UNOFFICAL NORWEGIAN ARMY IN THE POPULAR TEAM YANKEE RULE SET

Norway has been included in these lists to complete the Northern Nations in AFNORTH. The Royal Norwegian Army adds
another interesting force into the Team Yankee Rule Set stable. Like Denmark and other Scandinavian Countries the Army had a
small standing or regular contingent that was supplemented by Reservist soldiers in time of war. The army was based on the
brigade system. During conflict it was proposed to form 3 active Divisions. Norway also had 17 Local Defence Districts to
coordinate Home Guard units in case of invasion. It was planned that Norway would fight a defensive war at home with the help
of NATO rapid reaction units such as the British 3 Commando Brigade.

The Army consisted of 19,000 regulars with 146,000 reservists. Like Denmark they were short of Armoured Vehicles to
completely modernise the army into a Mechanised fighting force. The budget had been increased but the war materials had not
yet been secured to convert the Brigades into fully motorised units. Norway had to main formations the more modern Type 90
Brigade, Brigade North incorporating the Regulars, the other two Type 90, Brigade South and 12​th​ Brigade and all the Type 78
Brigades manned by Reservists with a small contingent of regulars.

The Army had a small Modern tank park of the German Leopard 1A1NO, the US Made M48A5 also with a 105mm main gun and
the NM116 highly modified Chaffee tanks using a 90mm gun and NM142 Rakettpanserjager TOW2 in the Mechanised Anti-Tank
Squadrons. Armoured Battalions had fully Mechanised Infantry using the M113 battle taxi; the type 90 Infantry Battalions used
Scania P93 Medium Trucks. Type 78 Brigades only had enough transports to move one battalion at a time. Self Propelled Artillery
used the M109 155mm, the Field Artillery the M114 155mm Howitzer and the Light Artillery Battalions the M101 105mm
Howitzer. Type 90 Battalions used both the 107mm mortar in an M106 APV and also 81mm Mortars in M125 APV’s. Type 78
Battalions 81mm Mortars towed by Dodge WC51 Light Trucks. Type 90 Battalions used the NM142 Rakettpanserjager TOW2,
Type 78 Battalions the 106mm RL mounted in Dodge WC51 Light Trucks.

Infantry companies in the Norwegian Army comprised a HQ Platoon and three Infantry fighting Platoons. Each platoon was
made up of a HQ Section and 3 Squads of 10 or 12 men each. The Squad in a Mechanised Infantry Platoon Had a two man Carl
Gustav Recoiless Rifle Team, A two man GPMG (MG3) team and 6 G3 Riflemen. The Infantry Squad had an extra G3 riflemen and
an NCO with a sub-machine gun. The Squads also Carried two LAW one shot Anti-Tank weapons. Mechanised Reconnaissance
Squadrons had three Reduced Platoons of two mechanised infantry squads each. Like Denmark, Norway had not yet introduced
the Milan Missile into their Infantry.

This list does not include the British 3 Commando Brigade, the Netherlands 1​st​ Marine Group, the US marine Amphibious
Brigade, the Canadian 5​th​ Mechanised (Cast) Brigade or the elements of the ACE Mobile Force Land. These forces desire Army
Lists in their own right. This document covers the two main Norwegian Brigade Types of the Royal Norwegian Army, Type 90 and
Type 78 only.

