CHAPTER 7 COORDINATE GEOMETRY

Inquiry 1 (Page 176)

3. Kedudukan
The positiontitik
of point P dividestembereng
P membahagi the line segment ABkepada
garis AB into two
duaparts with ratio
bahagian m : nisbah
dengan n. m : n.
4. (a) 2 parts
bahagian
parts
(b) 8 bahagian
(c) 10 parts
bahagian
(d) AP = 2 AB
10
= 1 AB
5
PB = 8 AB
10
= 4 AB
5
(e) AP : PB = 2 : 8
=1:4
Position P divides
(f) Kedudukan P membahagi segment ABgaris
the line tembereng withABratio m : n. nisbah m : n.
dengan
5. Yes. The length of AP is equal to the length of PB.
The position of point P is in the middle (midpoint) of line segment AB when the ratio m : n
is equal for each parts.
6. Yes. The position of point P change according to the changes in the value of the ratio m : n.
Self Practice 7.1 (Page 177)
1. (a) Point P divides the line segment AB in the ratio 1 : 2.
Point Q divides the line segment AB in the ratio 1 : 1.
Point R divides the line segment AB in the ratio 11 : 1.
(b)
A S B

2. (a) m = 2, n = 5
(b) P divides rope AB in the ratio 2 : 5.
(c) P(6, 0)
Self Practice 7.2 (Page 180)
2(3) + 3(–7) 2(7) + 3(2)
1. (a) x = ,y=
5 5
= –15 = 20
5 5
= –3 = 4
P(–3, 4)

1
 2(– 4) + 1(2) 2(–1) + 1(5)
(b) x = ,y=
3 3
= –6 = 3
3 3
= –2 =1
P(–2, 1)
3(7) + 2(–3) 3(–3) + 2(2)
(c) x = ,y=
5 5
= 15 = –5
5 5
= 3 = –1
P(3, –1)
3(2h) + 2(2p) 3(h) + 2(3t)
2. p = t=
5 5
6h + 4p 3h + 6t
= =
5 5
5p = 6h + 4p 5t = 3h + 6t
p
h= –t = 3h
6
3( )
p
6
= –t
p = –2t
1(–2) + 3(6) 1(–5) + 3(7)
3. (a) x = ,y=
4 4
= 16 = 16
4 4
= 4 =4
C(4, 4)
1(–2) + 1(6) 1(–5) + 1(7)
(b) x = ,y=
2 2
= 4 = 2
2 2
=2 =1
D(2, 1)
4. (a) n – 5m = –1
m+n
n – 5m = –m – n
2n = 4m
m = 2
n 4
m = 1
n 2
AP : PB = 1 : 2
2k + 10 = 2
3
2k + 10 = 6
2k = – 4
k = –2

2
 (b) 2n + 6m = 4
m+n
2n + 6m = 4m + 4n
2m = 2n
m = 1
n 1
AP : PB = 1 : 1
1+k =3
2
1+k=6
k=5
(c) 3n + 8m =4
m+n
3n + 8m = 4m + 4n
4m = n
m = 1
n 4
AP : PB = 1 : 4
4k + 2 = 6
5
4k + 2 = 30
4k = 28
k=7
(d) –3n + 2m = –1
m+n
–3n + 2m = –m – n
3m = 2n
m = 2
n 3
AP : PB = 2 : 3
3(–2) + 2(8)
=k
5
5k = 10
k = 2
Self Practice 7.3 (Page 182)
4 + 2(40) 6 + 2(45)
1. x = ,y=
3 3
= 84 = 96
3 3
= 28 = 32
º(28, 32)
The coordinate of the ball when it touches the surface of the field is (28, 32).
2. The first rest house divides highway AB in the ratio 1 : 2.
2(–4) + 1(5) 2(5) + 1(2)
x= ,y=
3 3
= –3 = 12
3 3
= –1 =4
º(–1, 4)
3
 The second rest house divides highway AB in the ratio 2 : 1.
1(–4) + 2(5) 1(5) + 2(2)
x= ,y=
3 3
= 6 = 9
3 3
= 2 =3
º(2, 3)
The coordinate of both rest house is (–1, 4) and (2, 3).
3. (a) HL : LK = 2 : 1
1(–3) + 2(6) 1(–2) + 2(10)
(b) x = ,y= LK = ! (6 – 3)2 + (10 – 6)2
3 3
= 9 = 18 = ! 25
3 3 = 5 units
=3 =6
º(3, 6)
Intensive Practice 7.1 (Page 183)
1(2) + 4(7) 1(8) + 4(3)
1. x = ,y=
5 5
= 30 = 20
5 5
=6 =4
º R(6, 4)
5(4) + 2(x) 5(5) + 2(y)
2. (a) 6 = , 3 =
7 7
42 = 20 + 2x 21 = 25 + 2y
2x = 22 2y = – 4
x = 11 y = –2
º Q(11, –2)
Midpoint
(b) Titik (
tengah PQ = 4 + 11 ,
2
5 + (–2)
2 )
= ( 15 ,
2 2 )
3

3(–3) + 2(h) 3(6) + 2(k)

3. 1 = ,4=
5 5
5 = –9 + 2h 20 = 18 + 2k
2h = 14 2k = 2
h = 7 k=1
4. e = 16r + 9e
7
7e = 16r + 9e
2e = –16r
r = –  1 e…1
8
4r + 12f
f=
7
7f = 4r + 12f
5f = –4r
f = –  4 r…2
5
4
 Gantikan 1 ke
Substitute dalam 2:
into
(
f = –  4 –  1 e
5 8 )
= 1 e
10
e = 10f
1(1) + 2(7) 1(4) + 2(–8)
5. (a) x = ,y=
3 3
= 15 = –12
3 3
= 5 = – 4
º U(5, – 4)
(b) Titik Midpoint (
tengah QR = 7 + 9 , –8 + 5
2 )
2

