FEATURE

Motor Management — Best Practices

Part III: Repair Specifications and Preventive / Predictive Maintenance
Reprinted with kind permission of Copper Development Association Inc.

Introduction Part II demonstrated the importance of developing a mo-

This three-part series on motor management best practices tor failure policy enabling definitive actions that minimize
focuses on the importance of instituting a motor manage- the impact of costly downtime and business interruptions
ment plan as a necessity in effectively administering the when a motor failure occurs; and the need for a motor pur-
electric motors in a facility. The goal of a motor management chasing specification as the blueprint for facilitating the
plan is to take advantage of opportunities for energy savings process of purchasing new motors. It covered new technolo-
and increased productivity using energy efficient, reliable gies such as the ultra-efficient copper rotor motor; tools to
motors such as NEMA Premium efficiency motors, herein help identify commonly used motors in your facility and
referred to as “premium efficiency” motors. how many to stock; and tools to use to assess which motors
Part I of this series addressed conducting a motor assess- are most efficient at yielding the highest energy savings and
ment for a specific facility, which is a key step in instituting shortest time to payback. Here are addressed proper motor
a motor management plan; the steps for conducting a mo- repair specifications and preventive and predictive mainte-
tor inventory; and the motor repair/replace guidelines. Part I nance plans.
also covered how to gain management buy-in through dem-
onstration of the financial gains available through good mo-
tor management.

The goal of a motor management plan is to take advantage of opportunities for energy savings
and increased productivity using energy-efficient, reliable motors such as NEMA Premium efficiency
motors. With that, predictive maintenance programs (PMPs) are gaining acceptance as a method for
maintaining motor reliability. A well-rounded program includes as many technologies as practical —
with each technology contributing a significant factor to the diagnostic analysis.