Northern Norway
August 1985

Alv was relaxing after his squad had dashed to the cross roads at the foot of the hills. The motorcycles were idling, Jens his squad
leader was sipping on his water bottle, Klaus wanted a smoke and Olaf was chewing on a chocolate biscuit he had stashed in his
top pocket. ‘OK guys we wait for the squadron to catch up now. Let’s have some coffee.’ They moved off the road into the tree
line and turned off their engines. ‘Klaus, take up a guard position closer to the crossroads, break out the coffee Olaf, Alv find
some wood to make a fire.’ They all moved quickly and professionally to their tasks. Jens began to create a hidden fire pit with
his trenching tool.
Within minutes a fire was going and the coffee pot was filled and slowing percolating. ‘God i love the smell of fresh coffee’ Jens
said to no one in particular. Klaus was checking the approach roads using his field glasses, it was very idyllic. You could smell the
spruce trees and wild flowers on the breeze. Summer here was never hot but today it was warm. Klaus took off his helmet and
placed it on the ground next to his G3 rifle took out a biscuit and savoured the taste. He looked up again, placed the field glasses
to his eyes and looked off east down the road towards the hills. Did he see movement? He kept his gaze on the road and the
trees surrounding it. He saw movement around 500 metres on the south side, but who or what could it be?
Klaus whistled once, a high shrill. His squad mates all looked up at once grasping their weapons. What could Klaus possibility
have seen? The three men moved in a crouch keeping their movement hidden. ‘Klaus, Klaus what is it?’ Jens asked quietly. Klaus
continued to watch the road. Then he saw them. Soviets? How the Hell had Soviets got here? He dropped a finger to his lips.
Kept his field glasses trained on the road and indicated two enemies in the direction of the hills using sign? ‘Soviets, is he sure!’
Jens whispered to the others.
Klaus slipped down into a prone position, put his field glasses down and slowing and quietly clicked his G3 to automatic. Slowly
he lifted the weapon to his shoulder and took aim. The other squad members moved covertly to firing positions amongst the
trees ensuring a good gap was between them, their training kicking in. Klaus’s hands were sweating, his heart was racing and he
blinked to clear his eyes. 300 metres. Still not a good target. These guys were good, dam it. Like his companions the Soviets had
been well trained and used the terrain to their advantage. Each carried the AK47 and then he realised they were clothed in
Paratrooper uniforms.
Jens indicated that he should wait, hold his fire. They all waited. Birds began to sing, it sounded so strange. Klaus’s focus never
wavered as he concentrated on the approaching enemy. 200metres, the first Soviet stopped, took up a kneeing firing position
and scanned his surroundings. He signalled for his comrade to come closer and he ran across to the northern edge of the road,
stopped behind a tree and also took up a firing position. They were taking no chances.
Time pasted, maybe a minute, nobody, Norwegian or Soviet moved. Both were watching for any sign of movement, none could
be seen. Then the kneeing Soviet crouched moving into the tree line. He appeared 50 metres closer as his partner remaining in
position. This really was not going to be easy. Klaus was breaching slowing with deep breaths; he had not moved a muscle since
taking aim, lying on the damp grass he could feel a cramp coming on in his left leg. He could not wait much longer. The Left hand
Soviet now moved. Again he used the tree line to cover his approach. When level with his fellow scout he stopped and pointed
his AK in Klaus’s direction. Jens signed to be ready, fire on my mark. Klaus and Alv to take the Furthest Soviet, He and Olaf the
Soviet about to move.
Klaus was imaging why and how these Soviets had got to his homeland. His Father had fought the Nazi’s in World War 2 as a
resistance fighter in these very hills. He never spoke about combat. Klaus was ready to die for his Homeland but not here, not in
some petty engagement. He would make every shot count. The Soviets had not spoken once, they moved with care and
procession, as if they had actual combat experience unlike him and the squad. He moved, back into the trees but this time
heading directly towards Jens and Olaf, Rap-a-Tap-Tap, Jens fired, Olaf joined in. Klaus fired on instinct, Alv with him. The tree
his target was standing behind burst into fragments, bark showering in all directions.
One of the Soviets screamed, he had been hit but AK bullets rained down on Klaus, he ducked away from them. Jens and Olaf
had already moved, Olaf to the fallen enemy, Jens to a new firing position trying to flank the remaining Soviet. Klaus reloaded,
rose, took aim and fired again. The Soviet Paratrooper had turned to meet Jens treat exposing him when Klaus’s bullets found
their target, he fell dropping his rifle. Alv and Klaus rose also and with Jens ran to the paratrooper. He was dead. Olaf shouted,
‘Hey this one’s alive.’ Alv stayed and checked the paratrooper laying dead in the grass for information. Walking slowly they made
their way back to the live Para.
Olaf spoke Russian and asked the Para who he was, what he was doing here and his unit. He just looked at them blankly. ‘OK
search him.’ Jens ordered. Klaus moved quickly to do so, Olaf having already disarmed him. He had a map case that he removed,
opened and started to look at. ‘Jens, this is gold dust, take a look.’ The case contained a series of maps of the area to the west.
They had highlighted areas within 5 kilometres of the crossroads. Jens realised they were drop zones. Drop Zones. Shit an air
assault. The date was today. They would land today. These guys were pathfinders. Jens turned to Olaf, ‘Get this to the Squadron
commander now.’ Closing the case and handing it over.
Olaf ran back towards the motorcycles hidden just to the south of them. ‘Right let’s get his guy up.’ Alv was now standing
alongside Jens and he pointed his G3 directly at the Soviet. ‘Move Ivan,’ waving his rifle. Slowly with the wounded man, they
made their way back to their bikes, the coffee was boiling over. ‘What now Jens?’ Klaus asked. Jens scratched his head. ‘We stay,
we follow orders.’ Olaf was racing down the road back towards squadron. ‘What do we do with him?’ Klaus pointed at the Para.
‘Tie him up. Bandage his wound. I’ll take care of the coffee.’