9n + 5m
(
= 8, –  )3
2
(c) =6
m+n
9n + 5m = 6m + 6n
3n = m
m = 3
n 1
º RT : TS = 3 : 1
(d) PS = ! (5 – 1)2 + (1 – 4)2
= ! 25
= 5 units
6. (a) n + 5m = 2
m+n
n + 5m = 2m + 2n
3m = n
m = 1
n 3
ºm:n=1:3
3(–2) + 1(2)
(b) =k
4
–6 + 2 = 4k
4k = – 4
k = –1
1(3) + 4(13) 1(11) + 4(1) 2(4) + 1(10) 2(4) + 1(7)
7. x = ,y= x= ,y=
5 5 3 3
= 55 = 15 = 18 = 15
5 5 3 3
= 11 = 3 = 6 = 5
º P1(11, 3) º P2(6, 5)
TitikMidpoint (
tengah P1P2 = 11 + 6 , 3 + 5
2 ) 2
= 17 , 4 ( 2 )
Maka, Thus, titikThekedudukan
the rumah
position of Haziq
Haziq's (
ialah
house )
is 17 , 4 .
2
5
 Inquiry 2 (Page 184)
ACTIVITY 1
4. The gradient of straight line L1 is equal to the gradient of straight line L2, m1 = m2.
5. Both angles formed are equal to each other, q1 = q2.
ACTIVITY 2
4. The product of the gradient of straight line L1 with the gradient of straight line L2 is –1, m1m2 = –1.
6. The product of tan q1 with tan q2 is –1, tan q1tan q2 = –1.
Self Practice 7.4 (Page 187)
1. (a) 2x + 3y = 9 4x + 6y = 0
3y = –2x + 9 6y = – 4x
2
y = –  x + 3 y = –  2 x
3 3
º m1 = –  2 º m2 = –  2
3 3
Since the pair of straight lines have the same gradient, thus the straight lines are
parallel.
(b) y = 3 x – 5 4y – 3x = 12
4
4y = 3x + 12
º m1 = 3
4 y = 3x + 3
4
º m2 = 3
4
Since the pair straight lines have the same gradient, thus the straight lines are
parallel.
(c) x – 2y = 6 2x + y = 5
2y = x – 6 y = –2x + 5
1
y = x – 3 º m2 = –2
2
º m1 = 1
2
Since the pair of straight lines have the product of their gradients as -1, thus the
straight lines are perpendicular.
(d) 2x + 3y = 9 2y = 3x + 10
3y = –2x + 9 y = 3x + 5
2 2
y = –  x + 3
3 º m2 = 3
2
º m1 = –  2
3
Since the pair of straight lines have the product of their gradients as -1, thus the
straight lines are perpendicular.
2. (a) 2y = 10 – x y = 3px – 1
1
y = –  x + 5 º m2 = 3p
2
º m1 = –  1
2

6
 m 1 = m2
– 1 = 3p
2
p=–1
6
x y
(b) – =1 py = 4x – 6
3 6
y
= x – 1 y = 4x – 6
6 3 p p
y = 2x – 6 º m2 = 4
p
º m1 = 2
m1 = m2
2= 4
p
p=2
3. (a) 3x + 5y = 15 5x – ky = 2
5y = –3x + 15 ky = 5x – 2
y = –  3 x + 3 y = 5x – 2
5 k k
º m1 = –  3 º m2 = 5
5 k
m1m2 = –1

( )( )
–  3 5 = –1
5 k
k=3
x y
(b) + =1 ky = 2x – 7
3 9
y
= –  x + 1 y = 2x – 7
9 3 k k
y = –3x + 9 º m2 = 2
k
º m1 = –3
m1m2 = –1

( )( )
–3 2 = –1
k
k=6
4. mAB = 4 – 1 and mBC = a – 4
–1 –1 5 – (–1)
= –  3 = a–4
2 6
Since AB is perpendicular to BC, thus
Oleh sebab AB berserenjang dengan BC, jadi
( )( )
–  3 a – 4 = –1
2 6
a–4=4
a=8

7
 Self Practice 7.5 (Page 190)
1. 3x + 2y = 48 m1m2 = –1
2y = –3x + 48
y = –  3 x + 24
(–  32 )(m ) = –1
2

2 m2 = 2
3 3
º m1 = – 
2
The equation
Persamaan of radius
jejari AB is
AB ialah
y – 12 = 2 (x – 8)
3
3y – 36 = 2x – 16
3y – 2x = 20
2. (a) Titik
Midpoint (
tengah AB = 3 + 7 , 8 + 2
2 2 )
= (5, 5)
Length longkang
(b) Panjang of trench = ! (7 – 5)2 + (8 – 5)2
= ! 13
= 3.606 units
Intensive Practice 7.2 (Page 190 – 191)
3 – (–1)
1. (a) mAB = 4 – 2 mCD =
3–6 –3 – 3
= –  2 = –  2
3 3
Oleh sebab
Because and CD are parallel. i.
of mAB = mCD, AB dan
4 – (–3)
(b) mAB = mCD = 1 – 4
–3 – 4 –2 – 1
= –1 =1
Oleh sebab
Because thus AB dan
of mABmCD = –1, maka and CD are perpendicular.
adalah berserenjang.
2. mABmBC = –1

( )( )
8 – 2 k – 8 = –1
6 – 1 12 – 6
( )
6 k – 8 = –1
5 6
k – 8 = –5
k=3
3. (a) mQR = 4 – 2 = – 2
–1 – 2 3
The equation of straight line that passes through point P(7, 3) and parallel to QR is
y – 3 = – 2 (x – 7)
3
3y – 9 = –2x + 14 3y + 2x = 23… 1

8
 (b) The equation of straight line that passes through point R(–1, 4) and perpendicular to QR is
y – 4 = 3 (x + 1)
2
2y – 8 = 3x + 3
2y – 3x = 11…2
1 × 3: 9y + 6x = 69…3
2 × 2: 4y – 6x = 22…4
3 + 4: 13y = 91
y = 91
13
y=7
Substitute y = 7 into 1: 3(7) + 2(x) = 23
2x = 23 – 1
2x = 22
x= 1
Thus, coordinate S is (1, 7).
4. (a) mPQ = mQR
–12 – (–6) 6 – (–12)
=
3 – (–1) e–3
3
– = 18
2 e–3
e – 3 = –12
e = –9
(b) mPQmPR = –1

(–  32 )( e 12+ 1 ) = –1
e + 1 = 18
e = 17

5. mPQ = –2 – 1 mRS = h – 5
1 – (–6) –3 – 0
= –  3 = –  h – 5
7 3
( )
– 3 –  h – 5 = –1
7 3
h – 5 = –7
h = –2
6. (a) mAB = 5 – 0
0 – 10
= –  1
2
The equation
Persamaan of straight
garis lurus ABline AB is
ialah
y – 0 = –  1 (x – 10)
2
2y = –x + 10
2y + x = 10
The equation of straight line OC with gradient of 2 and passes through the origin
(0, 0) is y = 2x.