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 FEATURE

Motor Repair Specifications • Shaft repair

• Four major standards cover the design and manufacture • Anti-friction bearings
of electric motors; these same sources and standards • End brackets
serve as the sources and references for motor repair • Balancing
specifications and guidelines. • Reassembly
• Electrical Apparatus Service Association: EASA Standard • Final tests
AR 100- 2010 Recommended Practices for the Repair of
Rotating Electrical Apparatus • Quality control
• The European Standard, International Electrotechnical The Model Repair Specifications publication from the De-
Commission: IEC 60034 Rotating Electrical Machines partment of Energy (DOE) is available — free of charge — on-
• National Electrical Manufacturers Association (USA): line at www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/techdeploy-
NEMA MG 1 Motors and Generators ment/pdfs/repair_specs_motors.pdf.
• Underwriters Laboratories (USA): UL 1004-Standards for
Electric Motors Motor Service Centers
Another useful reference is the Model Repair Specifications Membership in EASA. Being an EASA member has its ben-
for Low-Voltage Induction Motors, which is published by efits. As an international trade organization with close to
United States Department of Energy’s Advanced Manufac- 1,900 members in 59 countries, EASA strongly encourages
turing Office (AMO) and was authored by Johnny Douglass, its members to represent the electrical apparatus sales and
retired Senior Industrial Engineer with the Washington State service industry with the highest quality of business integri-
University Energy Program. It covers the routine repair and ty, ability and service by meeting a code of business practice
the rewind of low-voltage, random wound, three-phase AC, guidelines (www.easa.com/BusinessPractice).
squirrel-cage induction motors. The “Model Repair Speci- EASA also provides its membership with access to engi-
fications” for low-voltage motors contains a detailed set of neering and educational programs, providing up-to-date
motor repair procedures. Here is a sampling of its content: information on materials equipment and technology. Mem-
Documentation: The repair form is the guide for the re- bers have access to courses or seminars such as Mechanical
pair. The person requesting the repair first fills out the form Repair Fundamentals of Electric Motors and the CD series,
with information about the problem and the form is subse- How to Wind Three-Phase Stators. More information on the
quently maintained by the repair facilities. This form serves latter is available at: www.easa.com/sites/default/files/How-
as the paper trail for that motor throughout the repair pro- ToWindDemos/HowTo_sftwr.pdf.
cess. Kitt Butler, director of motors and drives at Advanced Ener-
Incoming inspection: This describes the initial tests or gy, said, “There are many factors to consider when choosing
root cause analyses necessary to determine the cause of the a motor service center. Being a member of EASA is certainly
motor failure. The tests include visual inspection, testing of a plus. Its staff in St. Louis helps with all types of technical
the winding insulation, evaluating the bearings, and a no- questions; they support their members through workshops,
load run test if possible. online webinars, and technical resources. EASA is a great
Dismantling: Part of the failure analysis involved disman- organization. Look for an EASA member when choosing a
tling the motor. Related topics include how to properly mark shop for your motor repairs.”
the motor’s end-bells before removal; how to store the parts Service center quality. The value of a good motor repair
and identify them with the motor; noting the bearing insu- specification depends on the quality of the motor service
lation requirements and associated resistance tests; care center. Finding good motor service centers requires dili-
required for working with explosion proof motors; and care gence. Develop a set of criteria before you begin to audit a
necessary for rotor removal. motor repair facility. Advanced Energy offers some guide-
Vertical motors: Motor service centers are cautioned to lines in its Horsepower Bulletin:
refer to the manufacturer’s instructions when repairing ver- • Is the facility’s equipment in good condition?
tical motors. Measurements such as rotor lift end-play are • Is the facility in compliance with safety requirements,
critical and they need to be recorded. neatness and housekeeping?
Winding removal: This section is about collecting data • Are records and files well organized?
on the winding configuration. It describes the core loss tests • Are employees knowledgeable and satisfied at work?
that are conducted before and after insulation stripping and • Does the facility keep a variety of wire sizes and shapes
iron repair; sets limits on hot spot temperatures and core- in stock? (Look for half and full sizes if you have foreign
loss tolerances; and covers winding burn out procedures as motors.)
well as temperature and time limits. • What is the purpose and frequency of use of the test
equipment?
That’s just a sampling of a few of the specifications that
• Does the facility comply with industry standards for
could be examined. Additional line items for model repair motor repair quality and other specifications?
specifications are as follows: • Check the facility’s compliance with standards and
• Core preparation procedures published by EASA.
• Rewinds • Does the facility have an active quality assurance
• Routine overhauls program?
• Rotor test and repair

