GSM/UMTS network elements

BSS and RAN subsystems CS Core Network Subsystem

A int
GSM MSC / MSS
mobile SRR
GSM BTS
BSC MGW
R99

A int
GSM / 3G
mobile GSM BTS HLR
BSC Iu int
MGW
R4
PSTN/ISDN

3G Iu int
mobile 3G (WCDMA)
BTS
RNC

3G (WCDMA)
BTS RNC IN Service Control Point
 Release 99 vs Release 4 –
- separation of control plane and user
plane
MSC / MSC Server

BSSAP’ Sigtran
IP
H.248 (Megaco)
E1 / TDM

Backbone

MGW

RNC in Rel 99 use

RNC in Rel 4 use

 Multiple RNC connections in one ATM
Module
Physically ATM Modules are located on
the MSC site
MSC /
MSS

UMTS interface between radio

access network and circuit switched
core network
ATM Iur ATM Iur ATM
Module Module Module
Iur connection between RNCs
Iu (+ Iur) through ATM Module

RNC

RNC

RNC Iur
RNC
RNC RNC RNC Max number of RNCs connected
RNC to one ATM Module depends on
RNC
ATM Module HW capacity
 Release 4 Network Architecture
Center of Excellence in Warsaw
MSS01
RNTB
MGW01
VPI-VCI:1-40 VPI-VCI:1-40
IID:1
IID:2
TTP:2
Iu-CS TTP:1
PG:0
MSC
PG:0

Iub
SET: 11 SET:0
SET:4
Server
SET: (spare)
(spare)
IID: 13
RNC MGW
WBTS3 IF 1
TTP:13
SET: 3 OMU: 10.88.24.4
AXC: 10.88.20.33 OMU: 10.88.24.70
MWAM: 10.88.20.41
2-16
NEMU: 10.88.24.68 NA1, 100’H

OMU:10.88.1.50
NEMU:10.88.1.51 HLTB
NA1,3D02’H - Polkomtel
NA1,3288’H - Centertel
HLR/
NA1, 300’H AuC
A- A-ter A
bis BSC01 CDS01 10.88.1.21
INSITE 61 33-01
33-03 BSC 32-31 TCSM NA1,3902’H - Polkomtel
NA1,3282’H - Centertel
INSITE 62
10.88.1.7 CDS
NA1,3981’H
OMU: 10.88.24.132
Access
Server
Mechanical construction of the DX200
The basic mechanical structure of the DX 200 i-
series network elements,
including the MSCi, follows a standard hierarchy:

• . cabinets
• . cartridges
• . plug-in units
• . internal cables
Cabinets
 Cartridges
Types of cartridges:

• cPCI cartridges
-> 1/3-shelf cartridge CC3C-A
-> 1/4-shelf cartridge CC4C-A

• non-cPCI cartridges
-> 1/3-shelf cartridge, comprising type SD3C-B
-> 1/4-shelf cartridge, comprising types SD4C-B and SW1C-B
-> 1/6-shelf cartridges, comprising types ET5C-B, CLAC-B and CLOC-B
 The MSS has three cabinet types:
• IP Cabinet F (IPCF)
• IP Cabinet G (IPCG)
• IP Cabinet H (IPCH)

8 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 IPCF Cabinet

9 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
10 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Redundancy principles
• HOT STANDBY (2n)
- every unit has one spare unit standing by

• SPARE DEVICE (n+1)

- number of units are backed up by one spare unit

• LOAD SHARING (n+1/L)

- working units will share the work load of a faulty unit
 DX200 architecture - MSC

BSS ET

IPET ECET Signalling units

LAN SWITCH

TGFP CLS
Switching related units
VANG GSW ET

CDSU ET Database related units

External Interface and data related

x.25 or
LAN to units
TGSU CCSU MFSU BSU PAU CASU M BDCU NMS and
SMSC
Other units
MB

CCMU CMU CM VLRU STU CHU OMU VDU

and
LPT

LAN SWITCH
 Base Station Signalling Unit, BSU
The BSU handles CCS7 signalling between the MSCi and the BSCs. It
also controls the PCMs ruunning to the Base Station Subsystem
(BSS)

Plug-in units:
CP710-A Central Processing Unit
MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
AS7-B / AS7-C Pre-processor (CCS7, ET control)
PSC6-B / PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge

Redundancy: N+1
14 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Basic Data Communications Unit,
BDCU links to the
The BDCU contains communication
operation and maintanace network (analogue/digital
X.25; LAN/Ethernet), to the Short Message Centre,
and to the Billing Centre

Plug-in units:
CP710-A Central Processing Unit
MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
AS7-B / AS7-C Pre-processor (digital X.25)
AC25-A Pre-processor (analogue X.25)
PSC6-B / PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge

Redundancy: none
16 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Cellular Management Unit, CMU
The CMU controls the cellular radio network and the
CDSUs of the exchange. It also provides system
support functions, such as private numbering plan
(PNP) translations