9
 (b) 2y + x = 10…1
y – 2x = 0…2
1 × 2: 4y + 2x = 20…3
2 + 3: 5y = 20
y=4
Substitute y = 4 into 1: 2(4) + x = 10
8 + x = 10
x=2
ºC(2, 4)
Distance
Jarak OC = ! (2 – 0)2 + (4 – 0)2
= ! 20
= 4.472 units
7. (a) 3y – x = 15
3y = x + 15
y = 1x + 5
3
The gradient of DC is 1 .
3
Equation AB that parallel
parellel to DC and passses through point A(1, 2) is
y – 2 = 1 (x – 1)
3
3y – 6 = x – 1
3y – x = 5
Because DE is the perpendicular bisector of DC,
1
3 m2 = –1
m2 = –3
Gradient of DE is –3.
Equation DE that perpendicular to DC and passes through point D(3, 6) is
y – 6 = –3(x – 3)
y – 6 = –3x + 9
y + 3x = 15
(b) The coordinate of E is the values of x and y of the simultaneous equation AB and DE.
3y – x = 5…1
y + 3x = 15…2
1 × 3: 9y – 3x = 15…3
2 + 3: 10y = 30
y=3
Substitute y = 3 into 1: 3(3) – x = 5
9–x=5
x=4
º The coordinate of E is (4, 3).
Since DE is the perpendicular bisector of AB, thus E is the midpoint of AB. Let the
coordinate of point B is (x, y).

10
 Thus (
Jadi, 1 + x ,
2
2+y
2 )
= (4, 3)
2+y
Which is 1 + x = 4 and
Iaitu, dan =3
2 2
1 + x = 8 2+y=6
x=7 y=4
º The coordinate of B is (7, 4).
8. (a) mAB = 10 – 6 mBC = 4 – 10
11 – 3 9 – 11
= 1 =3
2
mCD = 4 – 2 mAD = 6 – 2
9–5 3–5
= 1 = –2
2
Since mAB = mCD thus, AB and CD are parallel.
Since mABmAD = –1, thus AB and AD are perpendicular.
Since mCDmAD = –1, thus CD and AD are perpendicular.
(b) Equation of straight line AB
y – 6 = 1 (x – 3)
2
2y – 12 = x – 3
2y = x + 9
(c) Equation of straight line
y – 4 = –2(x – 9)
y – 4 = –2x + 18
y + 2x – 22 = 0
Midpoint
Titik (
tengah AB = 3 + 11 , 6 + 10
2 2 )
= (7, 8)
Left hand side = 8 + 2(7) – 22
=0
= Left hand side
Thus, the line passes through the midpoint AB.
9 – (–3)
9. (a) (i) mAC =
9–1
= 3
2
Midpoint
Titik (
tengah AC = 9 + 1 ,
2 2 )
9 + (–3)

= (5, 3)
Persamaan
The equationpembahagi dua sama
of perpendicular AC AC
serenjang
bisector
2
y – 3 = –  (x – 5)
3
3y – 9 = –2x + 10
3y + 2x = 19

11
 (ii) 3y + 2x = 19…1
y – 8x = –63…2
1 × 4: 12y + 8x = 76…3
2 + 3: 13y = 13
y=1
Substitute y = 1 into 1: 3(1) + 2x = 19
2x = 16
x=8
Thus, coordinate B is (8, 1).
(b) (i) Let point D is (x, y)
( )
x + 8 , y + 1 = (5, 3)
2 2
x+8 =5 y+1
=3
2 2
x + 8 = 10 y+1=6
x = 2 y=5
Maka,
Thuskoordinat D ialah
coordinate D is (2, 5).
(ii) AC = ! (9 + 3)2 + (9 – 1)2
= ! 208
= 4! 13
BD = ! (1 – 5)2 + (8 – 2)2
= ! 52
= 2! 13
AC = 4! 13
BD 2! 13
=2
(Shown)
AC = 2BD (tertunjuk)
10. (a) 3y − x = 8 …1
y − x = 4 …2
1 − 2: 2y = 4
y=2
Substitute y = 2 into 1: 3(2) − x = 8
6−x=8
x = −2
Thus, coordinate P is (−2, 2). (Shown)
(b) The equation of straight line perpendicular to m = − 1 and passes through point P(−2, 2) is
2
1
y − 2 = −  (x + 2)
2
2y − 4 = −x − 2
2y + x = 2 (Shown)
(tertunjuk)
(c) The equation of straight line AB with m = 2 and passes through point P(−2, 2) is
y − 2 = 2(x + 2)
y − 2 = 2x + 4
y = 2x + 6

12
 at x-axis, y = 0,
0 = 2x + 6
2x = −6
x = −3
and at y-axis, x = 0,
y = 2(0) + 6
y=6
Thus, coordinate A is (−3, 0) and coordinate B is (0, 6). (shown)
(d) Let P(−2, 2) divides AB in the ratio m : n and x-coordinate of P is −2.
n(–3) + m(0)
Thus
Jadi, = −2
m+n
−3n = −2m − 2n
2m = n
m= 1
n 2
Thus, ratio AP is 1 . (Shown)
PB 2
8 – (–2)
11. mAB =
1 – (– 4)
=2
Equation of tangent BC
y – 8 = – 1 (x – 1)
2
2y – 16 = –x + 1
2y + x = 17
Inquiry 3 (Page 192)
3. (a) AD = 4 units, DE = 4 units, BE = 5 units and CD = 8 units
(b) Area ∆ACD = 16 units2, area trapezium BCDE = 26 units2 and area ∆ABE = 20 units2
(c) Area ∆ABC = 22 units2
4. Area ∆ABC = Area ∆ACD + area trapezium BCDE – area ∆ABE
= 16 + 26 – 20
= 22 units2
5. Yes, there are many ways to determine the area of a triangle, one of it is by using formula.

