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Muhammad Atique Tipu

AGM Planning PCL

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7 QC TOOLS

Check Sheets
Scatter Diagrams
Graphs
Histograms
Control Charts
Pareto Diagrams
Cause and Effect Diagrams

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7 QC TOOLS

Control Chart
Pareto Chart

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* * *
* *
* * *
Scatter Plot Data Collecting Ishikawa Chart

Stratification
Histogram

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CHECK
SHEET
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CHECK SHEETS

Check sheet is a Form, in diagram or table

format used to collect and organize data.

Data can be collected easily and concisely.

Data is collected on the characteristic of

interest.

The right data could be captured with all

necessary facts included.

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 Central tool for Quality Assurance programs

 Specially useful for operational procedures

 Could be derived from the flowchart and

fishbone diagrams

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 TYPES CHECK SHEETS
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Check sheets for production process

distribution

Defective item check sheet

Defect cause check sheet

Check sheet for work station evaluation

Check sheet for design information accuracy

Check sheet for vendor reliability

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How to make Check Sheet

Step 1. Agree the data to be collected.

Step 2. Design the check sheet.

Step 3. Test the check and modify if required.

Step 4. Design a master check sheet, if more

persons are involved in data collection and
record all individual data on master check
sheet.
Step 5. Collect the Data.
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TYPES OF CHECK SHEET

There are three major types of check sheets.

A. Attribute Check Sheets.

B. Variable Check Sheets.

C. Defect Location Check Sheets.

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ATTRIBUTE CHECK SHEET

COMPONENTS REPLACED BY QC
TIME PERIOD: 22 Feb to 27 Feb 2010
REPAIR TECHNICIAN: Iftikhar

ALTO MODEL 1
Dent ||||
Cuts |||| |||| |||| |||| |||| ||
Blackish ||
Un brazed ||||
Fin Burned ||
Side plate slip |

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VARIABLE CHECK SHEET

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DEFECT LOCATION CHECK SHEET

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CHECK SHEET EXAMPLE

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CHECK SHEET EXAMPLE

Billing Errors Monday

Wrong Account

Wrong Amount

Account Errors

Wrong Account

Wrong Amount

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CHECK SHEET EXAMPLE

Shifts

   

 
Defect Type

 

 

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 CHECK
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Component name : ABC

Date of Production:22-May-2010

Type of Check Sub-Total

defects
Scratch 3

Dent 7

Flow mark 11

Short Shot 2

Total 23
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EXAMPLE CHECK SHEETS

Patient Transport Problem Sheet

Area: Ward # 09 Period: June 2010

Type Tally Subtotal

Equipment broken IIIII 5

Patient not ready IIIII II 7

Not enough staff III 3

Patient having another exam IIIII IIIII II 12

etc.

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SCATTER
DIAGRAM

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SCATTER DIAGRAM

 The scatter diagram is a plot of two

variables that can be used to identify any
potential relationship between the
variables.
 The shape of the scatter diagram often
indicates what type of relationship may
exist.

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STEPS TO DRAW SCATTER DIAGRAM

1) Collect data about causes and effects preferably

collect data of 20 sets or more.
2) Draw vertical and horizontal axes to accommodate
the smallest and largest values to be plotted.
3) Draw cause/Independent variable on horizontal
side.
4) Draw effect/Dependent variable on vertical side.
5) Plot the data by placing a dot at a point
corresponding to cause and effect.
6) Analyze the pattern of the data.
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STRONG CORELATION MODERATE CORELATION

NO CORELATION
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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

 Show the relationships between a

problem and its possible causes.
 Developed by Kaoru Ishikawa (1953)

 Also known as …
 Fishbone diagrams
 Ishikawa diagrams

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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

A. No statistics involved

B. Maps out a process/problem

C. Makes improvement easier

D. Looks like a “Fish Skeleton”

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USES OF FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

Use a fish bone to

 To help & guide discussion.

 As a study Aid.

 To understand actual situation.

 For factors management.

 As technical material when Creating and

revising Manufacturing Standards.

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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

 Step 1 - Identify the Problem

 Step 2 - Write the Title of the Problem in a box on the
right.
 Step 3 - Draw the spine
 Step 4 - Draw the sub-branches and classify the factors
that effect each characteristic.
 Step 5 - Analyze and Evaluate the factors.
 Step 6 - Identify the most influential factors and encircle
them.
 Step 7 - Prioritize the factors and prepare action plan to
eliminate the root cause.

Clip
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CAUSE AND EFFECT “SKELETON”

Materials Procedures

Quality
Problem

People Equipment
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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

Measurement Human Machines

Faulty testing equipment Poor supervision Out of adjustment

Incorrect specifications Lack of concentration Tooling problems

Improper methods Inadequate training Old / worn

Quality
Inaccurate
Poor process
Problem
temperature
Defective from vendor design
control
Ineffective quality
Not to specifications management
Dust and
Material- Deficiencies
Dirt
handling problems in product design

Environment Materials Process

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 MAN MATERIAL EQUIPMENT

EFFECT

MACHINE METHOD ENVIRONMENT

The problem categories considered are :

Man, Machine, Method, Materials, Equipments & Environmental.

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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS ADVANTAGES

 making the diagram is educational in itself.

 diagram demonstrates knowledge of problem
solving team.
 diagram results in active searches for
causes.

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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

diagram is a guide for data collectionTo

construct the skeleton, remember:
 For manufacturing - the 4 M’s
 man, method, machine, material
 For service applications
 equipment, policies, procedures, people

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FISHBONE DIAGRAMS

 Brainstorming

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