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Anaesthesia Machine Checklist 2020

This document outlines Dr. A K Sethi's checklist for daily checks of anesthesia machines. It discusses how human error with equipment is a major cause of anesthetic incidents and how checking equipment aims to ensure patient safety and reliable delivery of oxygen, anesthesia, ventilation, and backups. It provides a 14 step process for checking equipment components like monitors, oxygen supplies, vaporizers, breathing systems and ventilator settings. Technicians and anesthetists all have responsibility in conducting the checks.

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Parvathy R Nair
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
763 views

Anaesthesia Machine Checklist 2020

This document outlines Dr. A K Sethi's checklist for daily checks of anesthesia machines. It discusses how human error with equipment is a major cause of anesthetic incidents and how checking equipment aims to ensure patient safety and reliable delivery of oxygen, anesthesia, ventilation, and backups. It provides a 14 step process for checking equipment components like monitors, oxygen supplies, vaporizers, breathing systems and ventilator settings. Technicians and anesthetists all have responsibility in conducting the checks.

Uploaded by

Parvathy R Nair
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dr.

A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Anaesthesia Machine 
daily check list
“The human error plays an important
role in anesthesia incidents”
Dr. Pramod Kohli
Feldman et al 1991

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

“…major contributory cause of Aims of checking


anaesthetic misadventures, resulting • To ensure standards for patient safety
at worst in hypoxic brain damage or
• To ensure reliable delivery of :
death, has been the use of anaesthetic – Oxygen at any concentration up to 100% 

machines and/or breathing systems – Anesthetic agent (vapour / infusion) 


– Positive pressure ventilation
which had not been adequately – Controlled release of positive pressure  
– Backup facilities .. ventilation equipment  
checked beforehand by an anaesthetist.” – Adequate suction

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Who should check?
Machine checks help to…

• Biomedical technicians 
• Prevent / ↓ occurrence of untoward incidents 

• Operating room technicians 
• Facilitate appropriate management

• Ensure all possibilities have been considered Implementation of these checks is ..
.. the responsibility of the anaesthetist
• Audit 
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

P A C ‐ 2008

Step 1Ensure availability and functioning of Step 2 Ensure availability and functioning of 

Auxiliary oxygen source   Suction ‐ adequate negative pressure


separate from pipeline / machine source ‐ wide bore catheter handy
cylinder with regulator & key
Step 3Switch on the Power 
Self inflating manual ventilation device  ‐ ensure AC supply
‐ check battery status

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Step 4Check the monitors
‐ availability
‐ functional status
‐ accessories – cuffs, leads, probes 
electrodes, sampling lines
‐ alarms – limits, audio and visual

Step 5Check oxygen cylinder pressure
‐ at least 1000 psig
‐ properly mounted 
‐ close valve after checking

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Step 6 Check pipeline pressure is 50 psig

Step 7 Check vapourisers
‐ well fitted, not tilted
‐ adequately filled (not over filled)
‐ filling port firmly closed
‐ dial movements smooth over the 
entire range
‐ vapour concentration alarms
‐ ensure > 1 cannot be turned on 
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Step 8 Check for leaks
‐ automated self tests • +ve pressure relief
‐ test with each vapourizer on  ‐ open APL, close pt’s end, use O2 flush
‐ switch off vapouriser after testing ‐ pressure must not ↑ > 7 mmHg
‐ perform negative pressure leak test
‐ repeat after changing vapouriser • –ve pressure relief
‐ all flows & pt’s end closed, APL open
Step 9 Check the scavenging system ‐ turn on vacuum
‐ connections well fitted ‐ bag should collapse &
‐ vacuum adequate ‐ pressure must remain ± 2 mm Hg
‐ +ve and –ve pressure relief

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Step 12 Check the breathing system
Step 10 Check oxygen calibration ‐ assembly
‐ ensure 21 % on room air ‐ connections
‐ check minimum conc alarm
‐ pressure
‐ mention main monitor 
‐ leaks
Step 11 Check CO2 absorber ‐ automated tests
‐ composition
‐ when changed Step 13 Ensure smooth gas flow 
‐ exhausted or not ‐ in both mechanical & manual ventilation
‐ use capnometry ‐ status of unidirectional valves
‐ use dummy lung and capnometry

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Check again before each use
Step 14 Documentation
‐ record completion of test
‐ computerized record • Suction
• Monitors 
Step 15 Check ventilator settings • Vapourisers
‐ mode ‐ rate ‐ ratio • CO2 absorber
‐ volume ‐ pressure • Breathing system
‐ alarms • Smooth flow of gases
• Documentation 
Perform steps 1 – 15 once daily and … • Ventilator
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