Self Practices 7.6 (Page 195)

5 2 8 5
1. (a) Area = 1
2 10 1 3 10
= 1 [(5 + 6 + 80) – (20 + 8 + 15)]
2
= 1 (48)
2
= 24 units2

13
 3 6 – 4 3
(b) Area= 1
2 1 4 2 1

= 1 [(12 + 12 – 4) – (6 – 16 + 6)]
2
= 1 (24)
2
= 12 units2
– 4 5 2 – 4
(c) Area = 1
2 –3 1 6 –3

= 1 [(– 4 + 30 – 6) – (–15 + 2 – 24)]

2
= 1 (57)
2
= 28 1 units2
2
2. 1 3 1 k 3 = 10
2 4 –2 0 4
1 [(–6 + 0 + 4k) – (4 – 2k + 0)] = ±10
2
1 (6k –10) = ±10
2
1 (6k –10) = 10 1 (6k –10) =
–10
2 2
6k – 10 = 20 6k – 10 =
–20
6k = 30 6k =
–10
k = 5 k=–  5
3
( )
Thus, the possible coordinates of R are (5, 0) or – 5 , 0 .
3
1 8 2 –2 8
3. Area =
2 4 1 –1 4
= 1 [(8 – 2 – 8) – (8 – 2 – 8)]
2
= 0 (Shown)
4. 1 –2 2 10 –2 = 0
2 –1 p 5 –1
1 [(–2p + 10 – 10) – (–2 + 10p – 10)] = 0
2
1 (12 – 12p) = 0
2
12 – 12p = 0
12p = 12
p= 1

5. (a) 1 – 4 5 –1 – 4 = 15

2 –1 3 k –1
1 [(–12 + 5k + 1) – (–5 – 3 – 4k)] = ±15
2 1 (9k – 3) = ±15
2

14
 1 (9k – 3) = 15 1 (9k – 3) = –15
2 2
9k – 3 = 30 9k – 3 = –30
9k = 33 9k = –27
k = 11 k= –3
3
(b) 1 5 3 1 5 = 10
2 k 7 3 k
1 [(35 + 9 + k) – (3k + 7 + 15)] = ±10
2
1 (22 – 2k) = ±10
2
1 1 (22 – 2k) = –10
2 2
22 – 2k = 20 22 – 2k = –20
2k = 2 2k = 42
k = 1 k= 21

(c) 1 1 k 1 1 = 12
2 –2 6 2 –2
1 [(6 + 2k – 2) – (–2k + 6 + 2)] = ±12
2
1 (4k – 4) = ±12
2
1 1 (4k – 4) = –12
2 2
4k – 4 = 24 4k – 4 = –24
4k = 28 4k = –20
k = 7 k= –5

(d) 1 3 4 1 3 =5
2 0 k 4 0
1 [(3k + 16 + 0) – (0 + k + 12)] = ±5
2
1 (2k + 4) = ±5
2
1 (2k + 4) = 5 1 (2k + 4) = –5
2 2
2k + 4 = 10 2k + 4 = –10
2k = 6 2k = –14
k=3 k= –7
Self Practice 7.7 (Page 196)
1. 1 1 –5 –2 2 1
(a) Area = 2 7 6 –4 –3 7
= 1 [(6 + 20 + 6 + 14) – (–35 – 12 – 8 – 3)]
2
= 1 (104)
2
= 52 units2

15
 2 –6 –1 8 2
(b) Area = 1
2 9 4 –3 1 9

= 1 [(8 + 18 – 1 + 72) – (–54 – 4 – 24 + 2)]

2
= 1 (177)
2
= 88 1 units2
2
0 –6 –3 –1 0
(c) Area = 1
2 2 –2 –5 –3 2

= 1 [(0 + 30 + 9 – 2) – (–12 + 6 + 5 + 0)]

2
= 1 (38)
2
= 19 units2

3 –2 2 5 3
(d) Area = 1
2 4 0 – 4 1 4

= 1 [(0 + 8 + 2 + 20) – (–8 + 0 – 20 + 3)]

2
= 1 (55)
2
= 27 1 units2
2
2. 1 k –2 4 2 k = 30
2 6 1 5 8 6
1 [(k – 10 + 32 + 12) – (–12 + 4 + 10 + 8k)] = 30
2
1 (32 – 7k) = 30
2
32 – 7k = 60
7k = –28
k = –4
Self Practices 7.8 (Page 197)
–2 3 2 0 –3 –2
1. Area = 1
2 –5 2 8 9 1 –5

= 1 [(– 4 + 24 + 18 + 0 + 15) – (–15 + 4 + 0 – 27 – 2)]

2
= 1 (93)
2
= 46 1 units2
2

16
 0 2 1 –2 – 4 –3 0
2. Area = 1
2 –1 1 5 6 2 –1 –1

= 1 [(0 + 10 + 6 – 4 + 4 + 3) – (–2 + 1 – 10 – 24 – 6 – 0)]

2
= 1 (60)
2
= 30 units2
Self Practices 7.9 (Page 198)
(
1. (a) M = –1 + 5 , 6 + 2
2 2 )
= (2, 4)
–3 + x = 2 and 0+y
dan =4
2 2
–3 + x = 4 y=8
x=7
º C(7, 8)

–3 5 2 –3
(b) Area ∆ABM = 1
2 0 2 4 0

= 1 [(–6 + 20 + 0) – (0 + 4 – 12)]
2
= 1 (22)
2
= 11 units2

–3 5 7 –1 –3
Area ABCD = 1
2 0 2 8 6 0

= 1 [(–6 + 40 + 42 – 0) – (0 + 14 – 8 – 18)]
2
= 1 (88)
2
= 44 units2
Thus, the ratio area ∆ABM to the area of parallelogram ABCD is 11 : 44 = 1 : 4.
0 8–k 0 0
2. (a) 1 2 = 12
2
0 k 8 0
1
2
1 1 (32 – 4k) = 12
2 2
32 – 4k = –24 32 – 4k = 24
4k = 56 4k = 8
k = 14 k=2
ºk=2
(b) P(3, 2)

17
3. (a) Area ∆ABC = 1 4 7 4 4
2 –2 5 7 –2

= 1 [(20 + 49 – 8) – (–14 + 20 + 28)]

2
= 1 (27)
2
= 13 1 units2
2

(b) 1 4 4 k 4 = 27
2 –2 7 0 –2 2
1 [(28 + 0 – 2k) – (–8 + 7k + 0)] = 27
2 2
36 – 9k = 27
9k = 9
k=1
Midpoint
(c) Titik tengah AB = ( 4 +
2
7 , –2
)+
2
5

= 11 , 3 ( 2 2)
x + 4 = 11 y+7
= 3
2 2 2 2
2x + 8 = 22 2y + 14 = 6
x=7 y = –4
º E(7, – 4)
4 7 7 4 4
(d) Area ACBE = 1
2 –2 – 4 5 7 –2

= 1 [(–16 + 35 + 49 – 8) – (–14 – 28 + 20 + 28)]

2
= 1 (54)
2
= 27 units2
Intensive Practice 7.3 (Page 199)

