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 VICTORIA JUNIOR COLLEGE
Preliminary Examination

MATHEMATICS 9740/01
(Higher 2)

Paper 1 September 2015

3 hours
Additional Materials: Answer Paper
Graph Paper
List of Formulae (MF15)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name and CT group on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required to present
the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 5 printed pages

© VJC 2015 VICTORIA JUNIOR COLLEGE [Turn over

1
1 A sequence w1 , w2 , w3 , ... is such that
1
wn +1 = [(n + 1) wn +1] , where n ∈ ℤ + , and
n
w1 = a , where a is a constant.

Use the method of mathematical induction to prove that wn = an + (n − 1) . [5]

2 The function h is given by

h : x ֏ ax3 + bx 2 + cx + d , x∈ℝ ,

where a, b, c and d are real constants.

The graph of y = h( x) passes through the point (1,1) . Given that (2, 2) is a stationary point,
find three linear equations involving a, b, c and d . [3]

ab
By writing each of a, b and c in terms of d, find the exact set of values of d such that 0.
c
[3]
2
ax + bx + d
3 The curve C has equation y = , where a, b and d are constants.
x−2
Given that the line y = 2 x + 3 is an asymptote to C, find the values of a and b. [3]

Given further that d < −6 , find the coordinates of any points of intersection with the x- and y-
axes, leaving your answer in terms of d. Hence sketch C, stating the equations of any
asymptotes. [4]

4 The function g is defined by

g : x ֏ e x − 7 x, x > λ,
where λ is a real constant.

(i) Find the exact minimum value of λ such that the inverse of g exists. [2]

Using the value of λ found in (i),

(ii) find g −1 (1) , [2]

(iii) sketch the graphs of y = g ( x ) , y = g −1 ( x ) and y = gg −1 ( x ) on a single diagram. [3]

2
5 The diagram shows the curve C with equation y = f ( x ) . The lines y = x − 2a and x = 1 are
asymptotes to C. C has a minimum ( a, 0 ) and a maximum point ( − a, − 4a ) , where a > 2. C
cuts the y-axis at the point ( 0, − 5a ) .
y

y = f ( x) y = x − 2a
( a, 0 )
x
O

( − a, − 4a )
( 0, − 5a )

x =1
On separate diagrams, sketch the graphs of
1
(i) y = , [3]
f ( x)
(ii) y = f ' ( x ) . [3]
0
Find the value of ∫
−a
 2 − f ' ( x )  dx , leaving your answer in terms of a. [2]

6 On 1 January 2015, Mrs Koh put $1000 into an investment fund which pays compound
interest at a rate of 8% per annum on the last day of each year. She puts a further $1000 into
the fund on the first day of each subsequent year until she retires.
(i) If she retires on 31 December 2040, show that the total value of her investment on her
retirement day is $86351, correct to the nearest dollar. [4]
On 1 January 2015, Mr Woo put $1000 into a savings plan that pays no interest. On the first
day of each subsequent year, he saves $80 more than the previous year. Thus, he saves $1080
on 1 January 2016, $1160 on 1 January 2017, and so on.
(ii) By forming a suitable inequality, find the year in which Mr Woo will first have saved
over $86351 in total. [4]

[Turn over

3
7 A tank initially contains 400 litres of solution with 100 kg of salt dissolved in it. A solution
containing 0.125 kg of salt per litre flows into the tank at a rate of 12 litres per minute and
the solution flows out at the same rate. You should assume that the inflow is instantaneously
and thoroughly mixed with the contents of the tank. If the amount of salt in the tank is q kg at
the end of t minutes, show that
dq
= 1.5 − 0.03q . [2]
dt
Find the time taken for the concentration of salt in the tank to reach 0.16 kg per litre. [5]
(Concentration of salt = the amount of salt per unit volume of solution in the tank.)

State what happens to q for large values of t. Sketch a graph of q against t. [3]

2
8 (i) If z = x + i y , where x, y ∈ ℝ , prove that ( z 2 ) * = ( z *) . [2]
(ii) Solve the equation z 2 = 1 − 4 √ 3 i , giving your answers exactly in the form x + iy. [4]
(iii) Use your answers in part (ii) to solve the equation w = 4 + 16 √ 3 i .
2
[2]
(iv) The roots in part (ii) are represented by z1 and z2 . Given that arg ( z 2 ) = θ , find arg ( z1 z2 ) ,
giving your answer in terms of θ . [2]

9 A curve C has parametric equations

x = eθ sin θ , y = eθ cos θ ,
π π
where − <θ .
2 2
(i) Sketch C, indicating clearly the axial intercepts. [2]

(ii) C cuts the y- and x-axes at points A and B respectively. A particle moves along C from A
to B, with its x-coordinate increasing at a constant rate of 0.1 units per second. Find the
1 π
exact rate of change of its y-coordinate when x = e 6 . [3]
2

(iii) The tangent at the point P on C is parallel to the y-axis. Find the equation of this tangent.
[4]
π
(iv) The point Q on C is such that angle POQ = . Find the area of triangle OPQ . [5]
2

4
10 A sequence u1 , u2 , u3 , ... is defined by
Ai 2 Ai +1 Ai + 2
ui = − + , where A is a constant and i ∈ ℤ + .
i ! (i + 1)! (i + 2)!

Another sequence v1 , v2 , v3 , ... is defined by

n
vn = ∑ ui , where n ∈ ℤ+ .
i =1
2 n +1
A A An + 2
(i) Show that vn = A − − + . [4]
2 (n + 1)! (n + 2)!

N
 1  An +1 An + 2  n − N 
(ii) Hence, find ∑   n
N 
v + − +7 . [4]
n=2  (n + 1)! (n + 2)!  