FEBRUARY 2016 Power Transmission Engineering 47

 FEATURE MOTOR MANAGEMENT — BEST PRACTICES, PART III

(For more information on this “Motor efficiency is important and can be done. We have proven many times that you can maintain
topic, visit the Knowledge Cen- efficiency when a motor is repaired. We promote motor repair companies that have demonstrated
quality assurance programs that maintain efficiency when a motor is rewound.”
ter at www.advancedenergy.org/ Kitt Butler, director, motors and drives at Advanced Energy Corporation
md/knowledge_library).
On selecting a motor service
center, Butler says, “There are many things to look for in a
motor service center’s guidelines. Look for the types of ma-
terials and equipment that the shop uses, the calibration
procedures for its measuring equipment, the quality of its
personnel and the experience and training its personnel.
All play a critical role in delivering a good quality repair that
maintains efficiency.”
Evaluate over time. When choosing a motor service cen-
ter, it is also important to do your evaluation over time. Don’t
base the evaluation just on a single visit and one set of mea-
surements. Provide your repair vendor with the specifica-
tion and measure them against that specification over time.
Some motors service centers create their own guidelines, us-
ing a standard such as the EASA Standard AR 100-2010. You
can audit a service center against its own guidelines if you
haven’t developed your own. aged and submitted to the service center for repairs. Service
Original efficiency. How important is it to restore an elec- centers meeting the program requirements receive certifica-
tric motor to its original tion.
efficiency? Since the cost Butler adds, “Returning a repaired motor to its original
to repair a motor may be efficiency is important and can be done. We have proven
a small percentage of the many times that you can maintain efficiency when a motor
cost to operate that mo- is repaired. We promote motor repair companies that have
tor over several years, the demonstrated quality assurance programs that maintain ef-
motor efficiency when re- ficiency when a motor is rewound.” Details of the PEV pro-
turned to service should gram and a list of the currently accredited motor service
be as close as possible to companies are online at www.advancedenergy.org/md/con-
the efficiency it had when sulting/repair_shop_selection.php.
new. Many motors operate Pre-EPAct motors. No matter the quality of repair, a pre-
40–80 hours per week — or EPAct motor will never be as efficient as a new, premium
more; so even small in- efficiency motor. The design of the original motor is the
creases in efficiency can contributing factor. Bruce Benkhart, director, Advanced
yield huge energy savings. Proactive Technologies, Springfield, Massachusetts, com-
The following standards mented, “When rewinding or repairing a motor, there are
and best practices cover motor repair, motor efficiency and a number of things to consider. An older motor that is inef-
quality assurance programs; they are available as free down- ficient might look repairable. However, (even) the best new
loads at www.EASA.com/energy. technologies and the best practices in rewinding can only re-
• “ANSI/EASA AR 100-2010: Recommended Practice for the store a motor to its original specifications. If it started life as a
Repair of Rotating Electrical Apparatus” pre-EPAct, lower efficiency motor, then that’s the best you’re
• “The Effect of Repair/Rewinding on Motor Efficiency” going to get back — no matter the quality of the repair work.”
• “Guidelines for Maintaining Motor Efficiency during Build a relationship. Build a strong relationship with your
Rebuilding” motor repair vendors; pressuring your motor service center
• “EASA-Q: 2000 Quality Manual” (purchase item) to rush a repair is never a good practice. A good motor ser-
Service center capability. A motor service center can vice center adheres to a specific set of guidelines in the mo-
verify its capability to return a repaired motor to its original tor repair process. Look for a motor service center that ad-
efficiency. The decision to repair a motor is often based on heres to the EASA guidelines. The risks of motor damage and
the motor’s pre-failure efficiency; a significant decrease in losses of efficiency are too great. A good motor service center
efficiency would increase energy costs and perhaps rule out will strongly advise against rushing a motor repair. As Doug-
repair. Proven efficiency verification (PEV) is a quality as- lass explains, “It’s important to understand the viewpoint of
surance program offered by Advanced Energy that mutually your repair facility. There are only a few ways to do it right,
benefits both motor repair purchasers and providers. The but many ways to do it wrong. Demanding they do the job
PEV program includes an on-site audit on the use of best fast is the wrong approach because there are so many ways
practices to bring the service center into conformance. Fol- to cut corners. These shortcuts could get a motor repaired or
lowing the audit, a control set of motors is pre-tested, dam- rewound faster, but most of these methods to accelerate the

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 FEATURE

process also degrade efficiency and reliabil-

ity. Good planning and a sufficient quantity
of spare premium efficiency motors will al-
low you to avoid such situations. You can put
a new spare in place and have ample time to
rebuild the failed motor and return it to spares
with minimal downtime.”

