KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING ENGINEERING YEAR IT SEMESTER I, 2015/2016 EXAMINATIONS ; Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Bachelor of Engineering in Automotive & Power Engineering ME 211: MECHANICS OF MACHINES-I Date: Thursday 14 January, 2016 Time: 12:00am-3:00pm Instructions to Candidates This examination contains Eight questions in two sections, Attempt four questions of your choice. Answer any two questions from each section. Each question carries 25marks Begin each question on a fresh page. SECTION A Question One a) Determine the reactions at supports A and B of the beam shown in Fig. 1. Here q=10kN/m, [=1m 12 marks a P=3qi M=2ql" Fig. 1 b) State the principle of physical independence of forces, a 3 marks ¢) State the principle of transmissibility of forces, 3 marks t force, if 7 marks 4) Two forces of 80 N and 70 N act simultaneously at a point. Find the resultant the angle between them is 150° by using the analytical method,Question Two a) State Varignon’s Principle of moments (or law of moments). 5) What does Lami’s theorem state? (No proof) S marks ¢) A beam 4B of length 5 m Supported at 4 and B carries two point loads Wi and W2 of 3 KN and 5 KN which are ] m apart. If the reaction at B is 2 KN more than that at 4, find the distance between the support 4 and the load 3 kN. 8 marks d) A uniform wheel of 600 mm diameter, weighing 6 KN rests against a rigid rectangular block of 150 mm. height as shown in Fig. 2. Find the least pull P, throu; over the comer A of the bloc! to be smooth. 3 marks gh the centre of the wheel, required just to tum the wheel k. Also find the reaction on the block. Take all the surfaces 9 marks P Question Three a) Define the following terms (i) Angular displacement 2 marks (ii) Linear acceleration ; 2 marks b) Derive the relation between the normal acceleration (or centripetal acceleration) and angular acceleration in the motion of a particle along a circular path, 6 marks c) Explain the method of resolution for the resultant force. 6 marks d) A string ABCD, attached to fixed points A and D has two equal weights of 2000 N pan it at B and C. The weights rest with the portions AB and CD inclined at angles as shown in Fig. 3. Find the tensions in the portions AB, BC and CD of the string by using Lami’s theorem, if the inclination of the portion BC with the vertical is 120°. 9 marksI er 130° 1 605 ' { B 120° NN 2000N 2000N Fig. 3 Question Four a) State the Newton’s second law of motion. 3 marks b) State the principle of conservation of momentum. 3 marks c) Define the following terms. (i) Torque 2 marks (ii) Power 2 marks Gii) Radius of gyration 2 marks 4) A railway truck of mass 20 tonnes, moving at 6.5 km/h is brought to rest by a bufier stop. The butter exerts a force of 22.5 kN initially and this force increases uniformly by 60 KN for each 1 m compression of the buffer. Neglecting any loss of energy at impact, find the maximum compression of the buffer and the time required for the truck to be brought to rest. 6 marks ©) A cantilever braced truss supported on rollers at E and hinged at 4 is loaded as shown in Fig. 4. Determine the reactions at A and E. 7 marksSECTION B Question Five a) Explain what is implied by (i) Mass moment of inertia of a body 2 marks (ii) Momentum 2 marks (iii) Kinematic link (or element) 2 marks (iv) Kinematic pair 2 marks b) State the principle of conservation of energy. 3 marks ©) The displacement of a point is given by s = seconds. Determine the displacement of the po! to 18 m/s. 30 mis. 4) A flywheel fitted on the crank shaft of a steam engine has a mass of I tonne an of gyration 0.4 m. If the starting torq constant, find 1. Angular acceleration of the flywheel, 2. Kinetic energy of the flywheel after 10 seconds from the start, 21° +1? +6, where s is in metres and 1 in int when the velocity changes from 8.4 m/s Find also the acceleration at the instant when the velocity of the particle is 7 marks da radius jue of the engine is 650J which may be assumed 7 marks Question Six a) Define the following terms. (i) Kinematic chain 2 marks (ii) Number of degrees of freedom (mobility) of a mechanism 2 marks iii) Base circle of the radial cam 2 marks b) Differentiate between a machine and a structure 6 marks 6) Determine the number of degrees of freedom (mobility) ofthe mechanism shown in Fig 5. S marks c D 2 B ee E f i ‘ A 7 Fig. 56, the angular velocity of direction. Determine the elon, of the crank OA is 600 r.p.m. in the counterclockwis wien the crank OA geeky 8f the point B andthe angular velocity ofthe link BC, ned at an angle of 75° to the vertical, The dimensions of various links are : OA = 28 : mm ; AB = 3 BC= between the centres of rotation O fidCie ssmm ESB mim Te conte dance Use the relative velocity method 8 marks Question Seven a)Define pitch circle of the radial cam are: eae 7 . fs iarks: b) State the Aronhold Kennedy's theorem of three instantaneous centres. (No proof) . 3 mai c) Write the relation between the number of instantaneous centres and the sites, of Jinks in a mechanism. Smaak rks 4d) The lengths of ‘AB =0.1 m ; CD = 0.08 m ; and AC Determine. for the given configuration, (i) The velocity of the slider D if the crank OA rotates at 60 r.p.m. in the clockwise direction. (ii) The angular velocity of the link CD. Use the instantaneous centre method. 