(
1. Midpoint AC = –5 + 3 , 3 + 5
2 2 )
= (–1, 4)
º E(–1, 4)
x + 0 = –1 y + (–2)
=4
2 2
x = –2 y = 10
º D(–2, 10)
–5 0 3 –2 –5
(b) Area ABCD = 1
2 3 –2 5 10 3

= 1 [(10 + 0 + 30 – 6) – (0 – 6 – 10 – 50)]
2
= 1 (100)
2
= 50 units2
18
 2. (a) Titik
Midpoint
tengah PR = ( 3 +2(–5) , 3 +2(–1) )
= (–1, 1)
h + 0 = –1 and
dan 3+k =1
2 2
h = –2 k = –1
3 –2 –5 0 3
(b) Area PQRS = 1
2 3 3 –1 –1 3

= 1 [(9 + 2 + 5 + 0) – (–6 – 15 + 0 – 3)]

2
= 1 (40)
2
= 20 units2
–1 2 6 –1
3. (a) Area ∆ABC = 1
2 –5 1 9 –5

= 1 [(–1 + 18 – 30) – (–10 + 6 – 9)]

2
= 1 (0)
2
= 0 unit2
(b) Points A, B and C are collinear.
4. Area of polygon = 1 5 2 –3 – 4 –1 3 5
2 2 6 2 0 –3 –2 2

= 1 [(30 + 4 + 12 + 2 + 6) – (4 – 18 – 8 – 9 – 10)]
2
= 1 (95)
2
= 47 1 unit
units2 2
2
5. 1 5 3 –6 5 = 16
2 –1 3 p –1
1 [(15 + 3p + 6) – (–3 – 18 + 5p)] = ±16
2
1 [(42 – 2p) = ±16
2
1 1 [(42 – 2p) = –16
2 2
42 – 2p = 32 42 – 2p = –32
2p = 10 2p = 74
p = 5 p= 37

19
 1 2 r–1 r+3 2
6. =0
2 2r – 1 r + 1 0 2r – 1
1 [2(r + 1) + 0 + (r + 3)(2r – 1) – (2r – 1)(r – 1) – (r + 1)(r + 3) – 0] = 0
2
2r + 2 + 2r2 + 5r – 3 – 2r2 + 3r – 1 – r2 – 4r – 3 = 0
–5 + 6r – r2 = 0
r2 – 6r + 5 = 0
(r – 1)(r – 5) = 0
r= 1 or r = 5
1 8 –1 3 8
7. (a) =0
2 a 2 10 a
1 [(16 – 10 + 3a) – (–a + 6 + 80)] = 0
2
4a = 80
a = 20

(b) 1 8 –1 3 8 = 12
2 a 2 10 a
1 [(16 – 10 + 3a) – (–a + 6 + 80)] = ±12
2
1 (4a – 80) = ±12
2
1 (4a – 80) = 12 1 (4a – 80) = –12
2 2
4a – 80 = 24 4a – 80 = –24
4a = 104 4a = 56
a = 26 a= 14
8. (a) EF = FG
! (k – 4) + (0 – 4)2 = ! (4 – 8)2 + (4 – 7)2
2

k2 – 8k + 16 + 16 = 25
k2 – 8k + 7 = 0
(k – 1)(k – 7) = 0
k = 1 or k = 7
Thus, the value of k is 7.
(b) (i) EH = GH
! (x – 0) + (11 – 7)2 = ! (x – 7)2 + (11 – 8)2
2

x2 + 16 = x2 – 14x + 49 + 9
14x = 42
x=3
º H(3, 11)
0 4 7 0
(ii) Area ∆EFG = 1
2 7 4 8 7

= 1 [(0 + 32 + 49) – (28 + 28 + 0)]

2
= 1 (25)
2
= 12 1 units2
2
20
 0 4 7 3 0
Area EFGH = 1
2 7 4 8 11 7

= 1 [(0 + 32 + 77 + 21) – (28 + 28 + 24 + 0)]

2
= 1 (50)
2
= 25 units
unit22
Nisbah
Ratio luas luas EFGH = 25 : 25
area ∆EFG : area
2
=1:2

9. (a) 1 0 m + 1 2m + 1 m 0
= 34 1
2 0 m – 7 2m m + 6 0 2
1 [(2m2 + 2m + 2m2 + 13m + 6) – (2m2 – 13m – 7 + 2m2] = ±34 1
2 2
1 (28m + 13) = ±34 1
2 2
1 (28m + 13) = 34 1 atau
or 1 (28m + 13) = –34 1
2 2 2 2
28m + 13 = 69 28m + 13 = –69
m = 2 m = –  41
14
Thus m = 2 (. 0)
Maka,
0 3 2 0
(b) Area ∆OPR = 1
2 0 –5 8 0

= 1 [(0 + 24 + 0) – (0 – 10 + 0)]
2
= 1 (34)
2
= 17 units
unit22
10. (a) AB = ! (0 – 9)2 + (7 – 0)2
= ! 130
= 11.402 units
= 11.402 × 100 m
= 1140.2 m
= 1.1402 km
0 7 12 0
(b) Area = 1
2 9 0 12 9

= 1 [(0 + 84 + 108) – (63 + 0 + 0)]

2
= 1 (129)
2
= 64.5 units
unit22
1 unit = 100 m (0.1 km)
1 unit2 = 0.01 km2
64.5 unit2 = 0.645 km2
Thus, the area covered by the three stations is 0.645 km2.
21
 Inquiry 4 (Page 200)
4. The shape of locus P formed is a circle.
5. (x – x1)2 + (y – y1)2 = r2

Inquiry 5 (Page 201)

4. Yes. The circle is locus of moving point P.
(x – x1)2 + (y – y1)2 m2
The equation
Persamaan is
ialah 2 =
(x – x2) + (y – y2)
2
n2
6. If PA : PB = 1 : 1, point P(x, y) always has the same distance from two fixed points
A(x1, y1) and B(x2, y2). Thus, locus P is the perpendicular bisector of line AB. The
equation is
PA = PB
(x – x1)2 + (y – y1)2 = (x – x2)2 + (y – y2)2

Self Practice 7.10 (Page 203)

