses register. Fixed asset register.
 Bank register. Store supply.
 Contract register. Cane suppliers.
 Factory Analysis.
Under production there two department i.e. engineering department and
manufacturing department.

Engineering Department:
It is the main department is the factory, in this department all the work related to
engineering take place that is unloading, sugarcane kicking, crushing, pressing and
boiling of water etc.

The various sections in the department are as follows:

 Weight bridge section.

 Milling section.
 Boiler section.
 Bagasse’s section.
 Workshop.
1.Weight bridge section:
In this section the weight of the vehicle are taken, the main purpose of
weighing the vehicle is to find out the weight of sugar, molasses and
bagasse’s etc. loaded on the vehicle .
Records maintained in this section :
Sugar register- in and out going.
Molasses register-in and out going.
Bagasse’s register- in and out going.
The capacity of bridge is limited to 40
tons only; it has got three types of platform meant for different vehicle.

For carts – 10mts in length.

For tractor – 14mts in length.
For truck - 12mts length.
 In this section totally 10 employee are working per shift and each employee
has got different work life.

1. Assistant cane yard supervising.

2. Quality checking.
3. Diesel indent writer.
4. Platform attainder.
5. Clerk.

2. Milling section.
It is next where come after Weight Bridge, the step under this section:

A. Unloading of sugar cane by cranes.

B. Sugar cane is then fed in feeder table.
C. From feeder table then put into cane carrier.
D. From crane carrier the sugar cane comes to cane level where the cane is cut
into level, from this the cane is passed to freezer.
E. From freezer the cane is sent for crushing and from there it is sent to
pressing.
F. After pressing it comes to main bagasse’s carrier.

The full above cane process is known as preparation of cane,

and in this section 20 workers per shift are employed for this process.
3. Boiling section.
Boiler is one of the main apparatus of the production of sugar cane : it
is used to generate steam.

The process goes like this, the water is filled in

the boiler and heated with the help of coal, wood or bagasse’s the so
generated steam are used to generate power for the factory operation.

Nandi SahakariSakkareKareKarkhaneNiyamit doesn’t depend

on the KPTCL, for the supply of power they generate on their own and have a
power station.

They have got sufficient generators of power to carry on their

work, so that their work doesn’t get stopped in the way. The temperature
required is 3800 to 150c. some log books are maintained in this section which
record information like:

Steam produced.

Water used for producing steam per shift.

4. Bagasse’s:
It is one of the basic raw materials used in boiler heating water.
After the pressing process of sugar cane juice and bagasse’s are separated. The
juice goes to boiler house and bagasse’s go to outside production unit through
the bagasse’s chain depending upon the requirements the bagasse’s is taken
from that chain and the remaining is left outside for preparation of bagasse’s
bundle.
5. Work shop:
It is another section in engineering department, the main function of
the work shop is to repair the machinery and take care of them. This
department is also maintains the stock of spare parts such as nuts, bolts, etc
for machinery, machine in work shop are as follows.

 Leathe machine.
 Drilling machine.
 Shaing machine.
 Cutting machine.

There are 16 workers working per shift in this department, they working if this
section is divided into three shift plus one general shift, jobs in this section are as
given below:

Turner.

o Mini store keeper.

o Work shop fitter.
o Driller.
o Welder
o Hammer man.
o Helper.
 Manufacturing department:
This is the second department under the head of production, as the name suggest
that here manufacture of sugar takes place, as in engineering here also some
section which are as follows.

 Weighing of raw juice.

 Juice heating.
 Sulphilation tank.
 Clarification.
 Filtration.
 Evaporator.
 Pan boiling.
 Centrifugation.
 Gradation.
 Bagging.

1. Weighing of raw juice:

Before sending the raw juice to process house, it has to
weight in order to exercise the chemical control and making material balance for
efficient control of the process.

2. Juice heating:
It is the second process in this step; the raw juice is heated and is
converted to clear juice, to the raw juice treated juice and clear juice the required
temperature is 70c 120c and 110c respectively in the boiling house.

3. Sulphitation tank:
It is the third step in this process. The raw juice is added with lime and
sulphur gas and is mixes properly. 6.3 – 7.0= P.H. sulphur, 10-11 =P.H lime.
 Then the raw juice will be called as sulphur juice which is heated at
temperature 105c to 110c.

The sulphur juice received from the forms the mill will be
colored turbid fluid, rendered forth by entangled air. The color varies from light
grey to dark green; depending upon the non-sugar constituents is generally
derived from the matter in the cane stalk. The coloring matter is derived from soil
and extrados matter received with the sugar cane.

4. Clarification:
In this process through the vacuum filter the mud particles and
the juice filtration takes place

5. Filtration:
Duty: - to filter the settled mud of clarified and recover as much as
sugar as possible by desugarisation of the cake on the drum by application of
water.