TYPE 90 AND TYPE 78 INFANTRY BRIGADES

NATO’s armies were standardising their brigade and battalion organisations. The Royal Norwegian Army was very similar to the
Royal Danish Army except for the equipment or vehicles used within the organisation. The Norwegians unlike the Danes and
Dutch had not fully mechanised or motorised their Infantry Battalions and their Tank complement was smaller than any of the
other members of NATO when compared to the size of their forces. They also lacked modern Infantry Missile Systems in 1985.

The Brigades had the following organisations:

The type 90 brigade was the most modern in the Norwegian Army, Brigade ‘North’, Brigade ‘South’ and the 12​th​ Brigade having
these formations. The Artillery Battalions used the fully tracked American supplied M109/155mm.
The three Artillery Battalions shown above are assigned to different Brigades; the M109/155mm Self-Propelled (SP) Field
Artillery Battalion was used by the 5​th​, 14​th​ and 15​th​ Brigades. The Field Artillery Battalions equipped with the M114 155mm
Howitzer towed by the DAF 616 Six-Tonne Tracker by the 6​th​ and 13​th​ Brigades and the Light Field Artillery Battalion equipped
with the M101/105mm Howitzer towed by the Scania 93 Tracker by the 1​st​, 3​rd​, 7​th​,8​th​ and 1​st​ Brigade ‘Vestlandet.’

ARMOURED (TANK) BATTALIONS – TYPE 90 BRIGADE

Norway in 1985 only had three Armoured Battalions all in the Type 90 Brigades. The 12​th​ Brigade and Brigade North had two
Squadrons each of 13 Leopard 1A1NO, with a HQ of one Tank giving each Battalion 27 tanks. Brigade South Had a Battalion of 3
Squadrons or a Battalion Strength of 40 M48A5 Patton Tanks with 13 tanks per Squadron and a Battalion HQ of one Tank. There
was also two Independent Squadrons each of 13 tanks, one in the Posanger (Ostlandet) Defence District and another in the
Akershus Defence District both equipped with 13 Leopard 1A1NO Tanks.

The Battalion Organisation is:

The Armoured Squadrons of a Type 90 or 78 Brigade use:

The Home Guard Recce Platoon has been included as an option to give the Squadron local knowledge of the battlefield. An
Independent Tank Squadron, of 4 platoons excluding the HQ tank may be added to a Mechanised Infantry Company of a
Mechanised Battalion as a formation choice.

ARMOURED BATTALION, MECHANISED INFANTRY COMPANY

The Mechanised Company of the Armoured Squadron was equipped to keep up with and also support the flanks of the tank
Squadrons. The Company could also hold ground if called upon. The Infantry transports NM135 Stormpanservogn’s 20mm
auto-cannon’s dual use as an anti light armoured vehicle weapon and anti-helicopter weapon gave the company the extra
firepower they needed against a Soviet mechanised threat. As with the tank squadron a Home Guard Recce Platoon is an option.
This option cannot be used if the tank squadron of the same army has already chosen this option.