1. (a) ! (x – 0)2 + (y – 0)2 = 3
x2 + y2 = 9
x + y2 – 9 = 0
2

(b) ! (x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 3

x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 = 9
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 4 = 0
(c) ! (x + 4)2 + (y – 5)2 = 3
x2 + 8x + 16 + y2 – 10y + 25 = 9
x2 + y2 + 8x – 10y + 32 = 0
(d) ! (x + 1)2 + (y + 6)2 = 3
x2 + 2x + 1 + y2 + 12y + 36 = 9
x2 + y2 + 2x + 12y + 28 = 0
2. ! (x + 2)2 + (y – 1)2 = 5
x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 – 2y + 1 = 25
x2 + y2 + 4x – 2y – 20 = 0

3. (a) PA = 1
PB 2
2PA = PB
2! (x + 2)2 + (y – 0)2 = 1! (x – 4)2 + (y – 0)2
4(x2 + 4x + 4 + y2) = 1(x2 – 8x + 16 + y2)
4x2 + 16x + 4y2 + 16 = x2 – 8x + y2 + 16
3x2 + 3y2 + 24x = 0
x2 + y2 + 8x = 0

22
 (b) PC = 1
PD 3
3PC = PD
3! (x + 3) + (y – 0)2 =
2
1! (x – 2)2 + (y – 5)2
9(x2 + 6x + 9 + y2) = 1(x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 10y + 25)
9x2 + 54x + 81 + 9y2 = x2 – 4x + y2 – 10y + 29
8x2 + 58x + 8y2 + 10y + 52 = 0
4x2 + 4y2 + 29x + 5y + 26 = 0

(c) PE = 3
PF 2
2PE = 3PF
2! (x – 0) + (y – 2)2 =
2
3! (x + 2)2 + (y – 4)2
4(x2 + y2 – 4y + 4) = 9(x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 – 8y + 16)
4x2 + 4y2 – 16y + 16 = 9x2 + 36x + 36 + 9y2 – 72y + 144
5x + 36x + 5y2 – 56y + 164 =
2
0
5x2 + 5y2 + 36x – 56y + 164 = 0

(d) PR = 2
PS 1
PR = 2PS
! (x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = 2! (x – 4)2 + (y + 1)2
(x2 – 2x + 1 + y2 – 4y + 4) = 4(x2 – 8x + 16 + y2 + 2y + 1)
x2 – 2x + y2 – 4y + 5 = 4x2 – 32x + 4y2 + 8y + 68
3x – 30x + 3y2 + 12y + 63 = 0
2

x2 + y2 – 10x + 4y + 21 = 0
QJ 2
4. =
QK 3
3QJ = 2QK
3! (x + 1) + (y – 3)2 =
2
2! (x – 4)2 + (y – 6)2
9(x2 + 2x + 1 + y2 – 6y + 9) = 4(x2 – 8x + 16 + y2 – 12y + 36)
9x2 + 18x + 9y2 – 54y + 90 = 4x2 – 32x + 4y2 – 48y + 208
5x2 + 5y2 + 50x – 6y – 118 = 0
5. RA = 2RB
! (x – 6) + (y – 0)2 =
2
2! (x + 3)2 + (y – 0)2
x2 – 12x + 36 + y2 = 4(x2 + 6x + 9 + y2)
x2 – 12x + 36 + y2 = 4x2 + 24x + 36 + 4y2
3x2 + 3y2 + 36x = 0
x2 + y2 + 12x = 0

23
6. PO = 1
PA 4
4PO = PA
4! x2 + y2 = ! (x – 2)2 + (y – 0)2
16(x2 + y2) = x2 – 4x + 4 + y2
15x + 15y2 + 4x – 4 =
2
0
7. (a) PA = PB
! (x + 2) + y2 =
2
! x2 + (y – 4)2
x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 = x2 + y2 – 8y + 16
4x + 8y – 12 = 0
x + 2y – 3 = 0
(b) PA = PB

! (x + 3)2 + (y – 5)2 = ! (x – 2)2 + (y + 4)2

x 2 + 6x + 9 + y2 – 10y + 25 = x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 + 8y + 16
10x – 18y + 14 = 0
5x – 9y + 7 = 0

(c) PA = PB

! (x – 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = ! (x – 6)2 + (y – 8)2

x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 = x2 – 12x + 36 + y2 – 16y + 64
8x + 10y – 87 = 0

Self Practice 7.11 (Page 204)

1. PA = 4
! (x – 3) + (y – 4)2 = 4
2

x – 6x + 9 + y2 – 8y + 16 = 16
2

x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 9 = 0
2. (a) PQ = PR
! (x – 8) + (y – 7)2 = ! (x – 11)2 + (y – 4)2
2

x – 16x + 64 + y2 – 14y + 49 = x2 – 22x + 121 + y2 – 8y + 16

2

6x – 6y – 24 = 0
x–y–4=0
(b) ST = 5
! (x – 7) + (y – 8)2 = 5
2

x – 14x + 49 + y2 – 16y + 64 = 25
2

x2 + y2 – 14x – 16y + 88 = 0 (Shown)

(c) y = x – 4…1
x2 + y2 – 14x – 16y + 88 = 0…2

24
 Substitute 1 into 2
x2 + (x – 4)2 – 14x – 16(x – 4) + 88 = 0
x + x2 – 8x + 16 – 14x – 16x + 64 + 88 = 0
2

2x2 – 38x + 168 = 0

x2 – 19x + 84 = 0
(x – 7)(x – 12) = 0
x = 7 or x = 12
Substitute x = 7 into 1: y = 7 – 4
=3
Substitute x = 12 into 1: y = 12 – 4
=8
Thus, the intersection point is (7, 3) or (12, 8).
3. (a) PA = 2
PB 1
PA = 2PB
! (x + 2) + y2 = 2! (x – 1)2 + y2
2

x + 4x + 4 + y2 = 4(x2 – 2x + 1 + y2)
2

x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 = 4x2 – 8x + 4y2 + 4
3x2 + 3y2 – 12x = 0
x2 + y2 – 4x = 0 (Shown)
(b) Substitute point C(2, 2) into the equation of circle:
22 + 22 – 4(2) = 0
= right hand side
Thus, point C(2, 2) is on the circle.
Intensive Practice 7.4 (Page 205)
1. (a) 2RA = RB
2! (x + 1) + (y – 10)2 = ! (x – 2)2 + (y – 6)2
2

4(x2 + 2x + 1 + y2 – 20y + 100) = x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 – 12y + 36