Equipment: - filtration of mud juice is done under vacuum in rotary

vacuum filter its main function is to separate is to separate the pure juice and
bagasse. The pure juice is immediately sent to storage section for further process.

6. Evaporator:
The clarified juice coming out of clarifier 7.0 ph. And 125-150 brix is
concentrated to syrup having 60-65 brix. The concentration of clear juice from its
initiate’s brix up to syrup stage is done in multiple effect evaporators.
Stages of evaporation:-

A.1st body evaporator:

It collects the over flow juice from the vapor cell body. The water level in that
juice reduced by heating under pressure of steam i.e. 2 to 5 pound.

b.2nd body evaporator:

It collects the juice from the first body evaporator and the juice is boiled here to
make it solid.

c.3rd body evaporator:

in this evaporation the solid paste is collected to pure solid. It will be more solid
compared to the 2nd body evaporator.

d.4th body evaporator:

it require 25 inch vacuum boiling of juice the juice becomes more soils compared
to 3rd body evaporator. It gives 45-60 syrups brix. The solid form of sugar is than
again passed to sulphur tank.

7. Pan section:
The object of pan boiling is to obtain maximum amount of sugar from
syrup through crystallization by concentration under vacuum in vacuum pans. Just
like any other heat exchange a pan will have separate jacket for steam or heating
vapor, space for circulation of molasses/syrups being concentrated and adequate
space allowance for the generated vapors and splashing of sugar or juice particles.

Pan capacity based on massecuite:

A- Massecuite:-

Seed magma is taken from dry seed crystallized, syrups should be

golden i.e. of 50 to 54 P.H. syrup brix should be checked often and the brix should
not be less than 60 brix.
 The c-machine separate’s the final molasses from boiled juice by 1st wash only.
After the 2nd wash c-light molasses comes up ward to storage tank. They maintain
the purity of final, molasses up to 28% to 30%.

8.Centrifugation:
They syrup generally subject to 3 stages to prepare A, B and C massecuite.
The massecuite are centrifuged to separate the grains and mother liquor. High
grade i.e. A-massecuite is cured is vertical batch by automatic or semi-automatic
recycle machine with applicants of super-heated water wash or hot water wash
and steaming. Heavy and light, molasses are separated and stored separately.
Efficient separation of heavy and light molasses is very important for proper pan
boiling and quality of sugar.

9.Gradation:
Gradation is the last process in the manufacture of sugar. It collect the
totally mixed sugar from centrifugal section through hipper and sugar passes from
it to each elevator. Sugar is lifted to a grade part from there grader part will
separate the by grade wise. It has two types grades.

*M – Grade.

*S – Grade.

M – 30=Big crystal.

S – 30 a = medium crystal.

S – 30 b = very small crystal.

Air conditioning machine is used to cool the sugar. Nearly

3500 bags per day of sugar are produced. Each shift will produce 1000 to 1200
bags. For the whole process nearly 500 to 550 worker working shift waise.
10.storage (bagging):
After bagging the sealed bags are sent to godowns for storage through
machine.

Molasses:-
The industry has 4 tanks for storage of molasses. 3 tanks have a capacity of
14000 tons and one tank has capacity of 1600 tons. Molasses is directly collected
from the factory to the tanks through the pumps and dumps in distant areas.

Godown section:-
The industry has 8 godowans with capacity of sugar. After receiving the
delivery note from the marketing department they releases the sugar bags as
mentioned to their concerned party.

The record books maintained:

Record and register book.

Stock account R. G. 1 day

Daily delivery.

Weekly delivery.

Monthly delivery.

Register of daily sugar house production per shift.

Capacity of godowans:

Capacity of godowns. No. of. God owns.

80,000 in qntls. 3
1, 00,000 in qntls. 4
2, 00,000in qntls. 1
Purchase section:-
It is also an important section in administrative department in performing
the activities of marketing. In this section there are 2 employees.

One is purchase manager and other is purchase assistant.

The purchase manager receives the purchasing order from various

section of the factory. The purchase manager estimates the cost of purchase. If
the cost of purchase is between Rs. 10,000/- and 15,000/- direct approval is made
by the purchase manager. If the cost of purchase is above Rs. 20,000/- the
purchase is kept in front of purchase committee. The committee is headed by the
chairman and vice chairman and committee has four directors. The committee
decides whether to sanction or not. The quotation is received from the sellers and
presented to the committee and the quotation giving the lowest prize is selected.
The committee will also decide the mode of payments i.e. through bank,
installment or advance etc. After all these formalities the purchase manager will
place the purchase order for the selected quotation. In this manner the purchase
takes place.

The documents used in this section are:

*Local purchase order.

*Enquiry pad.

*Main purchase order.

*comparative pad.