MECHANISED ANTI-TANK SQUADRON

The Mechanised ANTI-Tank Squadron was the Anti-Tank element of both the Type 90 and Type 78 Infantry Brigades.

The Norwegian Army’s lack of funds following World War 2 and into the cold war period meant that they had to make the most
of their assets. The US supplied M24 Chaffee light tanks by the 1960’s were unfit for purpose against the Soviet MBT’s. In the
1960’s it was decided that the M24’s had to be totally upgraded rather than purchase new assets. This would mean new
armaments, a new power train and an advanced fire control system. These improvements would change the role of the tank into
that of an anti-tank role with newer MBT’s being brought in.

The trails of the new prototype in January 1973 and over the next few months saw the tank accepted for production and
acceptance into the new Mechanised Anti-Tank Squadrons. Thune-Eureka, a Norwegian Engineering company was selected to
produce the new tank as the main contractor. The main selected was the French D-925 90mm. The light construction of the tank
meant a low muzzle velocity was required so as not to damage the turret ring and gun mounting and a heat round was selected
as the main projectile. The crew was reduced from 5 to 4 by redesigning the turret completely and doing away with the bow
gunner position. A .50 cal co-ax machine gun was also included. The Laser Rangefinder, Simrad LV3 fire control system was
selected.

A new Detroit 6V53T six cylinder diesel engine with an Allison MT 650/653 6 speed gear box, a new cooling system made the
tank more reliable. New radios were fitted bringing the tank up to date and ready for its role as the new NM-116 Panserjager.

Completing the squadrons complement was the NM142 Rakettpanserjager based on the M113 battle taxi. The turret carrying
the M220 TOW2 ATGM was similar to the Canadian M113 Tow and the Swiss Panzerjager 90 turrets. The NM142 was also armed
with a 7.62mm M3 AA machine gun. Together these vehicles made up for the lack of modern infantry ATGM’s in the Infantry
Companies.

The company was organised as follows:

MECHANISED RECONNAISSANCE SQUADRON

The Mechanised Reconnaissance Squadron was again used by both the Type 90 and Type 78 Infantry Brigades.

The Squadrons during the winter months would replace their M113 of a Type 78 or the M135/20mm Stormpanservogn of a Type
90 Infantry Brigade with a Hagglunds Bv-202 Arctic Warfare Vehicles and the Mercedes 240G Jeep with All Terrain Motorcycles.
The light Recce Platoon may also replace the Mercedes 240G Jeep with Motorcycles in the summer months. The Squadron was
again used to scout ahead of the Brigade finding the enemy. The Heavier Platoon could hold ground if required and was armed
with light anti-tank weapons. Once they had found the enemy the Squadron would report their position and withdraw back to
the main fighting units of the brigade.

The Recce Platoons are Scouts when the infantry are mounted inside the vehicles. When the Infantry dismount, this attribute is
lost.

Their organisation is:

MECHANISED ANTI-AIRCRAFT COMPANY

The Mechanised Anti-Aircraft Company of a Type 90 Brigade may only be used in a force containing all Type 90 units. The
Company is equipped with SAM missile and 40mm Bofors Anti-Aircraft Guns towed.

ANTI-AIRCRAFT COMPANY

The Anti-Aircraft Company of a Type 78 Brigade uses the Towed 20mm Auto-cannon. The Mechanised Anti-Aircraft Company of
a Type 78 Brigade may only be used in a force containing all Type 78 units. The organisation is:

TYPE 90 AND 78 INFANTRY BATTALIONS

The Infantry Battalions of the Type 90 and Type 78 Brigades was the main fighting units of the Royal Norwegian Army. Type 90
had 4 Companies in the Battalion, a Type 78 only 3 Companies. The main difference between these battalions and those of front
line NATO Nations was the lack of modern long Range Anti-Tank missiles in their formations. They relied on the Tank Squadrons
and Anti-Tank Companies to support them if being faced by Soviet or Warsaw Pact Armoured formations. The inclusion of the
Multi-National Brigades into their Division and Corps formations in time of War would make all the difference when defending
their Homeland from invasion.