Preventive and Predictive

Maintenance
Differences between PM and PdM. Preven-
tive and predictive maintenance are distinct
activities with the same goal: Maintain the
production equipment and plant utility sys-
tems equipment in the best possible operating
condition for their intended purpose. In gen-
eral, preventive maintenance occurs during
equipment shutdown, and predictive mainte-
nance occurs when the equipment is running
in normal operating mode. The former keeps
equipment working, and the latter identi-
fies and corrects potential problems during
a non-disruptive time. Says Douglass, “Pre-
ventive maintenance is more familiar to most
people; it’s been done since as long as there
have been motors. Predictive maintenance is
analogous to what happens in a modern doc-
tor’s office. The doctor does not just reactively
treat serious conditions but rather tests for hidden indicators In addition to the technically skilled maintenance person-
such as blood pressure and cholesterol and corrects them nel, production employees can participate in a preventive
before something serious happens such as a heart attack or maintenance program. Those closest to the working systems
stroke. Modern electrical instrumentation allows you to see are the most likely to notice changes in equipment opera-
a lot more about what is happening and developing inside a tion; they could be trained to perform inspection and lubri-
motor than you could in the past. Using these instruments cation tasks.
you can anticipate a failure condition before it happens and Equipment suppliers can contribute to any preventive
intervene with corrective actions.” and predictive maintenance program. They tend to be more
Skills and responsibilities. Who does the work? Someone knowledgeable about their equipment and often have ad-
with a high level of maintenance, plant or facilities engineer- vanced skills, especially true in the use of predictive main-
ing experience writes the documentation that describes tenance instrumentation. As a major motor distributor with
each task. Such a person would understand many aspects of five locations across New York State, KJ Electric provides its
electric motor systems: i.e., aging characteristics; impact of customers with many services, including laser alignment,
contaminants; temperature extremes; moisture; corrosives full-spectrum vibration analysis, thermography analysis, dy-
contact; vibration; lubrication; and use of instrumentation. namic balancing and shaft voltage testing. For more infor-
The tasks require skilled mechanics and electricians; the mation, see www.kjelectric.com.
majority of work requests are for inspection and only a small Kenneth E. Jacobs, CEO, KJ Electric points out, “We offer
percentage are for lubrication — despite the importance of our customers thermography imaging for their motors and
the latter. Those performing the tasks must have a detailed motor systems. This service can identify hotspots in the mo-
understanding of the equipment so that they can effectively tors and power systems as a predictor of early failures. The
inspect and correctly evaluate problems. results of the thermography analysis point to preventive
Those directly responsible for managing the mechanics maintenance actions that could circumvent a failure.”
and electricians must also understand preventive and predic-
tive maintenance. The manager should have sufficient skills Preventive Maintenance
to participate in the system’s failure analysis and direct the Preventive maintenance (PM) is maintenance performed on
actions to prevent future failures. Upper management must electrical motor systems at scheduled intervals. PM is neces-
support the preventive and predictive maintenance programs sary to optimize motor life. The timing of the intervals de-
as necessary and important functions in the production pro- pends on the known reliability or failure rates of the motor
cess. They will be called on to authorize planned downtime components in the operating environment. Dirty or corro-
of equipment and to implement the maintenance programs. sive environments mandate frequent PM actions. Most in-

