Ghaziabad

Ghaziabad (Hindi
pronunciation: [ɣaːziːaːbaːd̪]) is a city in the
Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and a part of
the National Capital Region of Delhi.[2] It is
the administrative headquarters of
Ghaziabad district and is the largest city in
western Uttar Pradesh, with a population
of 1,729,000.[1] Ghaziabad Municipal
Corporation is divided into 5 zones - City
Zone, Kavi Nagar Zone, Vijay Nagar Zone,
Mohan Nagar Zone and Vasundhara
Zone[3] The Municipal Corporation
comprises of 100 wards.[1] Well connected
by roads and railways, it is a major rail
junction for North India.[4][5] It is
sometimes referred to as the "Gateway of
Uttar Pradesh" because it is close to New
Delhi, on the main route into Uttar
Pradesh.[6] Recent construction works
have led to the city being described by a
City Mayors Foundation survey as the
second fastest-growing in the world.[7][8]
Situated in the Upper Gangetic Plains, the
city has two major divisions separated by
the Hindon River, namely Trans-Hindon on
the west and Cis-Hindon on the east.[9]
 Ghaziabad
Metropolis

Crossings Republik, a township in Ghaziabad

on NH 24

Nickname(s): Gateway of Uttar Pradesh

Ghaziabad
 Show map
Coordinates: of India
28.67°N 77.42°E
Show map of Uttar Pradesh
Country India
Show map of Asia
State Uttar Pradesh
Show all
District Ghaziabad

Founded by Wazir Ghazi-ud-Din

Government

 • Body Municipal Corporation

 • Mayor Asha Sharma (BJP)
Area[1]

 • Total 210 km2 (80 sq mi)

Elevation 214 m (702 ft)

Population (2011 census provisional data)[1]

 • Total 1,729,000

 • Density 8,200/km2
(21,000/sq mi)

Demonym(s) Ghaziabadi

Languages

 • Official Hindi

Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)

PIN 201 XXX
Telephone code 91-120

Vehicle registration UP-14

Website ghaziabad.nic.in

History
Excavations carried out at the mound of
Kaseri, at the banks of the river Hindon,
some 2 km north of Mohan Nagar, have
shown that civilization existed there as
early as 2500 BC. Mythologically, some
neighbouring towns and villages of the city
including Garhmukteshwar, Pooth Village
and Ahar region have been associated
with the Mahabharata and the fort at Loni,
is associated with the legend of
Lavanasura of the Ramayana period.
According to the Gazetteer, the fort, "Loni"
is named after Lavanasura.[10]

The city and its surrounding region have

historically witnessed major wars and
battles over the last many centuries. In AD
1313, the entire region including present-
day Ghaziabad became a huge battlefield,
when Taimur laid siege on the area during
Muhammad bin Tughluq's reign.[10][11]
During the Anglo- Maratha War, Sir General
Lake and the Royal Maratha army fought
here circa. Altama Religion was started
from Ghaziabad in 1803.[10]

The city of Ghaziabad was founded in AD

1740 by Ghazi-ud-Din who served as a
wazir in the court of Mughal emperor
Muhammad Shah and named it as
"Ghaziuddinnagar" after his own name.[12]
The name "Ghaziuddinnagar" was
shortened to its present form, i.e.
"Ghaziabad" with the opening of the
Railways in 1864.[13][14][15][16] During the
Mughal period, Ghaziabad and especially
the banks of the Hindon in Ghaziabad,
remained a picnic spot for the Mughal
royal family.[14]

Establishment of the Scientific Society

here, during the same period is considered
as a milestone of the educational
movement launched by Syed Ahmad
Khan.[17] The Sind, Punjab and Delhi
Railway, connecting Delhi and Lahore, up
till Ambala through Ghaziabad was
opened in the same year.[18] With the
completion of the Amritsar-Saharanpur-
Ghaziabad line of the Sind, Punjab and
Delhi Railway in 1870, Delhi was
connected to Multan through Ghaziabad,
and Ghaziabad became the junction of the
East Indian Railway and Sind, Punjab and
Delhi Railway.[19]

Ghaziabad, along with Meerut and

Bulandshahr, remained one of the three
Munsifis of the District, under the Meerut
Civil Judgeship during most periods of the
British Raj.[20]

Ghaziabad was associated with the Indian

independence movement from the Indian
Rebellion of 1857.[13]