Plug-in units:
CP710-A Central Processing Unit
MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
AS7-B / AS7-C Interface (LAPD)
PSC6-B / PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge

Redundancy: 2n
 Central Memory, CM
The semi permanent files of the Central memory contain the
system tariffs, signalling, routing, and configuration data. On the
basis of this information the other units can make decisions
when a call is being established. The CM also hosts the LAN
switch, which collects O&M signalling data from the OMU,
BDCU, STU and CHU units.
Plug-in units:
CP710-A Central Processing Unit
MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
ESB20 O&M LAN switch unit
PSC6-B / PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge

Redundancy: 2n
 Charging Unit, CHU
The charging unit collects and stores charging data. In the MSCi,
one pair of CHU is required even in the minumum configuration.
The CHU also hosts the optional LAN switch, which collects and
switches SIGTRAN and/or IPET control signalling data between
the CCSUs and/or TGSUs and the IP network.

Plug-in units:
CP710-A Central Processing Unit
MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
ESB20 O&M LAN switch unit
PSC6-B / PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge

Redundancy: 2n
 Clock System, CLS
The CLS consists of two separate units, the Clock System Unit (CLSU) and
the
Clock and Alarm Buffer Unit (CLBU).
Clock System Unit, CLSU
Located in the MOMC cabinet, the CLSUs generate the clock
signals necessary for synchronising the functions of the SGSN
and transmit them further to the CLBU units in the SGBC
cabinet. When using hierarchical mode, each unit is
synchronised to up to four inputs (ETs), usually coming from an
HLR. The CLSUs also feed the timing signals to the units in the
SGAC cabinet and send them further to the OMU.

The basic configuration of the cartridge includes:

• two Clock and Tone Generator plug-in units (CL2TG-S)
Redundancy: 2n
21 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Clock and Alarm Buffer Unit, CLBU
The duplicated CLBUs distribute the clock signals (generated by the CLSUs)
to the units in the same cabinet. The CLBU also collects the wired alarms
from the units whose timing it handles and transfers them further to the
OMU. One CLBU unit can handle the timing and alarm collection
functions of up to 15 cartridges.

The duplicated CLBU is installed in a CLAC-B

cartridge. The basic configuration of the cartridge
includes:
• two Clock and Alarm Buffer plug-in units (CLAB-S)

Redundancy: 2n
23 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Group Switch 2048, GSW
The GSW is the switching fabric of the MSCi. The
Marker (M) controls it. The MSCi has a GSW that is
equipped
Plug-in units: to handle a capacity of 2048 x 2048 PCMs
SWCSM-S Switch Control and Switching Memory
SWSPS-S Switch Serial-Parallel-Serial Converter
PSC1-S Power Supply for Cartridge

Redundancy: 2n
 LAN Switch Unit, LANU
The LANU switches and collects control-plane and user-plane
IP traffic between the TGSUs, IPETs, and external routers
that, in turn, act as an access to the operator’s IP network.

Plug-in Units:
• ESB20 / ESB20-A LAN switch unit (2 electrical uplink
and 18 downlink 10/100 Mbit/s ports)
• PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge
 Marker, M
The marker controls and supervises the GSW, hunts for free
circuits and is responsible for connecting and releasing all
connections. The M, GSW and Tone Generator Field
Programmable (TGFP) make up a switchover entity, which is
duplicated for 2n redundancy.

Plug-in units:
CP710-A Central Processing Unit
MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
SWCOP-A Switch Control Processor
TGFP Tone Generator Field Programmable\
PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge
27 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Message Bus, MB
The MB is the physical connection between the computer units, which are
located in the first cabinet row. Message Bus Interface plug-in units (MBIF-A
or MBIF-B) in every computer unit control the MB

Plug-in units:
MBIF-A or MBIF-B (Message Bus
Interface) in every computer unit

There are terminators on both ends

of the MB and power supply is
needed in cartidges with
terminators.

Redundancy: 2n
29 © 2005 Nokia
V1-Filename.ppt
/ yyyy-mm-dd / Initials
 Operation and Maintenance Unit,
OMU
The OMU handles all centralised supervision, alarm and
recovery functions, and the connections towards user
interface (MMI-System). The entire system software and
the event buffer for intermediate storage of alarms is
stored in the OMU storage devices.
Plug-in units:
•CP710-A Central Processing Unit
•MBIF-A / MBIF-B Message Bus Interface
•AS7-B / AS7-C LAPD control and CLS synchronisation
•HWAT-A Hardware Alarm Terminal
•SERO-A V.24 Serial Interface
•PSC6-B / PSC6-A Power Supply for Cartridge
 PDFU units at the top of the IC209-A
cabinet

31 © 2005 Nokia V1-

Filename.ppt / yyyy-mm-dd /
Initials