10 marks arious links of a mechanism, as shown in Fig. 7, are : OA = 0.03 m - > are : . 3IB Fig. 7 e) A riveting machine is driven by a 4 kW motor. The moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the machine is equivalent to 140 kgm? at the shaft on which the flywheel is mounted. At the commencement of operation, the flywheel is making 240 r.p.m. If closing a rivet occupies 1 second and consumes 10 kN-m of energy, find the reduction of speed of the flywheel. What is the maximum rate at which the rivets can be closed ? 8 marks Question Eight a) Explain clearly the terms “static balancing” and “dynamic balancing”. 5 marks b) The driving crank AB of the quick-retun mechanism, as shown in Fig. 8, revolves at a uniform speed of 200 r.p.m. in the clockwise direction, Find — (i) The velocity (by using the relative velocity method) and acceleration of the tool-box R. in the position shown, when the crank AB makes an angle of 60° with the vertical line of centres PA. (ii) The angular acceleration of the slotted lever PQ, 20 marksAll dimensions in mm. Fig. 8KYAMBOGO Soe FACULTY OF ENGINEERI : DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL & PRODUCTION ENGINEERING BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN AUTOMATIVE & POWER ENGINEERING i BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING YEAR II SEMESTER I EXAMINATIONS 2011/2012 ME 211: MECHANICS OF MACHINES I DATE: 1/12/2011 TIME: 8.08 a.m-11.00 a.m. INSTRUCTIONS: i * This examination contains Eight questions I © Attempt any five questions; i + All questions carry equal marks; ! * Begin each question on a fresh page | You should have the following in this Examination * Answer book, drawing Insiruments, scieniific calculator, Mathematical tables Question One () For the Figure 1a shown, members AD and DB are 23kg and 31kg respectively. ©, and Os are 30° and 60° respectively. Distance AB = 43cm, Determine the reactions at the Joints for a force P = 120KN, (6 marks) (b) The system in Figure 16 is in equilibrium. A mass of 225 kg hangs from the ehd of the uniform strut whose mass is 45.0 kg. Find i (i) The tension T in the cable i (7 marks) (1) Horizontal and vertical force components exerted on the strut by the hinge. (7 marks) Question Two ‘The Shaft system shown in Figure 2 shows a rotor lying on the z axis whose total length is 1.6m. Three discs A, B and C are fixed to the rotor and the mass centre of each is slightly eccentric. The table shows the position of the dises and details ofthe imbalance carried initially on each of the discs. 1 Z(m) M(kg) radial eccentricity 6 (degrees) 04 0.15 mm, 120 A 10 1 B08 50 0.1 mm 15 i Cc 016 20 0.2mm 45 | {2 Compute the magnitudes of forces at BI and B2 when the rotor is spinning at 800 rev/min, assuming the rotor is rigid, (8 marksy (b) Determine the appropriate imbalance corrections to be applied at discs A and Ci (4 marks) (©). Draw the relevant polygons 1 @marks) \ Page | of 3 : 'Question Three The mechanism in Figure 3 comprising of a rigid bar OY is pivoted about the fixed point O. A spring is attached at point Y on the bar which exerts a vertical force of 8000h Newtons. The dise rotates clockwise about the centre C and a peg X fixed on the disc slides without friction in a slot. A point mass of 2.5 kg is present at Y and all other masses are negligible. The relevant lengths are given, At one instant the angle ZOCX is 20° and the disc is rotating at a constant velocity of 120 rad/s (clockwise) (a) Calculate the positions of points X and Y at this instant and the downward force in the spring. (S marks) (b) Find the velocities of points X and Y at this instant (7 marks) (©) Determine the angular acceleration of the bar OY at this instant. (8 marks) Question Four ‘The Mechanism in Figure 4 is used to shake a conveyor for sorting minerals in various mining operations. Points A and D are fixed in space. Link AB is 100 mm long and this link is caused to rotate at a constant angular velocity, w = 80 rad/s. Link CD is 200 mm. long and this link moves in response to the motion of AB but this link does not undergo complete revolutions. At one instant in time, links AB and BC are both horizontal. Use velocity and acceleration diagrams to (a) Calculate the angular velocities of tinks BC and CD at this instant, (6 marks) (b) Calculate the angular accelerations of links BC and CD at this instant. (6 marks) (6) Point masses of 10 kg are present at joints B and C. Ignore the masses of links (AB, BC, CD), The mechanism operates in a vertical plane and gravity acts vertically downward on joints B and C, Compute the torque necessary at point A at this instant to maintain the constant rotational angular velocity of AB. (8 marks) Question Five The mechanism shown in Figure $ has two links CD and AB pined at A, B, C and D.'The effective velocity of A IS Srv in the direction indicated. Assuming the masses ofall members in the sytem to be negligible, (i) Generate all Free body diagrams for the system (4 marks) (ii) Calculate also the velocity of B and C (8 marks) (iii) Verify your solution with an alternative method (8 marks) Question Six The mechanism shown in Figure 6 isin static balance. The links are assumed to have negligible mass and are linked at A and B as shown. (i) Draw free body diagrams for the system (5 marks) (i) Using any graphical or analytical method, determine the force P for equilibrium. (15 marks)