AMERFROST A-23

Drew Marine Chemwatch Hazard Alert Code: 2

Chemwatch: 1984 Issue Date: 01/01/2013
Version No: 9.1.1.1 Print Date: 11/10/2014
Safety Data Sheet according to OSHA HazCom Standard (2012) requirements Initial Date: Not Available
S.GHS.USA.EN

SECTION 1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE / MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY / UNDERTAKING

Product Identifier
Product name AMERFROST A-23
Chemical Name TRIFLUOROMETHANE
Proper shipping name TrifluoromethaneorRefrigerant gas R 23
Chemical formula CHF3
Other means of
Not Available
identification
CAS number 75-46-7

Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Relevant identified uses Refrigerant, intermediate in organic synthesis; direct coolant for infrared detector cells; blowing agent for urethane foams.

Details of the manufacturer/importer

Registered company name Drew Marine
Address 100 South Jefferson Road Whippany 07981 NJ United States
Telephone 973 526-5700.
Fax Not Available
Website Not Available
Email Not Available

Emergency telephone number

Association / Organisation Not Available
Emergency telephone
The numbers below are for EMERGENCY USE ONLY. Use the corporate number above for all other calls.
numbers
Other emergency telephone CHEMWATCH: From within the US and CANADA: 1 877-715-9305 OR call + 613 9573 3112. From outside the US and Canada: + 800 2436 2255 ( +800
numbers CHEMCALL) or +613 9573 3112

CHEMWATCH EMERGENCY RESPONSE

Primary Number Alternative Number 1 Alternative Number 2
877 715 9305 +612 9186 1132 Not Available

Once connected and if the message is not in your prefered language then please dial 01

Una vez conectado y si el mensaje no está en su idioma preferido, por favor marque 02

SECTION 2 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Classification of the substance or mixture

GHS Classification Simple Asphyxiant, Gas under Pressure (Compressed gas)

Label elements

GHS label elements

SIGNAL WORD WARNING

Hazard statement(s)
H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated

Supplementary statement(s)
Not Applicable

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AMERFROST A-23

Precautionary statement(s): Prevention

Not Applicable

Precautionary statement(s): Response

Not Applicable

Precautionary statement(s): Storage

P410+P403 Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.

Precautionary statement(s): Disposal

Not Applicable

SECTION 3 COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Substances
CAS No %[weight] Name
75-46-7 >98 trifluoromethane

Mixtures
See section above for composition of Substances

SECTION 4 FIRST AID MEASURES

Description of first aid measures

If product comes in contact with eyes remove the patient from gas source or contaminated area.
Take the patient to the nearest eye wash, shower or other source of clean water.
Open the eyelid(s) wide to allow the material to evaporate.
Gently rinse the affected eye(s) with clean, cool water for at least 15 minutes. Have the patient lie or sit down and tilt the head back. Hold the eyelid(s) open
and pour water slowly over the eyeball(s) at the inner corners, letting the water run out of the outer corners.
The patient may be in great pain and wish to keep the eyes closed. It is important that the material is rinsed from the eyes to prevent further damage.
Ensure that the patient looks up, and side to side as the eye is rinsed in order to better reach all parts of the eye(s)
Eye Contact Transport to hospital or doctor.
Even when no pain persists and vision is good, a doctor should examine the eye as delayed damage may occur.
If the patient cannot tolerate light, protect the eyes with a clean, loosely tied bandage.
Ensure verbal communication and physical contact with the patient.
DO NOT allow the patient to rub the eyes
DO NOT allow the patient to tightly shut the eyes
DO NOT introduce oil or ointment into the eye(s) without medical advice
DO NOT use hot or tepid water.
If skin contact occurs:
Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear.
Skin Contact
Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available).
Seek medical attention in event of irritation.
Following exposure to gas, remove the patient from the gas source or contaminated area.
NOTE: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus may be required to assure the safety of the
rescuer.
Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block the airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures.
If the patient is not breathing spontaneously, administer rescue breathing.
Inhalation If the patient does not have a pulse, administer CPR.
If medical oxygen and appropriately trained personnel are available, administer 100% oxygen.
Summon an emergency ambulance. If an ambulance is not available, contact a physician, hospital, or Poison Control Centre for further instruction.
Keep the patient warm, comfortable and at rest while awaiting medical care.
MONITOR THE BREATHING AND PULSE, CONTINUOUSLY.
Administer rescue breathing (preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask-device, or pocket mask as trained) or CPR if necessary.
Not considered a normal route of entry.
Ingestion Avoid giving milk or oils.
Avoid giving alcohol.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed

for intoxication due to Freons/ Halons;
A: Emergency and Supportive Measures
Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary
Treat coma and arrhythmias if they occur. Avoid (adrenaline) epinephrine or other sympathomimetic amines that may precipitate ventricular arrhythmias. Tachyarrhythmias caused by increased
myocardial sensitisation may be treated with propranolol, 1-2 mg IV or esmolol 25-100 microgm/kg/min IV.
Monitor the ECG for 4-6 hours
B: Specific drugs and antidotes:
There is no specific antidote
C: Decontamination
Inhalation; remove victim from exposure, and give supplemental oxygen if available.
Ingestion; (a) Prehospital: Administer activated charcoal, if available. DO NOT induce vomiting because of rapid absorption and the risk of abrupt onset CNS depression. (b) Hospital:
Administer activated charcoal, although the efficacy of charcoal is unknown. Perform gastric lavage only if the ingestion was very large and recent (less than 30 minutes)
D: Enhanced elimination:
There is no documented efficacy for diuresis, haemodialysis, haemoperfusion, or repeat-dose charcoal.
POISONING and DRUG OVERDOSE, Californian Poison Control System Ed. Kent R Olson; 3rd Edition
Do not administer sympathomimetic drugs unless absolutely necessary as material may increase myocardial irritability.
No specific antidote.
Because rapid absorption may occur through lungs if aspirated and cause systematic effects, the decision of whether to induce vomiting or not should be made by an attending physician.
If lavage is performed, suggest endotracheal and/or esophageal control.
Danger from lung aspiration must be weighed against toxicity when considering emptying the stomach.
Treatment based on judgment of the physician in response to reactions of the patient
For frost-bite caused by liquefied petroleum gas:
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AMERFROST A-23

If part has not thawed, place in warm water bath (41-46 C) for 15-20 minutes, until the skin turns pink or red.
Analgesia may be necessary while thawing.
If there has been a massive exposure, the general body temperature must be depressed, and the patient must be immediately rewarmed by whole-body immersion, in a bath at the above
temperature.
Shock may occur during rewarming.
Administer tetanus toxoid booster after hospitalization.
Prophylactic antibiotics may be useful.
The patient may require anticoagulants and oxygen.
[Shell Australia 22/12/87]
for gas exposures:
--------------------------------------------------------------
BASIC TREATMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------
Establish a patent airway with suction where necessary.
Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilation as necessary.
Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask at 10 to 15 l/min.
Monitor and treat, where necessary, for pulmonary oedema .
Monitor and treat, where necessary, for shock.
Anticipate seizures.
--------------------------------------------------------------
ADVANCED TREATMENT
--------------------------------------------------------------
Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in unconscious patient or where respiratory arrest has occurred.
Positive-pressure ventilation using a bag-valve mask might be of use.
Monitor and treat, where necessary, for arrhythmias.
Start an IV D5W TKO. If signs of hypovolaemia are present use lactated Ringers solution. Fluid overload might create complications.
Drug therapy should be considered for pulmonary oedema.
Hypotension with signs of hypovolaemia requires the cautious administration of fluids. Fluid overload might create complications.
Treat seizures with diazepam.
Proparacaine hydrochloride should be used to assist eye irrigation.
BRONSTEIN, A.C. and CURRANCE, P.L.
EMERGENCY CARE FOR HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EXPOSURE: 2nd Ed. 1994

SECTION 5 FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

Extinguishing media
SMALL FIRE: Use extinguishing agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.
LARGE FIRE: Cool cylinder.
DO NOT direct water at source of leak or venting safety devices as icing may occur.

Special hazards arising from the substrate or mixture

Fire Incompatibility None known.

