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    What Is Osteoporosis?

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    Maryam
    Osteoporosis is a disease where bone density and quality are reduced, making bones more porous and fragile and increasing the risk of fractures. It often develops silently without symptoms until the first fracture occurs. Common fractures are of the spine, hip, and wrist. Osteoporosis is diagnosed through DEXA scans measuring bone mineral density or after fractures occur. Risk factors include age, reduced hormones like estrogen, ethnicity, family history, and weight. Treatment focuses on stopping bone loss and strengthening weak bones through exercise, nutrition, supplements, and medications while prevention is key.

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    What Is Osteoporosis?

    Uploaded by

    Maryam
    29 views6 pages
    Osteoporosis is a disease where bone density and quality are reduced, making bones more porous and fragile and increasing the risk of fractures. It often develops silently without symptoms until the first fracture occurs. Common fractures are of the spine, hip, and wrist. Osteoporosis is diagnosed through DEXA scans measuring bone mineral density or after fractures occur. Risk factors include age, reduced hormones like estrogen, ethnicity, family history, and weight. Treatment focuses on stopping bone loss and strengthening weak bones through exercise, nutrition, supplements, and medications while prevention is key.

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    Osteoporosis is a disease where bone density and quality are reduced, making bones more porous and fragile and increasing the risk of fractures. It often develops silently without symptoms until the first fracture occurs. Common fractures are of the spine, hip, and wrist. Osteoporosis is diagnosed through DEXA scans measuring bone mineral density or after fractures occur. Risk factors include age, reduced hormones like estrogen, ethnicity, family history, and weight. Treatment focuses on stopping bone loss and strengthening weak bones through exercise, nutrition, supplements, and medications while prevention is key.

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    29 views6 pages

    What Is Osteoporosis?

    Uploaded by

    Maryam
    Osteoporosis is a disease where bone density and quality are reduced, making bones more porous and fragile and increasing the risk of fractures. It often develops silently without symptoms until the first fracture occurs. Common fractures are of the spine, hip, and wrist. Osteoporosis is diagnosed through DEXA scans measuring bone mineral density or after fractures occur. Risk factors include age, reduced hormones like estrogen, ethnicity, family history, and weight. Treatment focuses on stopping bone loss and strengthening weak bones through exercise, nutrition, supplements, and medications while prevention is key.

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    of 6

    What is osteoporosis?

    Osteoporosis, which literally means porous bone, is a disease in which the density and quality of bone
    are reduced. As bones become more porous and fragile, the risk of fracture is greatly increased. The loss
    of bone occurs silently and progressively. Often there are no symptoms until the first fracture
    occurs.Osteoporosis develops slowly, and a person may not know they have it until they experience a
    fracture or break after a minor incident, such as a fall. Even a cough or sneeze can cause a break in
    osteoporotic bones.Breaks will often occur in the hip, wrists, or the spinal vertebrae for people who
    have osteoporosis.If a break occurs in the spinal vertebrae, it can lead to changes in posture, a stoop,
    and curvature of the spine. People might also notice a decrease in height or their clothes may not fit as
    well as they did previously.

    What are the stages of osteoporosis?

     Osteopenia,by definition, is a condition of bone that is slightly less dense than normal bone but not to
    the degree of bone in osteoporosis.
    Causes and risk factors
    Doctors have identified several risk factors for osteoporosis. Some are modifiable, but it is not possible
    to avoid others.The body continually absorbs old bone tissue and generates new bone to maintain bone
    density, strength, and structural integrity.Bone density peaks when a person is in their late 20s, and it
    starts to weaken at around 35 years of age, As a person grows older, bone breaks down faster than it
    rebuilds. Osteoporosis may develop if this breakdown occurs excessively.It can affect both males and
    females, but it is most likely to occur in women after menopause because of the sudden decrease in
    estrogen. Estrogen normally protects women against osteoporosis.The IOF advises that once people
    reach 50 years of age, 1 in 3 women and 1 in 5 men will experience fractures due to osteoporosis.

    Unavoidable factors
    According to the American College of rheumatology  nonmodifiable risk factors  include:

     Age: Risk increases after the mid-30s and especially after menopause.
     Reduced sex hormones: Lower estrogen levels appear to make it harder for bone to regenerate.
     Ethnicity: White people and Asian people have a higher risk than other ethnic groups.
     Height and weight: Being over 5 feet 7 inches tall or weighing under 125 pounds increases the
    risk.
     Genetic factors: Having a close family member with a diagnosis of hip fracture or osteoporosis
    makes osteoporosis more likely.
     Fracture history: A person over 50 years of age with previous fractures after a low-level injury is
    more likely to receive a diagnosis of osteoporosis.
    Sign and symptoms:
    Osteoporosis itself has no symptoms; its main consequence is the increased risk of bone fractures.
    Osteoporotic fractures occur in situations where healthy people would not normally break a bone; they
    are therefore regarded as fragility fractures. Typical fragility fractures occur in the vertebral
    column,rib,hip and wrist.

    1.Fractures of the Spine

    Vertebral (spinal) compression fractures are broken bones in the back that are due to weak bones
    caused by osteoporosis. The vertebrae (spinal bone) collapses as a result of even minor injuries related
    to falling, bending, twisting, or sneezing. As the bones of the spine lose their mineralization and
    strength, they can collapse, causing a hunched-over appearance, often referred to as a “dowager
    hump.”

     2.Stress Fracture

    Stress fractures occur in bones due to repetitive injuries, usually with minimal trauma. Patients with
    osteoporosis are more prone to stress fractures because of the weakness of their bone.
    1.Hip Fracture

    Patients with osteoporosis are at greater risk for hip fractures. Even a simple fall can cause a hip fracture
    in a person with osteoporosis. Due to the weakness in the bones these injuries may take a long time or
    be difficult to fully heal.

    How Is Osteoporosis Diagnosed?

    Osteoporosis is often diagnosed on an X-ray when the patient suffers a fracture. However, by the
    time,osteoporosis is visible on X-ray there may be significant bone loss.A dual energy X-ray
    absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) scan can be used as a screening test for osteopenia (bone loss that
    precedes osteoporosis). This test measures bone density in the hip and spine and is more precise than
    an X-ray.

    How Is Osteoporosis Treated and


    Prevented?
    There is no current cure for osteoporosis. Osteoporosis treatment involves stopping further bone loss,
    and strengthening bones that show signs of weakness. Prevention of osteoporosis is key.

    1. Exercise

    2. Quit Smoking and Curtail Alcohol

     3.Calcium Supplements

    4.Calcium-Fortified Foods
    5.Vitamin D

    6.Menopausal Hormone Therapy

    7.Medications

    8.Prevention of Hip Fractures

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