Scribd
Upload
31 views3 pages

Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks)

The document provides answers to 5 long answer type questions about renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It includes descriptions of the construction and working of a solar cooker and biogas plant. It also discusses the environmental consequences of fossil fuels and steps that can be taken to minimize various sources of energy pollution.

Uploaded by

MH State Board
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views3 pages

Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks)

The document provides answers to 5 long answer type questions about renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It includes descriptions of the construction and working of a solar cooker and biogas plant. It also discusses the environmental consequences of fossil fuels and steps that can be taken to minimize various sources of energy pollution.

Uploaded by

MH State Board
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Long Answer Type Questions

[5 marks]

Q. 1. Give the construction and working of a


solar cooker.
Ans. A device that utilises solar energy for
cooking purposes is called a solar cooker.
The most commonly used form of solar
cooker is known as box-type solar cooker. A
box-type solar cooker is shown in the
figure.
Construction of a box-type solar cooker: A
box-type solar cooker consists of the following
components:
(𝒊) Box (B): This is an insulated metal or a wooden box. It is painted black from inside because
black surface absorbs more heat. The box may be provided with four roll-wheels.
(𝒊𝒊) Glass cover (G): A cover made of two sheets of toughened glass held together in an
aluminium frame is used as a cover of the box B.
(𝒊𝒊𝒊) Plane mirror reflector (R): A plane mirror reflector fixed in a frame is fixed to the box B
with the help of hinges. The mirror reflector can be positioned at any desired angle to the box.
The mirror is positioned so as to allow the reflected sunlight fall on the glass cover of the box.
(𝒊𝒗) Cooking containers (C): A set of containers made of aluminium and blackened from
outside are kept in the box B. These containers are also painted black because black surface
absorbs more heat.
Working: The food is cooked in a shallow vessel of the container. The box has a transparent
covering of glass sheet over it. The solar cooker is placed in sunlight and reflector (plane mirror)
is adjusted in such a way that a strong beam of sunlight enters the box through the glass sheet.
The blackened metal surfaces in the wooden box absorb infra-red radiations from the beam of
sunlight and heat produced raises the temperature of blackened metal surface to about 1000C.
The food absorbs heat from the black surface and gets cooked. The thick glass sheet does not
allow the heat produced to escape and thus, helps in raising the temperature in the box to a
sufficiently high degree to cook the food.
Q. 2. (a) Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.
(b) Choose the renewable sources of energy from the following list.
Coal, biogas, Sun, natural gas
Ans. (a)
Renewable sources of energy Non-renewable sources of energy
1. These sources of energy can be used again 1. These sources of energy cannot be used
and again. again and again.

2. These type of sources are inexhaustible. 2. These type of sources are exhaustible and
cannot be renewed.

3. It does not pollute atmosphere. 3. It causes atmospheric pollution.

4. 𝐸𝑥𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒: Solar energy wind energy, etc. 4. 𝐸𝑥𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒: Coal, petroleum, etc.

(b) Sun and biogas.


Q. 3. What is biogas? Describe the working of a biogas plant with the help of a labelled
diagram.
Ans. Biogas is a mixture of methane,
carbon dioxide, hydrogen and
hydrogen sulphide. The major
constituent of biogas is methane.
Biogas is produced by the anaerobic
degradation of animal wastes like cow-
dung or plant wastes in the presence of
water.
The biogas plant has a dome-like
structure built with bricks. A slurry of
cow-dung and water is made in the mixing
tank from where it is fed into the digester. The digester is a sealed chamber in which there is no
oxygen. Anaerobic micro-organisms that do not require oxygen decompose or break down
complex compound of the cow-dung slurry. It takes days for the decomposition process to be
complete and generate gases. The biogas stored in the gas tank above the digester from which
they are drawn through pipes for use.
Q. 4. What are the environmental consequences of using fossil fuels? Suggest the steps to
minimise the pollution caused by various sources of energy including non-conventional
sources of energy.
Ans. Fossil fuels have the following environmental effects:
(𝒊) Air pollution: Burning of fossil fuels release oxides and sulphides in the air and many
other harmful gases like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, etc. These cause various
health problems and also lead to acid rain which further affects water and soil
resources.
(𝒊𝒊) Greenhouse effect: On burning fossil fuels, a large amount of carbon dioxide is
released into the atmosphere. This is a greenhouse gas and does not allow the sun
rays reflected from the earth surface to escape into the atmosphere. Thus,
increasing the temperature of the atmosphere. This is called greenhouse effect and
results in global warming.
Following steps can be taken to minimize pollution:
(𝑖) Use of smokeless appliances.
(𝑖𝑖) Use of refined technology to increase the efficiency of combustion process and to
reduce escape of harmful gases into the atmosphere.
(𝑖𝑖𝑖) Judicious use of energy.
Q. 5. Differentiate between box-type solar cooker and spherical reflector type solar cooker.
Ans.
Box-type solar cooker Spherical reflector type solar cooker
1. Plane mirror is used as a reflector. 1. Concave or parabolic reflector is used.

2. It does not concentrate solar energy at a 2. It concentrates the solar energy at a point
point. called focus.

3. Comparatively low temperature is 3. Very high temperature is produced.


produced in it.

4. It is used to cook the food materials which 4. It can cook food materials which require
require slow heating. strong

5. Baking and frying is not possible in it. 5. Baking and frying can be done in it.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy