Anaesthesia Machine Checklist 2020
Anaesthesia Machine Checklist 2020
A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
Anaesthesia Machine
daily check list
“The human error plays an important
role in anesthesia incidents”
Dr. Pramod Kohli
Feldman et al 1991
Who should check?
Machine checks help to…
• Biomedical technicians
• Prevent / ↓ occurrence of untoward incidents
• Operating room technicians
• Facilitate appropriate management
• Ensure all possibilities have been considered Implementation of these checks is ..
.. the responsibility of the anaesthetist
• Audit
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
P A C ‐ 2008
Step 4Check the monitors
‐ availability
‐ functional status
‐ accessories – cuffs, leads, probes
electrodes, sampling lines
‐ alarms – limits, audio and visual
Step 5Check oxygen cylinder pressure
‐ at least 1000 psig
‐ properly mounted
‐ close valve after checking
Step 7 Check vapourisers
‐ well fitted, not tilted
‐ adequately filled (not over filled)
‐ filling port firmly closed
‐ dial movements smooth over the
entire range
‐ vapour concentration alarms
‐ ensure > 1 cannot be turned on
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
Step 8 Check for leaks
‐ automated self tests • +ve pressure relief
‐ test with each vapourizer on ‐ open APL, close pt’s end, use O2 flush
‐ switch off vapouriser after testing ‐ pressure must not ↑ > 7 mmHg
‐ perform negative pressure leak test
‐ repeat after changing vapouriser • –ve pressure relief
‐ all flows & pt’s end closed, APL open
Step 9 Check the scavenging system ‐ turn on vacuum
‐ connections well fitted ‐ bag should collapse &
‐ vacuum adequate ‐ pressure must remain ± 2 mm Hg
‐ +ve and –ve pressure relief
Step 12 Check the breathing system
Step 10 Check oxygen calibration ‐ assembly
‐ ensure 21 % on room air ‐ connections
‐ check minimum conc alarm
‐ pressure
‐ mention main monitor
‐ leaks
Step 11 Check CO2 absorber ‐ automated tests
‐ composition
‐ when changed Step 13 Ensure smooth gas flow
‐ exhausted or not ‐ in both mechanical & manual ventilation
‐ use capnometry ‐ status of unidirectional valves
‐ use dummy lung and capnometry
Check again before each use
Step 14 Documentation
‐ record completion of test
‐ computerized record • Suction
• Monitors
Step 15 Check ventilator settings • Vapourisers
‐ mode ‐ rate ‐ ratio • CO2 absorber
‐ volume ‐ pressure • Breathing system
‐ alarms • Smooth flow of gases
• Documentation
Perform steps 1 – 15 once daily and … • Ventilator
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
…contd
Electronic testing
Ask yourself 3 questions
• Incorporated in newer machines
• Is there enough oxygen ?
• Not all tests are performed
‐ FiO2 must read 21 % on air
‐ FiO2 must ↑ when O2 flush is pushed
• User presence essential
• Can I give a breath ?
‐ Dummy lung / feel against cheek
• Takes 3 – 6 minutes to perform
‐ Ensure smooth flow (no obstruction)
• Is there a leak ?
• Automatic recording
‐ High pressure leak test
In life threatening situations
The pre‐use check may be bypassed
Still the following must be checked
• Suction Down to the basics
• No leak distal to common gas outlet
• Observe the bag during pre‐oxygenation
Some machines limit the no. of bypasses
Checking the gas supply
• The tug test – no longer recommended
• Only gases to be used should be attached
• Blanking plugs in empty hanger yokes
• Gases other than O2 need not be tested
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
Ensuring adequate oxygen reserves
• Turn off reserve cylinder, use O2 flush till pressure
guage reads zero.
• Open reserve cylinder
pressure must be ≥1000 psig
• Check availability of other gases to be used
Check for leaks in the high pressure system Testing flow‐meters
• With all pipelines and cylinders off, no flow meter
With pipeline disconnected & flow‐meters and should function
vapourisers off, open cylinder fully
• With any one gas source open, only that gas flow
meter should be operational
• Audible leaks
• The indicator must rise smoothly and maintain
• pressure ↓ > 50 psig in 5 mins (significant leak) position and rotation for all ranges of flow
Test for each hanger yoke separately • Turning on any vapouriser must not affect the flows
Checking for leaks
Checking anti‐hypoxic systems Universal leak (negative pressure) test
Ensure hypoxic combination cannot be set Reverse the BP cuff inflating
valve
• With O2 and N2O on, and both flows adjusted to mid
range, switch off O2 cylinder
‐ N2O flow must stop
‐ Hypoxic alarm must sound
• With both gases on flow, any ↑ in N2O flow must be
accompanied by ↑ in O2 flow
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
Fit it to the common gas outlet
Compress bulb to
remove all gas from
the machine
Bulb collapses, must not
re‐inflate in < 10 secs
Pressure guage test
• attach manometer to outlet
• ensure firm fit (non leaking)
• turn on O2 Hg column rises
• ↓ flow to maintain 22 mmHg
• at 22 mmHg , permissible leak = 50 ml / min
• switch off O2
• Pressure ↓ to 15 mmHg in not < 10 secs
Combined leak test
• close APL valve, attach manometer to pt’s end
• set flow 5 L / min till reservoir bag fills up and
pressure rises
• ↓ flow to maintain to 22 mmHg pressure
• flow at this point = leak
Flow must not be > 350 ml / min
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
Squeeze bulb test
• with all gases & vapourisers off,
• attach manometer to pt’s end of circuit
• replace bag with bulb and pressurize system till guage
reads 37 mmHg and stop
Checking vapourisers
• Check for leaks with each vapouriser in the “on”
position, one at a time
• Turn the vapouriser off after checking
• Repeat after changing vapouriser
Pressure leak test
Checking the breathing system
• Ensure patency, correct configuration
• Check connections ‐ push and twist
• Perform a pressure leak test
• Check the unidirectional valves within the circle, and
all exhaust valves
• Soda lime
• Change bacterial / viral filter and angle piece for
each patient and check for smooth flow of gases
through them
Dr. A K Sethi’s EORCAPS-2009
Checking the ventilator
• Proper configuration of the ventilator tubing
• Check connections
• Set the parameters for use and check the pressure
generated
• Check the pressure relief valve functions.
• Check alarm limits set and activate them
• Check disconnection alarms
• Ensure availability of an alternative
Ancillary equipment
• Appropriately sized facemasks, airways, tracheal
tubes, connectors – check integrity and patency
• Intubation aids ‐ laryngoscopes, intubation forceps,
bougies etc.
• Check that the suction apparatus is functioning and
that all connectors are secure.
• Check that the patient trolley, bed or operating table
can be rapidly tilted head down.
Its not the machine,
but the man / woman behind the machine
that matters…..
Thank you