FEBRUARY 2016 Power Transmission Engineering 49

 FEATURE MOTOR MANAGEMENT — BEST PRACTICES, PART III

dustrial facilities have some form of preventive maintenance approved by the manufacturers and follow the manufactur-
program. er’s specifications for the correct application of the lubricant.
Rick Scott is assistant director of facilities operation at Motor shaft grounding. Variable frequency drives (VFDs)
St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York. This private can cause bearing failures by inducing currents in motor
university comprises 70 buildings and enrolls about 2,300 shafts. This problem is specific to VFDs and affects both AC
students. The school owns hundreds of motors with horse- and DC motors. Considering how they can save energy and
power between 1 and 50. Many of them drive pumps and lower operating costs, VFDs are increasingly used for process
air handlers, and many have variable speed drives. “At our control, pumps, air handling, conveyers, spindles and many
facility we’ve done quite a bit to save energy. We have a pre- more applications. As the drive switches on and off speed
ventive maintenance program with one person dedicated variations cause voltage buildups that seek a ground poten-
to that task. The program entails regular servicing of our air tial. Oftentimes the most direct path is through the bearings.
handlers, pumps and drives, as well as replacing belts and The bearing lubricant can act as an insulator but the lubri-
filters. Normally we will replace a motor larger than one cant’s resistive properties will eventually break down, and
horsepower with a premium efficiency motor whenever it the resulting electrical current flow pits the metal surfaces
fails, so long as it is not a candidate for repair. Sometimes we and the bearings eventually fail.
replace older motors that are still running with premium ef- Fortunately, solutions to this problem do exist. According
ficiency motors. For example, whenever a pump fails we just to Gilbert A. McCoy, P.E., Energy Systems Engineer, Wash-
replace the whole system. Premium efficiency motors tend ington State University Energy Program, “Currents induced
to have higher reliability. We try to increase efficiency and in a motor shaft and grounded across the bearings cause
save on electrical costs.” fluting, which is a type of bearing damage. To eliminate flut-
ing consider installing a shaft grounding brush and/or in-
Bearing Considerations sulated bearings so that the currents do not form and flow
Lubrication. Proper bearing lubrication is one of the tenets of across the bearings raceway.” Other solution options include
a preventive maintenance program. Bearing failures account hybrid ceramic bearings and line reactors or filters. Howev-
for a significant portion of the mechanically related problems. er, fluting may occur regardless of the efficiency class of the
(See sidebar, “Most Frequent Motor Failure Areas.”) motor — premium efficiency, energy efficient, or standard.
If you only detect bad bearings by noise or vibration, then
you will always be too late. At that point mechanical damage Predictive Maintenance
to the bearing raceways and perhaps even the motor shaft Predictive maintenance programs (PMPs) are gaining ac-
have already happened. And, you have already incurred extra ceptance as a method for maintaining motor reliability. A
energy costs by operating the motor with increased frictional well-rounded program includes as many technologies as
load to the motor. Butler fully acknowledges the importance practical — each technology contributing a significant factor
of lubrication in a preventive maintenance program. “Pre- to the diagnostic analysis. The scheduled static test and the
ventive maintenance is important for electric motors,” he more aggressive dynamic test are both useful in the predic-
says, “and lubrication is probably the most important aspect tion of potential motor systems failure.
of PM. Make sure you have the proper type of grease and ap- Advantages, disadvantages. PMPs can be expen-
ply the proper amount in a motor on its regularly scheduled sive — but they provide real benefits. The main advantage is
intervals.” expressed as follows on the website of the Department of En-
Bearings do not necessarily wear out  — but they do ergy. According to the DOE, “A well-executed program can
fail — and lubrication issues are a major factor in bearing almost eliminate catastrophic equipment failure because
failure. According to a white paper on bearing failure pub- issues are identified and eliminated prior to any significant
lished by Applied Industrial Technologies, improper lubri- system deterioration.”
cation accounts for 40 to 50 percent of bearing failures; im- Such programs save time and energy in other ways, too.
proper bearing installation for 25 to 30 percent; and other The following average savings are typical within indus-
causes account for 20 percent of bearing failures. Achieving trial settings:
the natural fatigue limits of the bearing accounts for less • Return on investment of up to 10X
than one percent of bearing failures! With proper preven- • Maintenance costs reduced by 25–30 percent
tive maintenance, bearings should outlast the useful life of • Elimination of breakdowns by 70–75 percent
the motor. (Read the white paper at http://web.applied.com/ • Downtime reduction of 35–45 percent
base.cfm?page_id=3702.) • Production up by 20–25 percent
Lubrication in anti-friction bearings prevents metal-to- • Advantages include the following:
metal contact between the rolling elements, raceways and • Allows preemptive corrections
retainers. The lubricant also provides protection against cor- • Increased system reliability and lifespan
rosion and wear, dissipates heat, and acts as a barrier to keep • Decreased equipment or process downtime
out solids and liquid contaminants. The anti-frictional prop- • Decreased costs for parts and labor
erties of the lubricants allow the motor to run much more • Better product quality
quietly. Yet, bearing lubricants break down over time and • Improved safety
therefore need periodic replenishment. Use the lubricants • Energy savings