4x2 + 8x + 4y2 – 80y + 404 = x2 – 4x + y2 – 12y + 40
3x2 + 3y2 + 12x – 68y + 364 = 0
(b) At y-axis, x = 0
3y2 – 68y + 364 = 0
(3y – 26)(y – 14) = 0
y = 26 or y = 14
( )
3
The coordinate of locus R that touches y-axis is 0, 26 and (0, 14).
3
2. mASmBS = –1
( )(
y–1 y–9
x–1 x–7 ) = –1
(y – 1)(y – 9) = –(x – 1)(x – 7)
y2 – 10y + 9 = –x2 + 8x – 7
x2 + y2 – 8x – 10y + 16 = 0

25
 3.(a) Radius
Jejari bulatan
of circle = ! (8 – 5)2 + (2 – 6)2
= ! 25
=5
! (x – 6)2 + (y – 5)2 = 5
x – 12x + 36 + y2 – 10y + 25 = 25
2

x2 + y2 – 12x – 10y + 36 = 0
(b) When S(k, 2),
k2 + (2)2 – 12k – 10(2) + 36 = 0
k2 – 12k + 20 = 0
(k – 2)(k – 10) = 0
k = 2 or k = 10
4. PS = PR
x + 1 = ! (x – 1)2 + y2
(x + 1)2 = (x – 1)2 + y2
x2 + 2x + 1 = x2 – 2x + 1 + y2
y2 = 4x
5. (a) a2 + b 2 = 92
a2 + b 2 = 81
2(0) + 1(a) 2(b) + 1(0)
(b) x = y=
3 3
x= a y = 2b
3 3
a = 3x b = 3y
2
Substitute a = 3x and b = 3 y into a2 + b 2 = 81
2
( ) 2
(3x)2 + 3 y = 81
2
9x + 9 y2 = 81
2
4
36x2 + 9y2 = 324
4x2 + y2 = 36
6. 21 m
P 2 A1m D 1 m
1m S 2

B R
C
11 m
2

Q
The locus consists of curves of a quadrant of 3 circles:
(i) APQ which is a quadrant with center A and radius of 2 1 m.
2
(ii) BQR which is a quadrant with center B and radius of 1 1 m.
2
(iii) CRS which is a quadrant with center C and radius of 1 m.
2
26
Mastery Practice (Page 207-209)
1. (a) h + 7 = 2 1+k =3
2 2
h + 7 = 4 1+k=6
h = –3 k=5
(b) mAB = 5 – 1
7 – (–3)
= 4
10
= 2
5
(c) m = –  5 , (2, 3)
2
y – 3 = –  5 (x – 2)
2
2y – 6 = –5x + 10
2y + 5x = 16
3(–2) + 2(8) 3(6) + 2(– 4)
2. (a) x = y=
5 5
= 10 = 10
5 5
= 2 = 2
º P(2, 2)
6 – (– 4)
(b) mAB =
–2 – 8
= –1
m = 1, (2, 2)
y – 2 = 1(x – 2)
y–2=x–2
y=x
3. mPQ = mQR
2 – (–1) n+3–2
=
n–1 n2 – n
3 = n+1
n–1 n2 – n
3(n – n) = (n + 1)(n – 1)
2

3n2 – 3n = n2 – 1
2n – 3n + 1 = 0
2

(2n – 1)(n – 1) = 0
n = 1 or n = 1
2

27
4. Let coordinate T is (0, h).

 
1 –3 3 0 –3   = 13.5
2 4 –1 h 4
1 [(3 + 3h + 0) – (12 – 0 – 3h)] = ±13.5
2
1 (3 + 3h – 12 + 3h) = ±13.5
2
1 (6h – 9) = ±13.5
2
1 (6h – 9) = 13.5 1 (6h – 9) = –13.5
2 2
6h – 9 = 27 6h – 9 = –27
6h = 36 6h = –18
h = 6 h = –3
Thus, the possible coordinates of T is (0, 6) or (0, –3).
5. PA = 3PB
! (x – 2) + (y – 0)2 = 3! (x + 4)2 + (y – 0)2
2

x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 = 9(x2 + 8x + 16 + y2)
x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 = 9x2 + 72x + 144 + 9y2
8x2 + 8y2 + 76x + 140 = 0
2x2 + 2y2 + 19x + 35 = 0
1(–3) + 2(6) 1(–1) + 2(5)
6. x = y=
3 3
= 9 = 9
3 3
= 3 =3
Both birds meet at coordinate (3, 3).
7. (a) Area ∆ ABC = 10
1 × 4 × t = 10
2
t=5
x= 2 + 6 y=2–5
2
= 4 = –3
º C(4, –3)
y + (–3)
(b) x + 4 = 6 =2
2 2
x + 4 = 12 y–3=4
x=8 y=7
º D(8, 7)
(c) (i) mAC = –3 – 2
4–2
= –  5
2

28
 k–7 =–5
11 – 8 2
2(k – 7) = –5(3)
2k – 14 = –15
2k = –1
k = –  1
2
1
– – (–3)
(ii) mEC = 2
11 – 4
= 5
14
mDE = –  5
2
mEC × mDE = 5 × – 5
14 2
= – 25
28
≠ –1
º CED is not a right-angled triangle.
8. (a) y = 2x – 5…1
y = 1 x…2
3
Substitute 2 into 1

1 x = 2x – 5
3
x = 6x – 15
5x = 15
x=3
Substitute x = 3 into 2

y = 1 (3)
3
=1
º P(3, 1)
(b) m = –3, R(11, 7)
Equation QR: y – 7 = –3(x – 11)
y – 7 = –3x + 33
y + 3x = 40

m = 1 , R(11, 7)
3
Equation SR: y – 7 = 1 (x – 11)
3
3y – 21 = x – 11
3y – x = 10

29
(c) y + 3x = 40…1
y = 1 x…2
3
Substitute 2 into 1
1 x + 3x = 40
3
x + 9x = 120
10x = 120
x = 12
Substitute x = 12 into 2

y = 1 (12)
3
=4
º Q(12, 4)
y – 2x = –5…1
3y – x = 10…2
2 × 2: 6y – 2x = 20…3
3 – 1: 5y = 25
y=5
Substitute y = 5 into 1
5 – 2x = –5
2x = 10
x= 5
º S(5, 5)
3 12 11 5 3
(d) Area PQRS = 1
2 1 4 7 5 1

= 1 [(12 + 84 + 55 + 5) – (12 + 44 + 35 + 15)]

2
= 1 (50)
2
= 25 units2
3 12 11 3
Area ∆PQR = 1
2 1 4 7 1

= 1 [(12 + 84 + 11) – (12 + 44 + 21)]

2
= 1 (30)
2
= 15 units2
3 11 5 3
Area ∆PRS = 1
2 1 7 5 1

= 1 [(21 + 55 + 5) – (11 + 35 + 15)]

2
= 1 (20)
2
= 10 units
unit2 2

30
 PQ = ! (12 – 3)2 + (4 – 1)2 SR = ! (11 – 5)2 + (7 – 5)2
= ! 90 = ! 40
= 3! 10 = 2! 10
Area ∆ PQR 15
Luas
=
Luas ∆ PRS
Area 10
= 3
2
PQ 3! 10
=
SR 2! 10
= 3
2
Area ∆ PQR = PQ (tertunjuk)
Luas (Shown)
Luas ∆ PRS
Area SR
1 2 11 5 2
9. (a) Area ∆ JKL =
2 1 5 9 1

= 1 [(10 + 99 + 5) – (11 + 25 + 18)]

2
= 1 (60)
2
= 30 units2

2 11 h 2
(b) Area ∆ JKP = 1
2 1 5 k 1

= 1 [(10 + 11k + h) – (11 + 5h + 2k)]

2
= 1 (9k – 4h – 1)
2
= 9k – 4h – 1
2
11 5 h 11
Area ∆ KLP = 1
2 5 9 k 5

= 1 [(99 + 5k + 5h) – (25 + 9h + 11k)]

2
= 1 (74 – 6k – 4h)
2
= 37 – 3k – 2h
(c) 9k – 4h – 1 = 10
2
9k – 4h – 1 = 20
9k – 4h = 21…1
37 – 3k – 2h = 10
3k + 2h = 27…2
2 × 2: 6k + 4h = 54…3
1 + 3: 15k = 75
k=5

31
 Substitute k = 5 into 1
9(5) – 4h = 21
45 – 4h = 21
4h = 24
h=6
º P(6, 5)
(d) J(2, 1), P(6, 5)
mJP = 5 – 1
6–2
=1
Equation JP
y – 1 = 1(x – 2)
y–1=x–2
y=x–1
(e) (i) mKL = 9 – 5
5 – 11
= 4
–6
= –  2
3
Equation KL:
y – 5 = –  2 (x – 11)
3
3y – 15 = –2x + 22
3y + 2x = 37…1
y – x = –1…2
2 × 2: 2y – 2x = –2…3
1 + 3: 5y = 35
y=7
Substitute y = 7 into 1
3(7) + 2x = 37
2x = 16
x=8
º Q(8, 7)
n(11) + m(5)
(ii) =8
m+n
11n + 5m = 8m + 8n
3m = 3n
m= 3
n 3
= 1
1
º KQ : QL = 1 : 1
10. (a) OR = ! 45
! x + y2 =
2
! 45
x2 + y2 = 45…1
y= –2x…2

32
 Substitute 2 into 1
x2 + (–2x)2 = 45
5x2 = 45
x2 = 9
x = ±3
Substitute x = –3 into 2
y = –2(–3)
=6
º R(–3, 6)
mOR = 6 – 0
–3 – 0
= –2
Equation RS

y – 6 = 1 (x + 3)
2
2y – 12 = x + 3
2y = x + 15
At y-axis, x = 0
2y = 0 + 15
y = 15
2
(
º S 0, 15
2)
Equation ST
y – 15 = –2(x – 0)
2
2y + 4x = 15…1
y = 2x…2
Gantikan 2 ke
Substitute intodalam 1
2(2x) + 4x = 15
8x = 15
x = 15
8
When x =
Apabila 15
8 ( )
, y = 2 15
8
= 15
4
(
º T 15 , 15
8 4 )
0 15 0 –3 0
(b) Area ORST = 1
8
15 215 6 0
0
4 2
= 1 225 + 45
2 16 2 ( )
9
= 18 units2
32

33
11. (a) y = 8
x
At point P(h, 8)
8
8= h
h=1
At point Q(k, 2)
8
2= k
k=4
(b) P(1, 8), Q(4, 2)
m= 2–8
4–1
= –2
Equation PQ
y – 8 = –2(x – 1)
y + 2x = 10
(c) y = –2x + 8
y = –2x – 8
12. (a) 5y – x = 33
y = 1 x + 33
5 5
m= 1
5
mBP = –5
Equation BP is
y – 1 = –5(x + 2)
y + 5x + 9 = 0
(b) 5y – x = 33
x = 5y – 33…1
y + 5x + 9 = 0…2
Substitute 1 into 2
y + 5(5y – 33) + 9 = 0
26y – 156 = 0
y = 6
Substitute y = 6 into 1
x = 5(6) – 33
= –3
Thus, the coordinate of P is (−3, 6).
2(–8) + x 2(5) + y
= –3 =6
3 3
–16 + x = –9 10 + y = 18
x=7 y=8
Thus, the coordinate of D is (7, 8).

34
 mDC = mAB = 5–1
–8 – (–2)
= –  2
3
Equation BC
y – 8 = –  2 (x – 7) y – 1 = 1 (x + 2)
3 5
3y – 24 = –2x + 14 5y – 5 = x + 2
3y = –2x + 38 x = 5y – 7
3y = –2x + 38…1
x = 5y – 7…2
Substitute 2 into 1
3y = –2(5y – 7) + 38
13y = 52
y=4
Substitute y = 4 into 2
x = 5(4) – 7
= 13
Thus, coordinate C is (13, 4).
–8 –2 13 7 –8
(c) Area ABCD = 1
2 5 1 4 8 5

= 1 [(–8 – 8 + 104 + 35) – (–10 + 13 + 28 – 64)]

2
= 1 (156)
2
= 78 units
unit22

(
13. (a) E = –1 + 7 , –2 + 4
2 2 )
= (3, 1)
0+x =3 5+y
=1
2 2
x = 6 y = –3
º B = (6, −3)
(b) AB = ! (–1 – 6)2 + (–2 + 3)2
= 5! 2
BC = ! (7 – 6)2 + (4 + 3)2
= 5! 2
CD = ! (0 – 7)2 + (5 – 4)2
= 5! 2
AD = ! (0 + 1)2 + (5 + 2)2
= 5! 2
Since all sides have equal length, thus quadrilateral ABCD is a square.

35
14. (a) P = 6x – 2x – 400
= 4x – 400
º P = 4x – 400
(b)
P

2000
1600
1500
1000

500

x
0 100 200 300 350400 500
− 500

(i) RM1 600

(ii) 350 copies
13.
y

B(6, 7)

P
A (1, 2) C(7, 2)

x
0

36