 1 
N
An +1 An + 2  n − N 
Hence explain why ∑   vn + −  + 7  converges as N → ∞ , and write
n=2 N  (n + 1)! (n + 2)!  
down the value of the limit in terms of A. [3]

11 The equations of the plane π , and the lines l1 and l2 are given by
π : ax − 2 y + z = 13 ,
l1 : r = ( 2i + j + 3k ) + λ  2a i + a 2 − 1 j − 2k  ,
( )
 
l2 : x − 4 = y, z = 5 ,
where a is constant, and λ is a real parameter.

Given that the shortest distance from the point P with coordinates (1, 2,12 ) to π is 1, show
that a = 2 . [2]

(i) Given that A is a point on l1 and B is a point on l2 , find the position vectors of A and B
such that AB is perpendicular to both l1 and l2 . [4]
(ii) Show that l2 is in the plane π . [2]
(iii) Given that l1 is parallel to plane π , find the vector equation of the line of reflection of l1
in π . [3]
(iv) Find the cartesian equation of plane p which is perpendicular to plane π and also contains
l2 . [3]

5
2015 VJC JC2 Prelim Paper 1 Solutions
Q1) Let Pn be the statement:
wn = an + (n − 1) , n ∈ ℤ + .
LHS of P1 = w1 = a (given)
RHS of P1 = a (1) + (1 − 1) = a
∴ P1 is true.
Assume Pk is true for some k ∈ ℤ + i.e. wk = ak + (k − 1)
We want to show Pk +1 is true i.e. wk +1 = a (k + 1) + k
LHS of Pk +1 = wk +1
1
= [(k + 1) wk +1]
k
1
= {(k + 1)[ak + (k − 1)]+1}
k
(k + 1)(k − 1) + 1
= a (k + 1) +
k
2
k
= a (k + 1) +
k
= a (k + 1) + k
= RHS of Pk +1
∴ Pk is true ⇒ Pk +1 is true
Since we have shown that
(1) P1 is true and
(2) Pk is true ⇒ Pk +1 is true.
∴ By mathematical induction, Pn is true for all positive integers n.

Q2)
Sub (1,1) and (2, 2) into y = h( x) .
a + b + c + d = 1 ----- (1)
8a + 4b + 2c + d = 2 -----(2)
Since (2,2) is also the stationary point, h '(2) = 0 . i.e.
12a + 4b + c = 0 ----- (3)
Using the GC,
1 1
a=− − d
2 4
3 5
b= + d
2 4
c = −2d
ab
≤0
c
− + − +
 1 1  3 5 
 − − d  + d 
 2 4  2 4  ≤ 0 −2 − 65 0
−2d
6
{d ∈ ℝ : d ≤ −2 or − ≤ d < 0}
5

1
 ax 2 + bx + d k
Q3) y = = 2x + 3 +
x−2 x−2
By observation, a = 2
⇒ 2 x 2 + bx + d = ( 2 x + 3)( x − 2 ) + k
Compare coefficents of x : b = 3 − 4 ⇒ b = −1

2x2 − x + d
y=
x−2
Given: d < −6
Asymptotes: y = 2 x + 3, x = 2
d
Axial intercepts: when x = 0 , y = −
2
When y = 0 , 2 x 2 − x + d = 0
1 ± 1 − 4 ( 2 )( d )
1 ± 1 − 8d
x= =
4 4
 d   1 − 1 − 8d   1 + 1 − 8d 
The coordinates are  0,  ,  , 0  ,  , 0  .
 2  4   4 
1 − 1 − 8d 1 + 1 − 8d
Let α = and β =
4 4
y
y = 2x + 3

( 0, − d2 )
(α , 0 )
O x
( β , 0)

x=2
Q4(i)
dy y
Let y = e x − 7 x. So, = e x − 7.
dx y = ex − 7 x
dy
= 0 ⇒ ex − 7 = 0
dx x
x = ln 7
∴ min λ = ln 7

y y = ex − 7 x
Q4(ii) Let x = g −1 (1)
⇒ g ( x) = 1
y =1
⇒ ex − 7 x = 1
From the GC, x
3.13
x = 3.13
2
Q4(iii) −1 y = gg −1 ( x )
y y = g ( x)
0.169
y = g ( x)
( 7 − 7 ln 7, ln 7 )
x
0.169
( 7 − 7 ln 7, 7 − 7 ln 7 ) ( ln 7, 7 − 7 ln 7 )
1 y
Q5(i) y =
f ( x)
1
y=
f ( x)
y=0 (1, 0 )
x
( −a, − 41a )
( 0, − 51a )
x=a
Q5(ii) y

y = f '( x)
y =1
x
( − a, 0 ) ( a, 0 )

x =1
0 0
∫  2 − f ' ( x )  dx =  2 x − f ( x )  − a
−a 

=  2 ( 0 ) − f ( 0 )  −  2 ( −a ) − f ( − a ) 
= − ( −5a ) + 2a + ( −4a )
= 3a

Q6(i)

n Amount at end of year n

1 1.08(1000)
2 1.08 1000 + 1.08 (1000 )  = 1000 (1.08 + 1.082 )
3 1.08 1000 + 1000 (1.08) + 1000 (1.08 ) 
2

:  
= 1000 (1.08 + 1.082 + 1.083 )
n 1000 (1.08 + 1.082 + … + 1.08n )

3
Amount at the end of year 2040
= 1000 (1.08) + (1.08 ) + ... + (1.08 ) 
2 26
 
1.08 1 − (1.08)  
26

= 1000   

1 − 1.08
 
= 86351 (to nearest dollar)

