Birinchi Kumar Barua by Maheswar Neog
Birinchi Kumar Barua by Maheswar Neog
Birinchi Kumar Barua by Maheswar Neog
MAHESWAR NEOG
Birinchi Kumar Barua was born in the famous Kharangi Baruwa family of
Nowgong on the 16th October 1908 (Tuesday, the 25th Kartika 1830 Saka). The
Kharangi Baruwas, who exercised some civil and military authority in their
locality during the Ahom regime, had their original home at Kharangi-chuk in
Puranigudam. Birinchi Kumar’s grandfather, Tularam Baruwa, lived there
together with his two brothers. Tularam had two sons; the elder of them
secured an employment in a tea estate and gave all encouragement to the
younger Bijayram’s love for education. Bijayram passed the Entrance
Examination of Calcutta University from Nowgong High School, and
proceeded to Calcutta, where he studied for the First Arts Examination in the
General Institution. But failing to pass that Examination he procured a job at
the Shillong Secretariat and then got appointed Inspector of Post Offices and
later Postmaster. Bijayram married Lilawati of the other famous Baruwa family
of Puranigudam, known as Karhal Baruwas. It was about the year 1904 that
Bijayram built his permanent residence in the modern town of Nowgong. He
had five sons and two daughters: Lalit Kumar Barua (a very popular physician,
a pioneer writer on medical subjects for the layman, and a social worker of
infinite zeal, who will be remembered for his great services in building up the
Srimanta Sankara Mission), Smt Priyabala Hazarika (wife of the late
Trailokyanath Hazarika of Sibsagar), Sushil Kumar Barua (formerly Director
of Mining, Jaipur State, and now Director of Geology and Mining, government
of Assam), Birinchi Kumar Barua, Kshirod Kumar Barua (publisher and
printer), Smt Lavanyaprabha Datta (wife of Hemchandra Datta of Sibsagar)
and Dr Prahlad Kumar Barua (Labour Superintendent, Assam Oil Company,
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Digboi). Birinchi Kumar was the loveliest of the children in the family and was
loved by all people who met him. Whenever there was any illness in the family
or in the neighbourhood he busied himself the most and tried to be of the
greatest help.
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First Year Class at Cotton College, Gauhati. But nothing daunted, all of them
continued their studies.
After his M.A. in Pali Barua got admitted into the M.A. classes in
Ancient Indian History and Culture and the University Law College,
maintaining himself now with private tutorship. His literary activities had
already begun, he having started writing short stories (I think his first story was
‘Vidrohi deka’, published in Volume III, No. 3, of the Awahan, which bears his
name. but the subsequent stories all came out under a pseudonym ‘Vina
Baruwa’) and essays, and editing a children’s monthly, Akan, for about three
years. He developed an antiquarian zeal when he discovered a stone inscription
at Dabaka (sometimes identified with Dabaka of the Allahabad inscription of
Samudragupta) in the Kapili Valley of his native district of Nowgong – later to
become a site for many historical finds. Even before this, he, while a school
student, used to collect old ballads woven round Assam’s 19th century Quisling,
Badan Barphukan, and the patriot, Maniram Dewan. He now interested himself
also in the activities of Assam Samraksini Sabha, Asam Sahitya Sabha,
Calcutta Youth Welfare League and Asam Chatra Sammilan. It is about this
time that he started a small printing-press at Nowgong. He came in contact with
great scholars and nationalist leaders of India in general and of Assam in
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particular – Dr D.R. Bhandarkar, Dr Hemchandra Raychaudhury, Gr
Syamaprasad Mukherji, Dr Stella Kramritsh, Lakshminath Bezbaroa, Tarunram
Phookan, Nabinchandra Bardalai, and others.
Barua took his B.L. Degree from Calcutta University. He was appointed
Lecturer in the Department of Modern Indian Languages (Assamese) at
Calcutta University. In 1938 he joined Gauhati Cotton College as Lecturer in
Assamese, and it is with his entry into teaching here that Assamese language
and literature became a serious subject for study with the students. Very soon a
full-statured course, styled as ‘Assamese Second Language’, was started and
could be offered as one of the major elective subjects.
Assam was crying hoarse for some time for the creation of a University
of its own. But nothing palpable was done by the then Government and its
Ministers in the State. A movement was, therefore, launched in 1944 under the
able leadership of the late Gopinath Bardoloi. A body, called Gauhati
University Trust Board, was set up, and public donations were collected with
Collection Committees working in every sub-division. Barua actively
participated in the movement and acted as an Assistant Secretary of the Board.