Industrial growth …

Although connected by railway since 1865,

it was not until 1940 that the first modern
industry appeared in Ghaziabad. However,
it was in the post-independence period
that industry really expanded, with a
further 22 factories opening in the four
years after 1947. This development can be
attributed to the influx of people from the
newly formed Pakistan and the relocation
of businesses from what was now the
Pakistani province of Punjab.[21] John
Oakey and Mohan Ltd., one of India's
largest concerns manufacturing coated
and bonded abrasives, and originally
functioning under the name of 'National
Abrasives' at Rawalpindi was shifted here
under the proprietorship of 'Dyer Meakins'
in 1947.[22] Subsequently, the Mohan
Meakin breweries were also set up in the
year 1949.[23] This period also saw the
development of Ghaziabad as one of
India's most famous centres of the Oil
Engines industry.[24]

In 1967, the municipal limits were

extended up to the Delhi-UP border.
Starting in the early 1970s, many steel-
manufacturing units also came up in the
city making it one of the primary industries
of the city. This period also saw the
emergence of the Electronics industry,
with the setting up of Bharat Electronics
Limited and Central Electronics Limited[25]
Over the years, planned Industrial
development saw participation from major
industrial houses of the country including
Mohans (Mohan Nagar Industrial Estate,
1949), Tatas (Tata Oil Mills), Modis
(Modinagar, 1933; International Tobacco
Co. 1967), Shri Rams (Shri Ram Pistons,
1964), Jaipurias etc. and also significant
participation through foreign capital in
concerns such as Danfoss India Ltd. (estd.
1968); Indo- Bulgar Food Ltd. and
International Tobacco Company (estd.
1967).[26]

Demographics

Population …

The provisional data derived from the

2011 census shows that Ghaziabad urban
agglomeration had a population of
2,358,525, of which males were 1,256,783
and females were 1,101,742. The literacy
rate was 93.81%.[27] Ghaziabad is a
subcategory B1 district of category B i.e.
having socioeconomic parameters below
the national average.[28] It is the second
largest industrial city in Uttar Pradesh after
Kanpur.[29]

Religion …
 Religion in Ghaziab
Religion
Hinduism
Islam
Sikhism
Christianity
Others

Hinduism is the most popular religion in

Ghaziabad with 72.93% followers, followed
by 25.35% Muslim followers, 0.41
Christian followers, and 0.49% Sikh
followers who make up the smallest
percentage of followers in the city. There
are around 0.07 Buddhists, 0.35% Jain
followers who are minorities. There are
many religious sites in Ghaziabad such as
the ISKCON Temple for Hindus, Jama
Masjid for Muslims, Holy Trinity Church for
Christians, and Shri Guru Singh Sabha
Gurudwara for Sikhs.

Climate
As it is connected to the national capital,
its temperature and rainfall are similar to
Delhi. Rajasthan's dust storms and
snowfall in the Himalayas, Kumaon and
Garhwal hills name their impact in the
weather regularly. The monsoon arrives in
the district at the end of June or the first
week of July and normally it rains until
October. As in other districts of northern
India mainly three seasons - summer,
winter and rainy - prevail here, but
sometimes due to severe snowfall in the
Himalayas and Kumaon Hills, adverse
weather can also be seen. Due to a
number of Construction and Highway
Projects causing cutting Down Hundreds
of old Trees rapidly, The Pollution and
rising Temperature problems have
increased significantly.

Climate data for Ghaziabad

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C 21 23 29 38 40 38 34 33 34 33 28 23 31
(°F) (70) (73) (84) (100) (104) (100) (93) (91) (93) (91) (82) (73) (88)
Average low °C 7 10 15 21 26 28 27 26 24 19 13 8 19
(°F) (45) (50) (59) (70) (79) (82) (81) (79) (75) (66) (55) (46) (66)
Average
15 18 23 27 31 69 234 245 103 23 8 16 812
precipitation
(0.6) (0.7) (0.9) (1.1) (1.2) (2.7) (9.2) (9.6) (4.1) (0.9) (0.3) (0.6) (31.9)
mm (inches)
Source: Ghaziabad Weather

Economy
Old villages. housing areas, parks, main roads and
railway lines, Hindon River in the right part of this

aerial photo (from East)

Real estate hub …

A proposal has been made to widen

National Highway 24 (NH-24) from four to
fourteen lanes on the stretch between the
Ghaziabad-Delhi border and Dasna. Many
residential and commercial projects are
being built along the highway.[31] Some
major developers which have invested
heavily on NH-24 are GAURS, Mahagun,
Antriksh, Crossings Republik, Ansal, Wave
City, Gulshan Homz, SG Estates etc. In
tune with Indian Government's Pradhan
Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban), there is VVIP
niwas Grih Awas Yojana, under which
Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and
Lower Income Group (LIG) people can
avail their dream homes at concessional
rates.[32] Places on NH-24 and National
Highway 58 are flourishing as residential
options to the capital because of their
proximity to Delhi.[33]

Transport
Delhi Metro

The Delhi Metro extends to New Bus Adda

station which is situated at the Old
Ghaziabad GT Road. This line has since
been extended to New Bus Stand,
Ghaziabad. Hindon River Station which
serves Raj Nagar Extension and Mohan
Nagar Station. Another station exists at
Vaishali, which serves that area as well as
Vasundhara and Indirapuram, and there is
also a station at Kaushambi.[34]

Residential apartments near Vaishali Metro Station,

Ghaziabad

Air
Hindon Domestic Airport is the airport
serving Ghaziabad which will begin
operation in October 2019. The closest
international airport is the Indira Gandhi
International Airport.