Q6(ii) S n = 1000 + 1080 + 1160 + ... > 86351

n terms
n
S n = [ 2(1000) + (n − 1)(80)] > 86351
2
⇒ 40n 2 + 960n − 86351 > 0
⇒ n < −59.987 (N.A.) or n > 35.987
∴ Least number of years that he still needs to save = 36

The year at which Mr Woo’s savings in this savings plan will first
exceed $86351 = 2015 + 36 − 1 = 2050

Q7
Rate of salt flowing into tank per minute is 12 × ( 0.125 ) = 1.5 kg
12
Rate of salt flowing out per minute is × q = 0.03q
400
dq
Therefore, = 1.5 − 0.03q .
dt

dq
= 1.5 − 0.03q
dt
1
∫ 1.5 − 0.03q dq = ∫ 1 dt
1
− ln 1.5 − 0.03q = t + C
0.03
1.5 − 0.03q = Ae−0.03 t
1.5 − 0.03q = Be−0.03 t
When t = 0, q = 100, 1.5 − 0.03(100) = B
B = − 1.5
−0.03 t
1.5 − 0.03q = − 1.5e
1.6 kg per litre = 0.16 × 400 = 64 kg of salt in the tank
Thus 1.5 − 0.03 ( 64 ) = − 1.5e−0.03 t
t = 42.4 min (3 s.f)

4
0.03q = 1.5 (1 + e −0.03 t )
q = 50 (1 + e −0.03 t )

When t is large, e−0.03 t → 0

Thus, the amount of salt in the tank decreases to 50kg.
q

100
q = 50 (1 + e −0.03t )

q = 50

Q8(i)
LHS = ( ( x + i y )2 ) *
= ( x 2 + (i y ) 2 + 2 xy i ) *
= ( x 2 − y 2 + 2 xy i ) *
= x 2 − y 2 − 2 xy i
2
RHS = ( ( x + i y ) *)
2
= ( x − i y)
2
= x 2 + ( i y ) − 2 xy i
= x 2 − y 2 − 2 xy i
Q8(ii) Let z = x + i y , where x, y ∈ ℝ
( x + i y )2 = 1 − 4 √ 3 i
 x 2 − y 2 = 1 − (1)
⇒
2 xy = −4 √ 3 −(2)
−2 √ 3
(2) ⇒ y =
x
12
(1) ⇒ x 2 − 2 = 1 ⇒ x 4 − x 2 − 12 = 0 ⇒ ( x 2 − 4)( x 2 + 3) = 0
x
x∈ℝ ⇒ x 2
0 ⇒ x 2 = 4 ⇒ x = ±2, y = ∓ √ 3
∴z = 2−√3 i or − 2 + √ 3 i

Q8(iii) w2 = 4 + 16 √ 3 i = 4(1 + 4 √ 3 i)
* both sides: ( w2 ) * = 4(1 − 4 √ 3 i)
2
using (i) : ( w *) = 4(1 − 4 √ 3 i)
using (ii) : w* = √ 4 (2 − √ 3 i ) or √ 4 ( − 2 + √ 3 i)
= 4 − 2 √ 3 i or − 4+ 2√3 i
∴ w = 4 + 2 √ 3 i or − 4− 2√3 i
5
Q8(iv) z1 = 2 − √ 3 i and z2 = −2 + √ 3 i
Given: arg ( z 2 ) = θ .

arg ( z1 z2 ) = arg  −2 + 3i 2 − 3i 
( )( )
 
(
= arg −4 + 4 3i + 3 )
= arg ( −1 + 4 3i )

= arg ( − z 2 )
= arg ( −1) + arg ( − z 2 )
=θ +π

Alternative
Given: arg ( z 2 ) = θ (where θ < 0 )
arg ( z1 z2 ) = arg ( z1 ) + arg ( z2 )
θ
θ 
= + +π 
2 2 
=θ +π

Q9(i) y
x = eθ sin θ
y = eθ cos θ
1

π π
x
− O
−e 2
e 2

dx dy 1 π6
Q9(ii) = 0.1 , = ? at x = e
dt dt 2
π
1 π
eθ sin θ = e 6 ⇒ θ =
2 6
θ θ
dy e cos θ − e sin θ cos θ − sin θ
= =
dx eθ cos θ + eθ sin θ cos θ + sin θ
dy dy dx
= ×
dt dx dt
π  π 
cos   − sin  
dy 6  6  × 0.1
= ( )
dt  
π π 
cos   + sin  
6 6
3 −1
= 2 2 ( 0.1)
3 +1
2 2
3 −1
=
10 ( 3 +1 )
6
 dy cos θ − sin θ
Q9(iii) =
dx cos θ + sin θ
At point P , tangent // y-axis
dy
⇒ is undefined
dx
⇒ cos θ + sin θ = 0
⇒ tan θ = −1
π  π π
⇒θ = − ∵ − < θ 
4  2 2
π
−  π 1 − π4
x = e 4 sin  −  = − e
 4 2
Equation of tangent at point P is
1 − π4
x=− e
2

Q9(iv)
 1 − π4 1 − π4 
Coordinates of P:  − e , e 
 2 2 
1 − π2 1 − π2 −
π
OP = e + e =e 4
2 2
Note that P lies on the line y = − x and OP ⊥ OQ,
then Q lies on the line of y = x .
eθ sin θ = eθ cos θ
tan θ = 1
π
θ=
4
π π
π  1 4
x = e 4 sin   = e
4 2
π π
π  1 4
y = e 4 cos   = e
4 2
1 π2 1 π2 π
OQ = e + e = e4
2 2
1 1  − π4  π4  1 2
Area of ∆POQ = ( OP )( OQ ) =  e  e  = units
2 2   2

7
Q10(i) vn = u1 + u2 + u3 + ... + un
A 2 A2 A3
= − +
1! 2! 3!
A2 2 A3 A4
+ − +
2! 3! 4!
3 4
A 2A A5
+ − +
3! 4! 5!
+
.
.
An − 2 2 An −1 An
+ − +
(n − 2)! (n − 1)! n !
An −1 2 An An +1
+ − +
(n − 1)! n ! (n + 1)!
An 2 An +1 An + 2
+ − +
n ! (n + 1)! (n + 2)!
2 A2 A2 An +1 2 An +1 An + 2
= A− + + − +
2! 2! (n + 1)! (n + 1)! (n + 2)!
A2 An +1 An + 2
= A− − + (shown)
2 (n + 1)! (n + 2)!