The basic Battalion formations are:

INFANTRY COMPANY’S

The Infantry Company was the core formation for holding ground in the Infantry Battalions. The Company had a HQ Platoon and
4 Rifle Platoons. They were armed in the same way as the Mechanised Companies. A Platoon had a HQ Section and 3 Squads of
12 men each. The Squad in an Infantry Platoon had a two man Carl Gustav Recoiless Rifle Team, A two man GPMG (MG3) team,
7 G3 Riflemen and a sub-machine gunner. The Squads also Carried two LAW one shot Anti-Tank weapons.

The Company organisation of the Type 90 and Type 78 Battalions being:

BATTALION HQ OPTIONAL RULE

When choosing an army, each company is considered a force in its own right in the game. If a Battalion HQ is used
for the point’s values shown below, multiple companies are considered as a single force. To use a Battalion HQ two
companies of the same type (Mech Infantry, Tank etc) must be incorporated into the army. The Battalion command
team and his 2iC are then considered as the force commanders and company command teams may only influence
their own company’s troops with their morale or skill levels. The HQ is considered as a platoon for deployment
purposes but will not count as a platoon lost during the game or towards Army Strength during a game when
considering if the army is in good spirits.

DIVISIONAL OR ARMY LEVEL SUPPORT

An Army may also choose from the following units as Divisional support and THEY will not count as lost platoons or
towards Army Strength during a game when considering if the army is in good spirits.
NORWEGIAN TROOPS AND EQUIPMENT RATING

Land
Regulars or Reservists Home Guard
HQ Platoons Platoons
Courage 3+ 4+ 4+
Skill 3+ 4+ 5+
Morale 3+ 4+ 4+
Assault 4+ 4+ 4+
Remount 3+ 3+ 4+
Counter Attack 3+ 4+ 4+
Is Hit on A 4+ 4+ 3+

Leopard 1A1NO
The leopard 1A1NO Tank has the same stats as the German Leopard 1 shown in the BF Book Leopard on page 30 of the
publication.

M109 155mm Self-Propelled (SP) Artillery

The M109 155mm Artillery has the same stats as the German M109G shown in the BF Book Leopard on page 23 of the
publication.

M48A5 Patton Tank

‘TANK UNIT, INFRA-RED (IR)’
ARMOUR Front 12 Side 6 Top 2
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 14”/35cm Cross Country Dash 24”/60cm Road Dash 28”/70cm
Cross 3+
0.30 cal Co-ax MG, 0.50 cal AA MG, Stabiliser, Laser Range Finder, Smoke
Main Gun 105mm L7A3 Range 40”/100cm ROF Halted 2 Moving 1 AT 20, FP 2+

NM 116 Super Chaffee

‘TANK UNIT, INFRA-RED (IR)’
ARMOUR Front 6 Side 3 Top 1
MOVEMENT Tactical 14”/35cm Terrain Dash 20”/50cm Cross Country Dash 32”/80cm Road Dash 32”/80cm
Cross 3+
Main Gun 90mm D-925 Range 28”/70cm, ROF Halted 2, Moving 2 AT 16 FP 3+
HEAT, 0.30 cal Co-ax MG, 0.50 cal MG, Smoke, Advanced Stabiliser, Laser Range Finder, Smoke

ANTI-TANK 106mm TL AT MB-240G JEEP

‘TANK UNIT, INTRA-RED (IR)’
ARMOUR Unarmoured
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 14”/35cm Cross Country Dash 20”/50cm Road Dash 28”/70cm
Cross 4+
Main Gun M40 106mm Recoilless Rifle Range 32”/80cm ROF Halted 1, Moving 0 AT 16 FP 2+
7.62mm AA MG