Sports
The Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium is a multi-
purpose stadium in Ghaziabad.

International Cricket Stadium is under

construction at Raj Nagar Extension and
will complete by 2021.
Institutes
ABES Engineering College
Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College
Institute of Management Technology
Jaipuria Institute of Management,
Indirapuram Ghaziabad [35]
Krishna Engineering College [36]
Krishna Institute of Engineering and
Technology[37]
Santosh Medical College
 SRM Institute of Science and
Technology (Delhi-NCR Campus)
Sunder Deep Group of Institutions
Raj Kumar Goel Institute Of
Technology[38]

People from Ghaziabad

Arts, entertainment and television …

Lara Dutta, Miss Universe 2000 and

Bollywood actress.[39]
Pradeep Nagar, Bollywood actor[40]
 Luv Ranjan, director

Business …

Nikesh Arora, businessman, former

president and COO of SoftBank Corp.
and CEO of SoftBank Internet and
Media, Inc.[41]
Donald Crowhurst, British businessman
and amateur sailor.
Kapil Mohan, businessman[42]

Politics and government …

Suresh Bansal, politician[43]

 Madan Bhaiya, politician,[44]
Roop Chaudhary, politician.[45]
Surendra Prakash Goel, politician
Rajesh Pilot, politician
Rama Pilot, politician.[46]
K. C. Tyagi, politician
Ram Chandra Vikal, freedom fighter and
Deputy chief minister of UP.[47]