N
 1  An +1 An + 2  
Q10(ii) ∑  N  vn + (n + 1)! − (n + 2)!  + 7n − N 

n=2    
N  1  A 2  n − N 
= ∑  N  A − 2
 + 7 
n= 2 
   
1 A2  1 N
=  A−  ( N − 1) + N ∑ 7 n
N  2  7 n=2
 N −1   A  1  7 2 (1 − 7 N −1 ) 
2
=   A − +  
 N   2  7 N  1− 7 
 N −1   A2  1 7 2
=
 N
  A −
 2
 + N . . 7
6
N −1
−1 ( )
 7
 N −1   A2  49  1 1 
=   A − +  − 
 N   2  6  7 7 N 

N −1 1
= 1−
N N
1 1 1
As N → ∞ , →0, so 1 − →1. Also, →0.
N N 7N
A2 7
Hence as N → ∞ , Series → A − +
2 6
N  
1  An +1 An + 2 
∑  N  vn + (n + 1)! − (n + 2)!  + 7n − N  converges.
n =2 
   
A2 7
Limit = A − + .
2 6

8
Q11) Let M be a point on plane π .
0  1 
   
OM =  0  , MP =  2  ,
13   −1 
   
1   a 
  
 2  .  −2 
 −1   1 
  
=1
a2 + 5
a2 + 5 = a − 4 −1
(a 2 + 5) = a 2 − 10a + 25
a=2
 2 4 
   
Q11ii) l1 : r =  1  + λ  3  , λ ∈ ℝ
ɶ    −2 
3  
 4 1 
   
l2 : r =  0  + µ  1  , µ ∈ ℝ
ɶ   0
5  
 2 + 4λ  4+ µ
   
OA = 1 + 3λ  , OB =  µ 
 3 − 2λ  5 
   
 2 + µ − 4λ 
 
AB =  µ − 3λ − 1 
 2 + 2λ 
 
1  4 
   
AB.  1  = 0, AB.  3  = 0
0  −2 
   
1 = −2 µ + 7 λ , 1 = −7 µ + 29λ
Solving,
22 5
∴µ = − , λ = −
9 9
 2  14 
− 9   9 
   
 2  22 
OA = − , OB = −
 3  9 
   
 37   5 
   
 9   

Q11(ii)
 4  1    2 
     
 0  + µ 1   .  −2  = 8 + 2µ − 2µ + 5 = 13
 5   0   1 
   
Hence l2 is in plane π .
9
Alternative
 4 1 
   
l2 : r =  0  + µ  1 
5 0
   
1   2 
  
1  .  −2  = 2 − 2 = 0
 0  1 
  
2 
 
⇒ l2 is perpendicular to  −2  .
1 
 
⇒ l2 is parallel to π .
 4  2 
  
 0  .  −2  = 8 + 5 = 13
 5  1 
  
⇒ a point in l2 is also in π .
Hence l2 is in plane π .
A
Q11(ii) l1
OA + OA ' π
OB = l2 B
2
 14   2 
 9  − 9  reflection
     30  of l1
 22   2  1   A'
OA ' = 2 − − − = −38 
 9   3 9
     53 
5 37  
   
   9 
 30  4 
Line of reflection of l1 in π : r =  −38  + β  3  , β ∈ ℝ
1  
9   −2 
 53   

Alternative
Let D be the point ( 0, 0,13) on π C l1
and C be the point ( 2,1,3) on l1 n
ɶ π
 0   2   −2  D F
     
CD =  0  − 1  =  −1 
13   3  10  reflection
     
A' of l1
  −2   2  2  2 
  1    1   8  
CF =  −1  ⋅ −2 −2 = −2
  9    9   9  
10  1   1  1 
 2   2  34 
8    1 
OF = CF + OC =  −2  + 1  =  −7 
9    9 
1   3   35 
10
 OA + OA '
OF =
2
 34 
 9 
   2  50 
 7    1 
OA ' = 2 − − 1 = −23 
 9    9
   3   43 
 
 35 
 9 
 50  4 
Line of reflection of l1 in π : r =  −23  + β  3  , β ∈ ℝ
1  
9   −2 
 43   

Q11(iii)
 2   1   −1 
     
n =  −2  ×  1  =  1 
1   0   4 
     
 −1   4   −1 
    
r. 1  =  0  . 1 
 4  5   4 
    
Equation of plane p is
− x + y + 4 z = 16

11
 VICTORIA JUNIOR COLLEGE
Preliminary Examination

MATHEMATICS 9740/02
(Higher 2)

Paper 2 September 2015

3 hours
Additional Materials: Answer Paper
Graph Paper
List of Formulae (MF15)

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name and CT group on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

Answer all the questions.

Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in
degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question.
You are expected to use an approved graphing calculator.
Unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are allowed unless a question specifically states otherwise.
Where unsupported answers from a graphing calculator are not allowed in a question, you are required to present
the mathematical steps using mathematical notations and not calculator commands.
You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 5 printed pages

© VJC 2015 VICTORIA JUNIOR COLLEGE [Turn over

1
 Section A: Pure Mathematics [40 marks]

1
1 It is given that e y = + sin 2 x .
2
2
d 2 y  dy 
(i) Show that +   + 4 = 2e− y . [2]
dx 2  d x 

(ii) By repeated differentiation of the result in part (i), find the first four non–zero terms of the
Maclaurin series for y, giving the coefficients in exact form. [4]
(iii) Show that the same result in part (ii) can be obtained using the standard results given in
the List of Formulae (MF15). [3]

2 Relative to the origin O , the points A , B and C have position vectors a , a + c and c
respectively. The point X is on AC produced such that AC : AX is 1: 4 and the point Y is
such that AXYB is a parallelogram.

(i) The lines AY and BX intersect at the point N. Find, in terms of a and c , the position
vector of N . [2]
(ii) Given that the area of triangle OAB is 2 square units, find the area of triangle AXB. [3]


→

→ BX
(iii) Give the geometrical interpretation of AX × . Using the results from part (ii), show

→
BX


→

→ BX k
that AX × = , where k, m and n are constants to be determined. [4]

→ mc − na
BX

3 The complex number z satisfies the equation z − 5 + 7 i = 6 .

(i) Show the locus of z on an Argand diagram. [2]
π
(ii) If the locus in part (i) intersects the locus arg ( z – a – 2i ) = − at two distinct points,
2
where a is a real number, find the set of values that a can take. [2]

(iii) Given that the locus in part (i) intersects the locus z + 2 + 4i = k at exactly one point, find
two possible exact values of k. [3]
Using one value of k found, find exactly the value of z represented by the point of
intersection, giving your answer in the form x + iy. [3]

2
 ln x
4 The diagram below shows the curve with equation y = , x > 0 . The curve cuts the x-axis
x2
at (1, 0 ) and has a maximum point at A.
y

x
O (1,0 )

(i) Find the exact coordinates of A. [3]

(ii) Without using a calculator, find the exact area of the finite region bounded by the curve,
the x-axis and the line x = 2 . [4]

(iii) Find the volume of the solid generated when the region bounded by the curve, the tangent
at A and the line x = 1 is rotated completely about the x-axis, giving your answer correct
to 3 significant figures. [3]
(iv) The geometric series S is defined by
2 2 3 3
2e ln x 4e ( ln x ) 8e ( ln x )
1+ + + +… .
x2 x4 x6

A student claims that, if the value of x is larger than 1, then the sum to infinity of S exists.
State, with a reason, whether you agree with him. [2]

Section B: Statistics [60 marks]

5 A college has 540 students in Year One and 660 students in Year Two. The college intends to
carry out a survey to investigate students’ opinions about the gymnasium facilities available at
the college.
(i) Describe how to obtain a stratified random sample of 60 students to take part in the survey.
[2]
(ii) State how a better stratified random sample of size 60 could have been achieved. [1]

6 A group of 12 people consists of 6 married couples.

(i) The 12 people are to be seated randomly at a round table. Find the number of ways in
which the 12 people can be arranged if each married couple is seated together. [2]

(ii) The group is going on a flight and is assigned to sit in three distinct rows of four seats
each. Find the number of ways in which the 12 people can be arranged if each row has at
least 1 woman. [5]

[Turn over

3
7 A game is to be played between two players, A and B. A bag contains 5 balls each with A’s
name and 8 balls each with B’s name. Starting from A, the players will take turn to pick 3 balls
randomly in a single draw from the bag, note down the names and return all 3 balls to the bag.
Assuming that the balls are identical in size, the winner is the first player to get 3 balls of the
player’s name in a single draw.
(i) Find the probability that A wins the game. [4]
(ii) Find the probability that A wins on A’s first draw given that A wins the game. [3]
Suppose A eventually wins the game on A’s 4th turn. Let (a1, a2, a3, a4) denote A’s draw
sequence where ai denote the number of balls with A’s name picked by A on A’s ith turn.
Find the total number of possible draw sequence for A. [2]

8 Each night in the month of August, Amy observes the number of meteors from the telescope
set up in her laboratory. Amy observes meteors at an average rate of 2 per minute.
(i) State two conditions needed for the number of meteors observed in a randomly chosen
period of 1 minute to be well modelled by a Poisson distribution. [2]
Assume that the conditions in (i) are satisfied.
(ii) Find the probability that Amy observes exactly 6 meteors in a randomly chosen period of
4 minutes. [1]
(iii) Find the probability that Amy observes exactly 3 meteors in each of the two successive 2-
minute intervals. [2]
(iv) Explain why the answer to part (ii) is greater than the answer to part (iii). [1]
(v) In a randomly selected period of n minutes (where n > 10 ), the probability that Amy sees
more than 3n meteors is less than 0.005. Using a suitable approximation, determine an
inequality satisfied by n and, hence, find algebraically, the smallest possible integer value
of n. [5]

9 Past records shows that female students in tertiary institutions have a mean height of 162 cm.
A random sample of 150 female students is taken from a particular institution and the height, x
cm, of each female student is measured. The results are summarised by
∑ ( x − 160 ) = 480, ∑ ( x − 160 ) = 8837.
2

Test, at the 5% significance level, whether the mean height of 162 cm is an understated value
for this institution. [5]
Explain the meaning of 5% significance level in the context of this question. [1]