105mm Towed Howitzer

105mm Howitzer Range 88”/220cm Artillery AT 3 FP 4+
Smoke Bombardment
Direct Fire Range 24”/60cm ROF Halted 1, Moving 0 AT 10 FP 3+
Brutal, Slow Firing, Smoke
M125 SP Armoured Mortar
‘TANK UNIT;
ARMOUR Front 3 Side 2 Top 0
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 16”/40cm Cross Country Dash 24”/80cm Road Dash 32”/80cm
Cross 3+
81mm Mortar Range 56”/140cm Artillery AT 1 FP 4+
Smoke Bombardment
7.62mm AA MG

NM135/20mm APV
‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Front 3 Side 2 Top 0
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 16”/40cm Cross Country Dash 24”/80cm Road Dash 32”/80cm
Cross 3+
20mm Auto-cannon Range 16”/40cm ROF Halted 3 Moving 2 AT 7 FP 5+
Anti-Helicopter
7.62mm AA MG

M150, NM142 and NM195 Armoured Transports

‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Front 3 Side 2 Top 0
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 16”/40cm Cross Country Dash 24”/80cm Road Dash 32”/80cm
Cross 3+
7.62mm AA MG

SP Armoured Mortar
‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Front 3 Side 2 Top 0
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 16”/40cm Cross Country Dash 24”/80cm Road Dash 32”/80cm
Cross 3+
81mm Mortar Range 56”/140cm Artillery AT 1 FP 4+
Smoke Bombardment
7.62mm AA MG

M106 SP Armoured Mortar

‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Front 3 Side 2 Top 0
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 16”/40cm Cross Country Dash 24”/80cm Road Dash 32”/80cm
Cross 3+
107mm Mortar Range 56”/140cm Artillery AT 2 FP 3+
Smoke Bombardment
7.62mm AA MG

107mm Towed Mortar

107mm Mortar Range 64”/160cm Artillery AT 2 FP 3+
Smoke Bombardment

81mm Towed Mortar

81mm Mortar Range 56”/140cm Artillery AT 1 FP 4+
Smoke Bombardment

Anti-Aircraft 20mm RH 202 Auto-Cannon Towed

20mm Auto-Cannon Range 24”/60cm ROF Halted 3 Moving 2 AT 7 FP 5+
Anti-Helicopter

MB-205G Jeep or Motorcycle

‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Unarmoured Tank Save 5+
MOVEMENT Tactical 10”/25cm Terrain Dash 14”/35cm Cross Country Dash 20”/50cm Road Dash 36”/90cm
Cross 4+

Scania P93 or Dodge WC51 Light Truck

‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Unarmoured Tank Save 5+
MOVEMENT Tactical 8”/20cm Terrain Dash 8”/20cm Cross Country Dash 14”/35cm Road Dash 36”/90cm
Cross 4+

DAF 616 Six-Tonne

‘TANK UNIT’
ARMOUR Unarmoured Tank Save 5+
MOVEMENT Tactical 8”/20cm Terrain Dash 8”/20cm Cross Country Dash 14”/35cm Road Dash 28”/70cm
Cross 4+

HEAT Missile
Minimum Range 8”/20cm

Stabiliser
Tank can move 14”/35cm at tactical gaining a +1 Penalty to hit, Machine Guns cannot shoot, team cannot Assault if it moves
more than 10”/25cm.

Infrared (IR)
Roll two dice for night Visibility and choose the highest score.

Bazooka Skirts
Side Armours minimum of 10 against HEAT Weapons

Ranging MG
A ‘No to hit penalty’ on ranges over 16”/40cm and a maximum range of 28”/70cm if the tank did not move in the movement
step.

Laser Range Finder

No to hit penalty for ranges over 16”/40cm

Dozer Blades
Tanks fitted with dozer blades may move through hedges, walls and wooded areas without the need of a cross check. If fitted
with a Dover blade, the stabiliser would be removed.

Auto-loader
Tanks fitted with an auto-loader add an extra shot to the Centurion ROF when moving or halted.

Amphibious
Amphibious vehicles may move through water features a maximum of 8”/20cm without the need of a cross check.

Autoloader
No reduction in the Guns ROF when moving.