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University Classes, from the 1st of February 1950. Although the importance
and utility of this office became the centre of a controversy later on, Dr Barua
wielded immense power in shaping the different activities of the teaching
departments of the University and of the University as a whole. This was found
possible because he was a person of great personality and organizational
ability. He was, moreover, a member of the first Executive Council of the
University. The Department of Assamese was exceptionally fortunate in having
both Dr Kakati and Dr Barua as its members. The organization of the teaching
in the Department will, I hope, ever bear the impress of their scholarship. The
subject could have been called Comparative Language and Literature in
consideration of the fact that Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit, English and other Foreign
languages and literatures were included in the courses for studies. Assam’s
social and cultural history also came to form a part of the subject.
Already after his coming over from Calcutta to Gauhati Barua was
appointed by the Government of Assam as Honorary Assistant Director of the
Department of Historical and Antiquarian Studies, Assam, of which Dr Suryya
Kumar Bhuyan was the Honorary Director. With effect from the 4th August
1951 he was made the Department’s Honorary Deputy Director, which post he
held till about 1960.
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Dr Barua visited the U.S.S.R. for a few days (leaving India on the 17th
November and arriving back on the 3rd December 1961) on a cultural mission
sponsored by the Ministry of Scientific Research and Cultural Affairs,
Government of India. He saw Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev, Tashkent and other
places, where his chief interest was to meet writers and artists and feeling by
what rapid strides Russia was advancing in the different branches of art and
literature.
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Dr Barua came back from America with the assignment to prepare an
anthology of Indian folk-lore and an encyclopedia of Indian folk-lore in two
volumes, but the project, as also his other projects, were left incomplete on his
sudden and unexpected departure from the world, which now came so fast.
When Orientalists from all over the world collected at New Delhi in the first
week of January 1964 to attend the XXVIth International Congress of
Orientalists, Barua organized a meeting, which had Professor W. Norman
Brown of Pennsylvania University, in the chair, and explained his scheme of
the proposed anthology. Coming back from the Congress, Barua found his
health first deteriorating and had to confine himself to bed from time to time.
But he had prevailed upon Shri Devkanta Borooah, Education Minister, Assam,
to invite the twenty-second session of All India Oriental Conference to
Gauhati. He now gave his thought to organizing the session and chalked out a
plan for that purpose. This plan was discussed in a meeting of a few scholars
with the Education Minister in their midst in Dr Barua’s residence on the 17th
of February 1964. To start with, a publication Committee was formed in the
meeting and he was made its Convenor. But he had to be hospitalized and the
work of organization had to be postponed. The present writer convened the
first meeting of the Publication Committee again in Barua’s house on the 21st
of March 1964. He participated in the discussion that took place. He seemed to
be enthusiasm and excitement. The midnight that came within a few hours of
the meeting brought him a serious attack of illness of the heart. Although he
showed signs of a little improvement, he ultimately succumbed to the disease at
8.30 A.M. on the 30th of March 1964.
Dr Barua married on the 15th of June 1949 and on death left behind
his wife, Srimati Shantichhaya Barua, and three children- Boijayanta (Raj),
Achintya (Manju), Padmakshi (Rasna).
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member of the University he could be seen taking the leading part whenever
the last rites of a departed colleague were to be performed. Possessing a great
interest in gardening, he was responsible for many a tree which today stands in
the university campus in Greater Gauhati. Rising from not very well-to-do
conditions, he had always a heart for the poor. He helped a number of students
with money and books. When he was lying dead in the morning of the 30th
March 1964, a stream of poor neighbours- labourers and bhangis- pressed into
his room, bringing many a tear and a sigh. He was warm as a friend or collegue
and loving as a husband or parent. Always busy with books and papers, he
found time for picnicing and gossiping, marketing and cooking. He was a
teacher in the truest sense of the term.
Expressing sorrow at the sad passing away of Dr Barua, his great guru,
Dr Suniti Kumar Chatterji, wrote to the present writer: “The passing away of
Dr Barua a short while ago has been one of the greatest losses sustained by
Indian scholarship in Assam, and we all mourn the sad and ultimately demise
of such a fine scholar who brought kudos to Indian scholarship.”
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Dr Barua was an acknowledged scholar of Pail and Prakrit, and a
historian of Assamese culture. Numerous are his valued papers contributed to
various research journals. He edited Sir Edward Gait’s A History of Assam and
published a work on Buddhism, Bauddhadharma aru Sahitya in collaboration
with other scholars.
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(1935) and Ranghar (1948). Jatakar Sadhu and Cuijarlend-bhraman (Travels
in Switzerland) are his gift to children.
Professor Barua was a sincere worker, he loved labour; and his labour –
honest and sincere – gave Assam and its people something that can only be
termed great. The death of this versatile scholar and illustrious son of Assam
has left a void that will perhaps take years to fill.