Two tests, each with a sample size of 10 taken from this particular institution, are carried out
with the same hypotheses as above. Assume that the unbiased estimates of the population
variance are the same for both the samples.
(i) What change would there be in carrying out the two tests as compared to the previous test?
State whether any assumption is needed for the two tests to be valid. [2]
(ii) The first test has a sample mean height of m cm. Based on this test, the null hypothesis is
not rejected at the 5% significance level. The second test has a sample mean height less
than m cm. Determine with a reason, whether the second test will yield the same
conclusion as the first test. [2]

4
10 The following table shows the population, y (in millions) of a certain country in year, t

Year , t 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

Population, 13.5 15.1 17.7 20.9 24.7 29.2 34.5 40.8 48.2 56.9
y (in
millions)

(i) Draw the scatter diagram to illustrate the relationship between y and t. [1]
(ii) Calculate the product moment correlation coefficient between t and y, giving your answer
to 5 decimal places. Explain why its value does not necessarily mean that the best model
for the relationship between t and y is y = c + dt. [2]

(iii) It is known that if environmental factors remain constant, the relation y = aebt , where a
and b are constants gives a reasonable model for this data.
(a) Express the given relation in a linear equation of the form Y = A + Bt . [1]

(b) Calculate the product moment correlation between t and Y, giving your answer to 5
decimal places. Explain how to use this value and the value calculated in part (ii) to
decide, for this data, whether y = c + dt or Y = A + Bt is the better model. [2]

(c) Find the estimated regression line of Y on t and use it to estimate the population in
the year 2020. Comment on the reliability of your estimation. [3]

11 [In this question you should state clearly the values of the parameters of any normal
distribution you use.]
A supermarket sells 2 different types of apples – Granny Smith and Fuji. The masses, in grams,
of each type of apples follow normal distributions. The means and standard deviations of these
distributions are shown in the following table.

Mean Standard deviation

(g) (g)
Granny Smith 150 11.7
Fuji 180 15.2

(i) Two Fuji apples are chosen. Find the probability that their masses differs by at least 20 g.
[3]
(ii) Granny Smith apples are sold at $3.50 per kg and Fuji apples at $5 per kg.
Find the probability that six Granny Smith apples and four Fuji apples cost more than
$6.50. [3]
(iii) State an assumption needed for your calculations in parts (i) and (ii). [1]
(iv) Some Granny Smith apples are packed in 6, at random, into bags with negligible mass.
Fifty-five such bags are randomly selected. By using a suitable approximation, find the
probability that there are less than 48 bags whereby each bag has a mass less than 950 g.
[4]

5
2015 VJC JC2 Prelim Paper 2 Solutions
1
Q1(i) Given e y = + sin ( 2 x ) − − − (1)
2
Differentiating with respect to x,
dy
ey = 2 cos ( 2 x ) − − − (2)
dx
Differentiating again with respect to x,
2
yd2 y  dy 
e 2
+ e y   = −4 sin ( 2 x )
dx  dx 
2
yd2 y  dy   1
e 2
+ e y   = −4  e y − 
dx  dx   2
2
yd2 y  dy 
e 2
+ e y   + 4e y = 2
dx  dx 
2
d 2 y  dy 
2
+   + 4 = 2e − y − − − (3)
dx  dx 

Q1(ii) Differentiating result in (i) with respect to x,

d3 y dy  d 2 y  − y dy
3
+ 2  2  = −2e − − − (4)
dx dx  dx  dx
At x = 0 ,
1 1
(1): e y = ⇒ y = ln  
2 2
1 dy dy
(2): = 2 cos ( 0 ) ⇒ =4
2 dx dx
d2 y 2 2 d2 y
(3): + ( )
4 + 4 = ⇒ = −16
dx 2 1 dx 2
2
3
d y d3 y
(4): 3 + 2 ( 4 )( −16 ) = −2(2)(4) ⇒ 3 = 112
dx dx
1  − 16  2  112  3
∴ y = ln + 4 x +  x +  x + ...
2  2!   3! 
1 56
= ln + 4 x − 8 x 2 + x 3 + ...
2 3

1 
Q1(iii) y = ln  + sin ( 2 x ) 
2 
1 ( 2x)
3

= ln  + ( 2 x ) − + ...
 2 3! 
1 4 x3 
= ln  + 2 x − + ...
2 3 
1   8x3  
= ln + ln 1 +  4 x −  + ...
2   3  

1
 2 3
1  8x3  1  8 x3  1  8 x3 
= ln +  4 x −  −  4 x −  +  4 x −  + ...
2  3  2 3  3 3 
1 8 x3 1 1
− (16 x 2 + ...) + ( 4 x ) + ... + ...
3
= ln + 4 x −
2 3 2 3 
1 56
= ln + 4 x − 8 x 2 + x3 + ...
2 3

Alternative
1 
y = ln  + sin ( 2 x ) 
2 
1
= ln + ln [1 + 2sin 2 x ]
2
1 1 2 1 3
= ln + ( 2 sin 2 x ) − ( 2 sin 2 x ) + ( 2sin 2 x ) + ...
2 2 3
2
1  ( 2 x ) + ... − 4 2 x − ( 2 x ) + ...
3 3

= ln + 2  2 x −   
2  3!  2  3! 
3
8 
3

+ 2 x −
( 2x )
+ ... + ...
3  3! 
1 8x3 8
= ln + 4 x − − 2 ( 4 x 2 + ...) + ( 8 x3 + ...) + ...
2 3 3
1 56
= ln + 4 x − 8 x 2 + x3 + ...
2 3

Q2) OA = a, OB = a + c, OC = c
OB + OX
Q2(i) ON = OX = OA + AX
2
1 = OB + 4 AC
ON = [a + c + 4c − 3a] = a + 4 (c − a)
2
1 = 4c − 3a
= [5c − 2a ]
2

1
Q2(ii) Area of triangle OAB = OA × OB
2
1
2 = a × (a + c )
2
1
= a×a + a×c
2
1
= a × c (∵ a × a = 0 )
2 ɶ
⇒ a×c = 4

2
 1
Area of triangle AXB = AB × AX
2
1
= c × 4 (c − a )
2
= 2 c×c − c×a
= 2 a×c
= 2 ( 4)
=8

BX
Q2(iii) AX × is the length of perpendicular from A to
BX
BX .