Sports …

Vipin Kasana, Indian Javelin Thrower

Suresh Raina, Indian Cricketer[48]
 Sudeep Tyagi, Indian Cricketer

References
1. "Ghaziabad Information" .
2. "National Capital Region- Constituent
Areas" . NCRPB. Archived from the
original on 7 May 2015. Retrieved
1 June 2015.
3. "Zone-division of Ghaziabad Nagar
Nigam" .
4. Athique and Hill, Adrian and Douglas.
The Multiplex in India: A Cultural
 Economy of Urban Leisure (2010 ed.).
New York. pp. 110–114.
5. "District and Sessions Court
Ghaziabad- History" . NIC. Archived
from the original on 4 June 2013.
Retrieved 27 July 2013.
. "Ghaziabad-Gateway of U.P" .
Ghaziabad.nic.in. Archived from the
original on 28 July 2015. Retrieved
29 July 2015.
7. "Business:" . 17 November 2011.
Archived from the original on 20
 November 2011.
. Ghaziabad was first listed in early
2010 as # 420 by size. "The largest
cities in the world and their mayors:
Cities ranked 301 to 450" . City
Mayors. Archived from the original on
9 March 2010., current listings:
"World's fastest growing urban areas
(1)" . City Mayors. Archived from the
original on 25 November 2010.
Retrieved 1 November 2010.
 9. "Ghaziabad Nagar Nigam: About Us" .
Archived from the original on 1
February 2013.
10. "http://www.nagarnigamghaziabad.co
m/" . nagarnigamghaziabad.com.
Archived from the original on 14
September 2015. Retrieved
14 September 2015. External link in
|title= (help)
11. "Welcome to damyantigoel.com -
Mayor, Nagar Nigam, Ghaziabad" .
Damyantigoel.com. 14 November
 1976. Archived from the original on
14 August 2015. Retrieved 29 July
2015.
12. Anu Kapur, p. 83-85, Mapping Place
Names of India
13. "history1" .
nagarnigamghaziabad.com. Archived
from the original on 2 October 2015.
Retrieved 14 September 2015.
14. Roy, Debashish (14 August 2011).
"Ghaziabad has a long way to go to
become a part of NCR backbone" .
 The Hindu. Archived from the original
on 20 July 2014. Retrieved 12 June
2014.
15. "[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: IR
History: Early Days - 1" . Irfca.org.
Archived from the original on 7 March
2005. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
1 . "History" . ghaziabad.nic.in. District
Administration, Ghaziabad. Archived
from the original on 8 December 2008.
Retrieved 5 November 2008.
17. Azimabadi, Badr (2007). Great
Personalities in Islam . Daryaganj,
Delhi: Adam Publishers. p. 218.
1 . "[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: IR
History: Early Days - 1" . Irfca.org.
Archived from the original on 22
September 2014. Retrieved 17 June
2014.
19. "[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: IR
History: Early Days - 2" . Irfca.org.
Archived from the original on 11 June
2014. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
20. Statistical, descriptive and historical
account of the North-western ... -
North-western provinces - Google
Books . Books.google.co.in. 8 June
2007. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
21. Saxena, Aruna (1989). Perspectives in
industrial geography : a case study of
an industrial city of Uttar Pradesh .
New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co. pp. 30,
92, 98. ISBN 8170222508.
22. Saxena, Aruna (1989). Perspectives in
industrial geography : a case study of
 an industrial city of Uttar Pradesh.
New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co. p. 172.
ISBN 8170222508.
23. "Mohan Meakin Group" .
Mohanmeakin.com. Retrieved 17 June
2014.
24. Saxena, Aruna (1989). Perspectives in
industrial geography : a case study of
an industrial city of Uttar Pradesh.
New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co. p. 92.
ISBN 8170222508.
25. Saxena, Aruna (1989). Perspectives in
industrial geography : a case study of
an industrial city of Uttar Pradesh.
New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co. pp. 97,
98. ISBN 8170222508.
2 . Saxena, Aruna (1989). Perspectives in
industrial geography : a case study of
an industrial city of Uttar Pradesh .
New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co. pp. 124,
93, 11, 39, 69. ISBN 8170222508.
27. "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having
population 1 lakh and above" (PDF).
 Provisional Population Totals, Census
of India 2011. Archived (PDF) from
the original on 2 April 2013. Retrieved
7 July 2012.
2 . "Meeting of Empowered Committee"
(PDF). Minutes of the Meeting Report.
Government of India. Archived from
the original (PDF) on 30 September
2011. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
29. "district and session court-
ghaziabad" . Ghaziabad.nic.in.
Archived from the original on 14
 February 2014. Retrieved 17 June
2014.
30. "Ghaziabad District Religion Data -
Census 2011" . census2011.co.in.
31. "Make NH-24 eight-lane to ease mess:
Akhilesh Yadav" . Hindustan Times.
Archived from the original on 4 June
2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
32. {{Wave City
|url=https://www.pmawasyojna.com/g
haziabad/wave-city-dream-
homes.php
33. A K Tiwary, ET Bureau 9 September
2011, 08.02am IST (9 September
2011). "Ghaziabad real estate thriving
along two national highways -
Economic Times" .
Articles.economictimes.indiatimes.co
m. Archived from the original on 12
July 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
34. "Ghaziabad boards Metro for first
traffic-free ride to work" . Indian
Express. 15 July 2011. Retrieved
16 April 2013.
35. Jaipuria Institute of Management
3 . Krishna Engineering College
37. https://www.kiet.edu/
3 . https://rkgit.edu.in/
39. "Happy Birthday Lara Dutta: Her top
moments" . The Indian Express. 16
April 2015. Archived from the original
on 10 January 2018. Retrieved
10 January 2018.
40. "Archived copy" . Archived from the
original on 16 June 2016. Retrieved
18 May 2016.
41. "Google's Nikesh Arora: Man with a
plan" . Live Mint. Archived from the
original on 10 January 2018.
42. Thomas, Maria. "Old Monk's old man is
no more" . Quartz. Archived from the
original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved
10 January 2018.
43. "Archived copy" . Archived from the
original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved
15 August 2018.
44. "Archived copy" . Archived from the
original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved
 15 August 2018.
45. "Archived copy" . Archived from the
original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved
15 August 2018.
4 . "Members Bioprofile: Pilot, Smt.
Rama" . Lok Sabha. Archived from the
original on 7 November 2017.
Retrieved 4 November 2017.
47. "Archived copy" . Archived from the
original on 17 February 2013.
Retrieved 8 September 2018.
4 . "Suresh Raina Profile - ICC Ranking,
Age, Career Info & Stats" . Cricbuzz.
Archived from the original on 3 July
2017. Retrieved 10 January 2018.

Further reading
"Hindustan Times e-Paper" .
epaper.hindustantimes.com. Retrieved
14 September 2015.
"Census of India 2011 – Provisional
Population Totals | Uttar Pradesh Series
10" (PDF). 20 April 2011. Retrieved
14 September 2015.
 "Ghaziabad boards Metro for first traffic-
free ride to work - Indian Express" .
indianexpress.com. Retrieved
14 September 2015.
"Ghaziabad Art & Culture" .
goghaziabad.com. Retrieved
14 September 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media

related to Ghaziabad.

Ghaziabad District Administration

 Ghaziabad travel guide from
Wikivoyage

Retrieved from
"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Ghaziabad&oldid=951628457"

Last edited 2 days ago by Aktabhay81

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless

otherwise noted.