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 FEATURE

Douglass was asked, “If you cannot predict when a fail-

ure will occur, what should you do?” He responded, “When
a motor analyzer is used in a predictive maintenance pro-
gram, typically the results are used to assign a condition sta-
tus to a motor like red-green-yellow: green means the motor
is okay, yellow means there are signs of deterioration, and
red perhaps means replacing that motor at the nearest pos-
sible opportunity. As a motor shows signs of deterioration,
you might put it on a watch list, take measurements more
frequently and be prepared to intervene before the motor
actually fails. These watch lists are useful because they in-
form management about the health of the motor population
in the plant. Remember, the goal of predictive maintenance
is to increase uptime, decrease failures, improve reliability,
and ultimately increase plant productivity.”
Predictive maintenance technologies. There are several
predictive maintenance technologies:
• Thermography or infrared imaging can generate a visual
image, which shows variations in the infrared radiance
on the equipment surfaces. It is useful in identifying
hotspots because of poor electrical connections or poor
air circulation.
• Lubricant and wear-particle analysis is also known as oil
analysis. The lubricant condition is useful in determining
if maintenance is required.
• Ultrasound analysis is similar to thermography, but uses
sound waves to image internal systems, enabling the
• Estimated 8–12 percent cost savings over preventive detection of system wear, leaks or failures.
maintenance • Vibration analysis seeks to identify system degeneration
Disadvantages include the following: exceeding permissible levels. Abnormal levels indicate
excessive system wear or equipment misalignment.
• Increased investment in diagnostic equipment
• Motor analysis includes several test measures that are
• Increased investment in staff training used to identify such issues as winding short-circuits,
• Savings potential not readily seen by management open coils, incorrect torque limits and mechanical
problems inside a motor.
For details, see: www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/program/om_ One such motor analysis tool is the power quality analyzer
predictive.html. (PGA). It provides extensive capabilities for recording and
trending power quality events. Several power quality analyz-
Performance Trending ers are available and they vary in price and features.
When conducted periodically, predictive maintenance lends Regarding PQAs, Anthony J. Simon, energy engineer at
itself to performance trending. Equipment issues needing Washington State University, says, “The power quality ana-
maintenance show up as abnormal performance trends. lyzer (PQA) provides the highest level of sophistication in
Once you establish your motor management plan and com- data collection for determining motor load inefficiencies.
plete your motor inventory, then the findings of predictive The inputs are voltage and current. The voltages for all phas-
maintenance can be added to the motor inventory database. es are live measurements from the operating motor. The cur-
Benkhart says, “Many facility managers want to inventory rent is a nonintrusive measurement using a current trans-
every motor, not only for an energy assessment but also for ducer, or CT, with clips that wrap around the conductors.
the backbone of a maintenance program. Predictive main- From these measurements the PQA records the motor load
tenance measurement results are entered into MotorMaster at different times during the operating process. The power
+ and become part of the record. Anyone knowledgeable of quality analyzer not only measures true kilowatt power — it
the metrics can follow the trends of the equipment.” measures harmonics; and it can give useful information on
You cannot predict when equipment will fail; you can voltage unbalance and other aspects of motor operation.”
only assess the potential for failure. McCoy says, “Predictive
maintenance involves taking periodic measurements, trend- Spending Decisions
ing those measurements, and knowing when a motor is start- The potential for a system failure tends to be inversely propor-
ing to show signs of deterioration. This data and knowledge tional to predictive maintenance put into a system; however,
enables the maintenance staff to intervene before the mo- predictive maintenance can be expensive, so a well-planned
tor fails. Some plants prefer the term ‘condition assessment’ application is recommended. A good understanding of your
rather than the term ‘predictive’ because management may motor inventory and a proper identification of the systems
assume they can predict when something is going to fail.”