Area of triangle AXB = 8

1 BX
AX × BX = 8
2 BX

BX 16
AX × =
BX BX
16
=
OX − OB
16
=
4c − 3a − a − c
16
=
3c − 4a
∴ k = 16, m = 3, n = 4

Q3(i) Im

Re
O
6
(5, –7)

Q3(ii) Im
y=2
Re
O
6
(–1, –7) (11, –7)
(5, –7)

{a ∈ ℝ : −1 < a < 11}

3
Q3(iii) z + 2 + 4i = k is a circle with radius k and centre
( −2, −4 ) Im

O Re

6
(–2, –4)
(5, –7)

Distance between the two centres = 7 2 + 32 = 58

Possible exact values of k
= 58 − 6 and 58 + 6

For k = 58 − 6
a 58 − 6 42
= ⇒ a =7−
7 58 58
b 58 − 6 18
= ⇒ b = 3−
3 58 58
(–2, –4) 58
58 − 6
b

3 a
(5, –7)

7
42   18  
∴ z = −2 + 7 − +  −4 −  3 − i
58   58  
 42   18 
= 5 − + − 7i
 58   58 
 42   18 
Similarly for k = 58 − 6, z =  5 + − + 7i
 58   58 

4
 1
x 2   − ( ln x )( 2 x )
=   4
dy x x − 2 x ln x
Q4(i) =
dx x x4
dy
Let = 0 ⇒ x − 2 x ln x = 0
dx
1
∴x = 0 or ln x =
2
( NA ∵ x > 0 )
⇒x= e
1
When x = e , y = 2 = 1
2
2e
( ) e
 1 
∴ Coordinates of A is  e, 
 2e 

2
Q4(ii) Required area = ∫ y dx
1
2
=⌠
ln x
 2 dx
⌡1 x
2 2
 ln x  ⌠  1   1 
= − −   −    dx
 x 1 ⌡1  x   x 
2
1  1
= − ln 2 +  − 
2  x 1
1 1
= − ln 2
2 2

2
 1  e
Q4(iii) Required volume = π   ( e −1 − π ∫
) y 2 dx
 2e  1

2 e 2
 1  ⌠  ln x 
=π  
 2e 
( )
e − 1 − π   2  dx
⌡1  x 
= 0.0245

2e ln x
Q4(iv) r = .
x2
From (i) and the curve,
ln x 1
x >1⇒ 0 < 2 ≤
x 2e
2e ln x
∴x >1⇒ 0 < ≤1
x2
Since r ≤ 1 , S∞ does not exist.
So I disagree with him.

5
Statistics

Q5(i) A stratified random sample of 60 students can be obtained by

sampling 2 groups from the 2 levels as shown:

Level Number to be sampled

Year One 540
× 60 = 27
540 + 660
Year Two 660
× 60 = 33
540 + 660

Simple random sampling is used for the selection of students in each

stratum. To select the 27 students from the Year One group, we first
randomly assign each Year One student a distinct number from 1 to
540. Then generate 27 numbers using a random number generator and
select the students corresponding to the 27 numbers generated. Repeat
the procedure for the selection of the Year Two group.

Q5(ii) A better sample could be achieved by increasing the number of

strata, example 4 strata instead of 2 : Female JC1, Male JC1, Female
JC2 and Male JC2.

Q6(i) number of ways that 6 couples are seated together in a circle

= 5!× 26 = 7680

Q6(ib) no. of ways that 12 people are seated in three distinct rows of
four seats without restriction = 12!
no. of ways that 12 people are seated in a circle with 0 female in one
of the rows = ( 3C1 )( 6C2 ) ( 8!)( 4!)
Hence required no. of ways = 12!− ( 3C1 )( 6C2 ) ( 8!)( 4!)
= 435456000

5
C3 5
Q7(i) P ( A wins on her turn ) = 13
=
C3 143
5
C 138
P ( A didn't win on her turn ) = 1 − 13 3 =
C3 143
8
C 115
P ( B didn't win on her turn ) = 1 − 13 3 =
C3 143
2
5  138   115  5   138   115    5 
P ( A wins ) = +   +      + ...
143  143   143  143   143   143    143 
5
= 143
 138  115  
1 −   
 143  143  
715
= = 0.156 (3 s f)
4579

6
Q7(ii) P ( A wins on 1st draw | A wins the game )
P ( A wins on 1st draw )
=
P ( A wins the game )
5
= 143
715
4579
= 0.224

a1 a2 a3 a4

Either Either Either Only

0,1, 2 0,1, 2 0,1, 2 3

No. of possible draw sequence = 3 × 3 × 3 × 1 = 27

Q8(i) (1) Meteors occur at a constant average rate.

(2) Meteors occur independently.

Q8(ii) Let X be the number of meteors seen by Amy in 4 minutes

X ~ Po ( 8 )
P( X = 6) = 0.122

Q8(iii) Let Y be the number of meteors seen by Amy in 2 minutes

Y ~ Po ( 4 )
Required probability = P(Y1 = 3) × P(Y2 = 3) = 0.0382

Q8(iv) Since part (iii) is one of the possible solutions for part (ii),
hence answer to (ii) is greater than answer to (iii).