…contd
Electronic testing
Ask yourself 3 questions
• Incorporated in newer machines
• Is there enough oxygen ?
• Not all tests are performed
‐ FiO2 must read 21 % on air
‐ FiO2 must ↑ when O2 flush is pushed
• User presence essential
• Can I give a breath ?
‐ Dummy lung / feel against cheek
• Takes 3 – 6 minutes to perform
‐ Ensure smooth flow (no obstruction)
• Is there a leak ?
• Automatic recording
‐ High pressure leak test

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

In life threatening situations

The pre‐use check may be bypassed

Still the following must be checked
• Suction Down to the basics
• No leak distal to common gas outlet
• Observe the bag during pre‐oxygenation

Some machines limit the no. of bypasses

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Checking the gas supply

• The tug test – no longer recommended

• Only gases to be used should be attached

• Blanking plugs in empty hanger yokes

• Gases other than O2 need not be tested
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Ensuring adequate oxygen reserves

• Turn off reserve cylinder, use O2 flush till pressure 
guage reads zero.

• Open reserve cylinder 
pressure must be ≥1000 psig

• Check availability of other gases to be used

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Check for leaks in the high pressure system Testing flow‐meters
• With all pipelines and cylinders off, no flow meter 
With pipeline disconnected & flow‐meters and  should function
vapourisers off, open cylinder fully 
• With any one gas source open, only that gas flow 
meter should be operational
• Audible leaks
• The indicator must rise smoothly and maintain 
• pressure ↓ > 50 psig in 5 mins (significant leak) position and rotation for all ranges of flow

Test for each hanger yoke separately • Turning on any vapouriser must not affect the flows

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Checking for leaks
Checking anti‐hypoxic systems Universal leak (negative pressure) test

Ensure hypoxic combination cannot be set  Reverse the BP cuff inflating 
valve
• With O2 and N2O on, and both flows adjusted to mid 
range, switch off O2 cylinder 
‐ N2O flow must stop
‐ Hypoxic alarm must sound

• With both gases on flow, any ↑ in N2O flow must be 
accompanied by ↑ in O2 flow
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Fit it to the common gas outlet
Compress bulb to 
remove all gas from 
the machine

Bulb collapses, must not 
re‐inflate in < 10 secs

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Pressure guage test

• attach manometer to outlet
• ensure firm fit (non leaking)
• turn on O2   Hg column rises
• ↓ flow to maintain 22 mmHg 
• at 22 mmHg , permissible leak = 50 ml / min
• switch off O2
• Pressure ↓ to 15 mmHg in not < 10 secs

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Combined leak test

• close APL valve, attach manometer to pt’s end 
• set flow 5 L / min till reservoir bag fills up and 
pressure rises 
• ↓ flow to maintain to 22 mmHg pressure
• flow at this point = leak

Flow must not be > 350 ml / min
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Squeeze bulb test

• with all gases & vapourisers off, 
• attach manometer to pt’s end of  circuit
• replace bag with bulb and pressurize system till guage
reads 37 mmHg and stop

• pressure  ↓ to 22 mmHg in > 30 secs permissible


• pressure ↓ to 22 mmHg in < 30 secs
significant leak 

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Checking vapourisers

• Check for leaks with each vapouriser in the “on”
position, one at a time

• Turn the vapouriser off after checking

• Repeat after changing vapouriser

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Pressure leak test
Checking the breathing system

• Ensure patency, correct configuration 
• Check connections  ‐ push and twist
• Perform a pressure leak test  
• Check the unidirectional valves within the circle, and 
all exhaust valves
• Soda lime  
• Change bacterial / viral filter and angle piece for 
each patient and check for smooth flow of gases 
through them
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Checking the ventilator

• Proper configuration of the ventilator tubing 
• Check connections
• Set the parameters for use and check the pressure 
generated
• Check the pressure relief valve functions.
• Check alarm limits set and activate them
• Check disconnection alarms 
• Ensure availability of an alternative  

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009 Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Ancillary equipment

• Appropriately sized facemasks, airways, tracheal 
tubes, connectors – check integrity and patency
• Intubation aids ‐ laryngoscopes, intubation forceps, 
bougies etc. 
• Check that the suction apparatus is functioning and 
that all connectors are secure.
• Check that the patient trolley, bed or operating table
can be rapidly tilted head down.

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009


The ideal anaesthetist Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

The future “…is an intelligent, vigilant individual


who is experienced and well rested.
He/she uses appropriate monitors at
Temperature alarm in CO2 absorber system appropriate times. His/her anaesthesia
machine is up-to-date and well maintained,
having been checked personally by
himself/herself…” Anthony P. Adams
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009

Its not the machine, 

but the man / woman behind the machine 
that matters…..
Thank you

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