12.7 Answers

12-7 Probability of Compound Events
Determine whether the events are independent or dependent. Then find the probability.
1. BABYSITTING A toy bin contains 12 toys, 8 stuffed animals, and 3 board games. Marsha randomly chooses 2
items for the child she is babysitting. What is the probability that she chose 2 stuffed animals as the first two
choices?
ANSWER:
dependent; or about 11%
3. MONEY Nakos has 4 quarters, 3 dimes, and 2 nickels in his pocket. Nakos randomly picks two coins out of his
pocket. What is the probability that he did not choose a dime either time, if he replaced the first coin before choosing
a second coin?
ANSWER:
independent; or about 44%
A card is drawn from a standard deck of playing cards. Determine whether the events are mutually
exclusive or not mutually exclusive. Then find the probability.
5. P(two or queen)
ANSWER:
mutually exclusive; or about 15%
7. P(seven or club)
ANSWER:
not mutually exclusive; or about 31%
Determine whether the events are independent or dependent. Then find the probability.
9. COINS If a coin is tossed 4 times, what is the probability of getting tails all 4 times?
ANSWER:
11. CANDY A box of chocolates contains 10 milk chocolates, 8 dark chocolates, and 6 white chocolates. Sung
randomly chooses a chocolate, eats it, and then randomly chooses another. What is the probability that Sung chose a
milk chocolate and then a white chocolate?
ANSWER:
dependent; or about 11%
13. PETS Chuck and Rashid went to a pet store to buy dog food. They chose from 10 brands of dry food, 6 brands of
canned food, and 3 brands of pet snacks. What is the probability that they both chose dry food, if Chuck randomly
chose first and liked the first brand he picked up?
ANSWER:
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milk chocolate and then a white chocolate?
ANSWER:
12-7dependent;
Probability of or about 11%
Compound Events
13. PETS Chuck and Rashid went to a pet store to buy dog food. They chose from 10 brands of dry food, 6 brands of
canned food, and 3 brands of pet snacks. What is the probability that they both chose dry food, if Chuck randomly
chose first and liked the first brand he picked up?
ANSWER:
Determine whether the events are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. Then find the probability.
15. BOWLING Cindy’s bowling records indicate that for any frame, the probability that she will bowl a strike is 30%, a
spare 45%, and neither 25%. What is the probability that she will bowl either a spare or a strike for any given frame?
ANSWER:
mutually exclusive; or 75%
17. SCHOLARSHIPS 3000 essays were received for a $5000 college scholarship. 2865 essays were the required
length, 2577 of the applicants had the minimum required grade-point average, and 2486 had the required length and
minimum grade-point average. What is the probability that an essay selected at random will have the required length
or the required grade-point average?
ANSWER:
not mutually exclusive; or about 98.5%
CHIPS A restaurant serves red, blue, and yellow tortilla chips. The bowl of chips Gabriel receives has 10
red chips, 8 blue chips, and 12 yellow chips. After Gabriel chooses a chip, he eats it. Find each
probability.
19. P(red, blue)
ANSWER:
or about 9%
21. P(yellow, not blue)

ANSWER:
or about 29%
23. SOCKS Damon has 14 white socks, 6 black socks, and 4 blue socks in his drawer. If he chooses two socks at
random, what is the probability that the first two socks are white?
ANSWER:
or about 33%
CCSS TOOLS Cards are being randomly drawn from a standard deck of cards. Find each probability.
25. P(spade or club)
ANSWER:
or 50%
27. P(jack or spade)
random, what is the probability that the first two socks are white?
ANSWER:
12-7 Probability of Compound Events
or about 33%
CCSS TOOLS Cards are being randomly drawn from a standard deck of cards. Find each probability.
25. P(spade or club)
ANSWER:
or 50%
27. P(jack or spade)
ANSWER:
or about 31%
29. P(ace or black)
ANSWER:
or about 54%
31. SPORTS The extracurricular activities in which the senior class at Valley View High School participate are shown
in the Venn diagram.
a. How many students are in the senior class?

b. How many students participate in athletics?
c. If a student is randomly chosen, what is the probability that the student participates in athletics or drama?
d. If a student is randomly chosen, what is the probability that the student participates in only drama and band?
ANSWER:
a. 345
b. 159
c. or about 66%
d. or about 9%

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12-7 Probability of Compound Events

mutually exclusive; or about 15%

not mutually exclusive; or about 31%

independent; or about 28%

independent; or about 28%

mutually exclusive; or 75%

not mutually exclusive; or about 98.5%

21. P(yellow, not blue)

a. How many students are in the senior class?

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