Q8(v) Let W be the number of meteors seen by Amy in n minutes

W ~ Po ( 2n )
Since n > 10 ⇒ 2n > 20 ,
W ~ N ( 2n, 2n ) approx
P (W > 3n ) < 0.005 ⇒ P (W > 3n + 0.5 ) < 0.005
(continuity correction)
 3n + 0.5 − 2n 
⇒ P Z >  < 0.005
 2n 
 n + 0.5 
⇒ P Z <  > 0.995
 2n 
From the GC, P ( Z < 2.3263) = 0.99
n + 0.5 0.995
∴ > 2.57583
2n
z
0 2.5758

7
n − 3.64277 n + 0.5 > 0
Consider n − 3.64277 n + 0.5 = 0
2
3.64277 ± ( 3.64277 ) − 4 (1)( 0.5 )
n= = 0.14286 or 3.4999
2
( n − 0.14286 )( n − 3.4999 > 0 )
n < 0.14286 or n > 3.4999
0.14286 3.4999
( NA ∵ n > 10 )
⇒ n > 12.249
∴ smallest value of n = 13

Q9) Let w = x − 160 , then ∑ w = 480 and ∑ w 2

= 8837
1  
2
480 ( 480 )
w= = 3.2 and sw2 = 8837 −  = 49
150 149  150 
x = w + 160 ⇒ x = w + 100 and s x2 = sw2
x = 3.2 + 160 = 163.2 , sx2 = sw2 = 49

Let µ cm be the population mean of X.

H0 : µ = 162
H1 : µ > 162
Level of sig : 5%
X − 162
Test Statistic : When H0 is true, Z =
 49 
 
 150 
Computation : x = 163.2 , s 2 = 49 , p – value = 0.0179

Conclusion: Since p – value = 0.0179 ≤ 0.05, H0 is rejected at 5%

level of significance. Hence there is sufficient evidence that the mean
height of 162 cm is an understated value.

At 5% significance level” means there is 0.05 probability that the test

will conclude that the mean height of 162 cm is an understated value
when actually it is not an understated value.

Q9(i) A t-test is carried out instead.

We need to assume that the height of a female student follows a

normal distribution.

8
Q9(ii)
m − 162
Yes. For an upper tail test, Ho is rejected if ≥ c, where c is the
s
n
critical value.
 s 
Since H0 is not rejected, m − 162 < c  .
 n
Given: x for 2nd test is less than m, i.e. x < m
 s 
⇒ x − 162 < m − 162 < c  
 n
Therefore H0 will also not be rejected for 2nd test (because both test
have the same unbiased estimates for population variance and n).

Q10(i)
y

60 ×

50 ×

40 ×
×
30 ×
×
20 ×
×
×
×
10

t
O 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

Q10(ii) The product moment correlation coefficient between t and y is

r = 0.97656 .

Points on the scatter diagram do not seem to lie close to a straight line
with positive gradient. Therefore a value of 0.97656 (close to 1) does
not necessarily mean that the best model for the relationship between t
and y is y = c + dt .

Q10(iiia) y = aebt ⇒ ln y = ln a + bt
Y = A + Bt ⇒ Y = ln y, A = ln a and B = b

Q10(iiib) The product moment correlation between t and Y is

r = 0.99946 .
Since r = 0.99946 is closer to +1 than r = 0.97656 , thus Y = A + Bt is
the better model.

Q10(iiic) The estimated regression line of Y on t is

Y = −28.43362 + 0.01631435t
i.e. Y ≈ −28.4 + 0.0163t

9
For the year 2020,
Y = −28.43362 + 0.01631435 ( 2020 )
∴ ln y = 4.521367
⇒ y = 91.961
Estimated population in the year 2020 is 92.0 millions.

The estimation is obtained by extrapolation since 2020 lies outside the

data range of 1900 to 1990 and thus estimate is not reliable.

Q11) Let G g and F g be the mass of a randomly chosen Granny Smith

apple and Fuji apple respectively.
G ~ N (150, 11.7 2 ) F ~ N (180, 15.22 )
Q11(i)
E ( F1 − F2 ) = E ( F1 ) − E ( F2 ) = 0
Var ( F1 − F2 ) = 2Var ( F ) = 462.08
F1 − F2 ~ N ( 0, 462.08 )
P ( F1 − F2 ≥ 20 )
= P ( F1 − F2 ≤ −20 ) + P ( F1 − F2 ≥ 20 )
= 0.352

Q11(ii) Let $T be the cost of 6 Granny Smith apples and 4 Fuji apples
 3.5   5 
T =  ( G1 + … + G6 ) +   ( F1 + … + F4 )
 1000   1000 
 3.5   5 
E (T ) =   ( 6) E (G ) +   ( 4 ) E ( F ) = 6.75
 1000   1000 
2 2
 3.5   5 
Var (T ) =   ( 6 ) Var ( G ) +   ( 4 ) Var ( F )
 1000   1000 
= 0.033165
T ~ N ( 6.75, 0.033165 )
P (T > 6.5 ) = 0.91509 ≈ 0.915

Q11(iii) We assume that the masses of ALL the apples are

independent of one another.

Q11(iv) G1 + … + G6 ~ N ( 6 ×150, 6 ×11.72 )

P ( G1 + … + G6 < 950 ) = 0.959477

Let X be the number of bags (out of 55) each with mass more than
950g.
X ~ B ( 55, 1 − 0.959477 )
i.e. X ~ B ( 55, 0.040523)
Since n = 55 is large and p is small such that np = 2.22877 < 5
X ~ Po ( 2.22877 ) approx

10
P ( 55 − X < 48 ) = P ( X > 7 )
= 1− P ( X ≤ 7)
= 0.00214

11