FEBRUARY 2016 Power Transmission Engineering 51

 FEATURE MOTOR MANAGEMENT — BEST PRACTICES, PART III

SKF Dynamic Motor Analyzers-EXP4000 most critical to your plant or facility allows you to decide
where to best spend your predictive maintenance dollars.
As Butler explains, “Old timers just walked through the fa-
cility using their eyes and ears as the only predictive mainte-
nance program available. They had strong intuitions about
what was going to happen to a motor long before it failed. For
example, they could often ‘sense,’ without explaining how,
whether it was a bearing or a misalignment issue. Thankfully
there is lot more science out there today in terms of current
signature analysis, and there are a lot more tools available to
really analyze motors. PdMA, Baker and All-Test Pro make or
distribute signature current analysis tools that dramatically
assist with predictive maintenance today.”

Summary: Motor Repair and Maintenance

A motor repair specification, along with preventative and
predictive maintenance, aims at ensuring quality repairs,
long motor life, minimal downtime and energy savings.
ALL-TEST PRO® On-Line II The best assurance of repairing a motor to its maximum
energy efficiency is a well thought out and documented re-
pair specification built on use of technical resources and
membership in trade organizations, as well as a well-devel-
oped relationship with an accredited electric motor service
center.
Establishing and adhering to an electric motor preventa-
tive maintenance program, augmented by periodic predic-
tive maintenance, is the best insurance for the longevity and
efficiency of a facility’s motor systems. (NOTE: If your facility
does not have the staff, or requires either training or direct
services for preventative and predictive maintenance, con-
tact your local electric motor service center for assistance.
Also, the U.S. Department Energy has implemented a new
website — Energy Information Administration (eia) — at
http://energy.gov; and the Advanced Manufacturing Office
at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing. (NOTE: At
this writing the current links to DOE articles in this publica-
tion continued to be applicable.)
CR Magnetics For more information:
Split Core Current Transducer CR41 www.pdma.com/index.php
www.skf.com/portal/skf_bak/home/products?contentId=774348&lang=en
www.alltestpro.com
www.crmagnetics.com

For Related Articles Search

maintenance
at www.powertransmission.com

52 Power Transmission Engineering FEBRUARY 2016

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 FEATURE

Acknowledgements. CDA acknowledges the assistance of Kitt Butler, director, motors and drives at Advanced Energy
government and industry-based motor experts in the cre- Corporation (AEC), Raleigh, North Carolina (919) 857-
ation of the Motor Management Best Practices series. The 9017.kbutler@advancedeneergy.org.
following individuals were cited in at least one of the three Johnny Douglass, retired senior industrial engineer, Wash-
published installments: ington State University (WSU) Extension Energy Program
Emmanuel Agamloh, Ph.D., P.E. motor systems engineer, (360) 956-2086 douglass.johnny@gmail.com.
Advanced Energy Corporation, Raleigh, North Carolina Gilbert A. (Gil) McCoy, P.E. energy systems engineer with
(919) 857-9023, eagamloh@advancedenergy.org. the Washington State University (WSU) Energy Office,
Bruce Benkhart, director, Advanced Proactive Technolo- Olympia, WA. 360) 956-2086, mccoyg@energy.wsu.edu.
gies, Springfield, Massachusetts. Benkhart is available at Rob Penney, P.E., certified energy manager, senior energy
(413) 731-6546 bruce@appliedproactive.com. engineer at Washington State University (WSU). Penney
Tom Bishop, P.E., senior technical support specialist, Elec- is available at (360) 628-2053, penneyr@energy.wsu.edu.
trical Apparatus Service Association (EASA), St. Louis Mis- Anthony J. Simon, energy engineer, Washington State Uni-
souri. www.easa.com. versity (WSU). (360) 956-2141, SimonT@energy.wsu.edu.

Emmanuel Agamloh Bruce Benkhart Tom Bishop Kitt Butler Johnny Douglass Gilbert A. (Gil) McCoy Rob Penney

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