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Source*:
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APPENDIX – 2
Books in English
Assamese Literature, P.E.N. Publication, Bombay 1941
A Cultural History of Assam (Early Period), Vol. I, Nowgong, 1951
Early Geography of Assam, Gauhati, 1952
Studies in Early Assamese Literature, with a Forword by Jairamdas Doulatram,
Nowgong, 1953
Modern Assamese Literature, with an Introduction by Professor Humayun
Kabir, Gauhati, 1957
Sankaradeva, Vaishnava Saint of Assam, Nowgong, 1960
History of Assamese Literature, pub. Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi, 1964
Books in Assamese
Jatakamala, Atul-katha-mala, Jorhat, 1938
Kavya aru Abhivyanjana, on principles of criticism mainly based on Benedetto
Croce, Gauhati, 1941
Asamiya Bhasa, Gauhati, 1949
Asamiya Katha-Sahitya, Purani-bhag, Nalbari, 1872 Saka
Bauddhadharma aru Sahitya, a symposium, edited, with a Forword by Omeo
kumar Das, Gauhati, 1956
Asamiya Bhasa aru Samskrti, Gauhati, 1957
Asamar Loka-Samskrti, Gauhati, 1961
Jatakamala, Gauhati, 1963
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Travel
Jivanar Batat, novel, published under pseudonym Vina Baruwa, edition I (in 2
parts), Calcutta, 1944; edition 2 (in 1 Vol.) Shillong, 1953; edition 3, Shillong,
1957
Pat-parivartan, 4 short stories, published under pseudonym, Vina Barua,
Gauhati, 1870 Saka
Aghoni Bai, 5 short stories, published under pseudonym, Vina Baruwa
(originally Vina Barua and Rasna Baruwa), Nalbari, 1950
Seuji Pator Kahini, novel, published under pseudonym Rasna Baruwa,
Shillong, edition 1, 1959; edition 2, 1963
One-Act Play
Ebelar Nat, published under pseudonym Vina Baruwa, Gauhati, 1955
Edited work in English
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Editions of Old and Modern Assamese Classics
Anthology
Kavita-kunja, Calcutta, 1933
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The Calcutta Review
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Publications Division, Delhi, 1957
Modern Period: Assamese literature
Miscellaneous
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Awahan
Bejbaruwa sahityat hasyarasar camu abhasa, Vol. III, p. 264
Haramohana, Vol. VIII, No. xii
Asamar murti aru bhaskarya, Vol. VLL, No. vii
Asamar terakatta bhaskarya, Vol. VII, No. ix
Asamar krsi-vibhaga, Vol. VII, x
Asamiya sabdamala, Vol. XXV, Nos. 2, 5-6
*Asamiya bhasat inraji sabda, Vol. XXVI, No. i
Therigatha, Vol. XXVII, No. i
Ranghar
Phinlendar chatra-chatrir majot, Vol. I, No. iii
Cuiden, Vol. I, No. vii
Ramdhenu
Asamiya samskrti, Vol. III, Nos. i and ii
Madhavadevar bargitat sisu-carita, Vol. III, No. v
Asam buranji punar-racanar samasya, Vol. VIII, Bihu No.
Jayanti
Pali jataka aru asamiya sadhukatha, Vol. I, No. xii
Bihur bhasa, Vol. X, No. vii
Bardaicila
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Miscellaneous
Asamiya purani katha-sahitya, Cinta-kosa, Calcutta A.S.L. Club, Calcutta,
193637
Sabhapatir abhibhasana, presidential address delivered at the History Section,
Asam Sahitya Sabha Conference, Gauhati, 1955, Asam Sahitya Sabha Varsiki,
Gauhati, 1956; Asam Sahitya Sabhar Bhasanavali, Jorhat, 1961
Dukuri bacharar agar nagaon caharar smrti, Arunacala, Nowgong, 1878 Saka
Theragatha aru therigatha, Prabandhavali, Gauhati University, 1958
Vadhakavya, Intermediate Assamese Prose Selections, Gauhati University,
1959
Nagaoar purani katha, Nibandhamala, Asam Sahitya Sabha Reception
Committee, Nowgong Session, 1960
Introduction to Akasi Pathere Bidesalai of Jnanabala Barua, Jorhat, 1956
Introduction to Sukula Dawar Ai Kahuwa Phul of Parvatiprasad Baruwa,
Gauhati, 1963
Tamolar amole mole ai nacani, Natun Asamiya, October 9, 1959
Journals edited
Akan
Ranghar
Journal of the Assam Research Society.
______________________________________________________________
Source*:
‘Professor Birinchi Kumar Barua Commemoration Volume’, 1966, edits. M M Sarma
and Maheswar Neog, Published by Local Committee, All India Oriental Conference,
Guwahati.
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APPENDIX 3
Obituary*
Source*
Reprint from ‘Professor Birinchi Kumar Barua Commemoration Volume’, 1966, edits. M M
Sarma and Maheswar Neog, Published by Local Committee, All India Oriental Conference,
Guwahati.
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ANNEXURE - 4
(Assamese folk-song translated by B. K. Barua)
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