Advice for firefighters

--------------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL
--------------------------------------------------------------
Alert Fire Brigade and tell them location and nature of hazard.
Wear breathing apparatus and protective gloves.
Fight fire from a safe distance, with adequate cover.
Use water delivered as a fine spray to control fire and cool adjacent area.
DO NOT approach cylinders suspected to be hot.
Cool fire exposed cylinders with water spray from a protected location.
If safe to do so, remove cylinders from path of fire.
Fire Fighting --------------------------------------------------------------
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS:
--------------------------------------------------------------
Excessive pressures may develop in a gas cylinder exposed in a fire; this may result in explosion.
Cylinders with pressure relief devices may release their contents as a result of fire and the released gas may constitute a further source of hazard for the
fire-fighter.
Cylinders without pressure-relief valves have no provision for controlled release and are therefore more likely to explode if exposed to fire.
--------------------------------------------------------------
FIRE FIGHTING REQUIREMENTS:
--------------------------------------------------------------
The need for proximity, entry and special protective clothing should be determined for each incident, by a competent fire-fighting safety professional.
Non combustible.
Not considered a significant fire risk, however containers may burn.
Fire/Explosion Hazard Decomposition may produce toxic fumes of:, hydrogen fluoride Contains low boiling substance: Closed containers may rupture due to pressure buildup
under fire conditions.
Vented gas is more dense than air and may collect in pits, basements.

SECTION 6 ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Avoid breathing vapour and any contact with liquid or gas. Protective equipment including respirator should be used.
DO NOT enter confined spaces were gas may have accumulated.
Increase ventilation.
Clear area of personnel.
Minor Spills Stop leak only if safe to so do.
Remove leaking cylinders to safe place. Release pressure under safe controlled conditions by opening valve.
Do not exert excessive pressure on the valve; do not attempt to operate a damaged valve
Orientate cylinder so that the leak is gas, not liquid, to minimise rate of leakage
Keep area clear of personnel until gas has dispersed.

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AMERFROST A-23

Clear area of all unprotected personnel and move upwind.

Alert Emergency Authority and advise them of the location and nature of hazard.
Wear breathing apparatus and protective gloves.
Prevent by any means available, spillage from entering drains and water-courses.
Consider evacuation.
Increase ventilation.
No smoking or naked lights within area.
Major Spills Stop leak only if safe to so do.
Water spray or fog may be used to disperse vapour.
DO NOT enter confined space where gas may have collected.
Keep area clear until gas has dispersed.
Remove leaking cylinders to a safe place.
Fit vent pipes. Release pressure under safe, controlled conditions
Burn issuing gas at vent pipes.
DO NOT exert excessive pressure on valve; DO NOT attempt to operate damaged valve.

Personal Protective Equipment advice is contained in Section 8 of the MSDS.

SECTION 7 HANDLING AND STORAGE

Precautions for safe handling

Consider use in closed pressurised systems, fitted with temperature, pressure and safety relief valves which are vented for safe dispersal.
The tubing network design connecting gas cylinders to the delivery system should include appropriate pressure indicators and vacuum or suction lines.
Fully-welded types of pressure gauges, where the bourdon tube sensing element is welded to the gauge body, are recommended.
Before connecting gas cylinders, ensure manifold is mechanically secure and does not containing another gas. Before disconnecting gas cylinder, isolate
supply line segment proximal to cylinder, remove trapped gas in supply line with aid of vacuum pump
When connecting or replacing cylinders take care to avoid airborne particulates violently ejected when system pressurises.
Consider the use of doubly-contained piping; diaphragm or bellows sealed, soft seat valves; backflow prevention devices; flash arrestors; and flow monitoring
or limiting devices. Gas cabinets, with appropriate exhaust treatment, are recommended, as is automatic monitoring of the secondary enclosures and work
areas for release.
Use a pressure reducing regulator when connecting cylinder to lower pressure (<100 psig) piping or systems
Use a check valve or trap in the discharge line to prevent hazardous back-flow into the cylinder
Check regularly for spills or leaks. Keep valves tightly closed but do not apply extra leverage to hand wheels or cylinder keys.
Open valve slowly. If valve is resistant to opening then contact your supervisor
Valve protection caps must remain in place must remain in place unless container is secured with valve outlet piped to use point.
Never insert a pointed object (e.g hooks) into cylinder cap openings as a means to open cap or move cylinder. Such action can inadvertently turn the valve and
Safe handling gas a gas leak. Use an adjustable strap instead of wrench to free an over-tight or rusted cap.
A bubble of gas may buildup behind the outlet dust cap during transportation, after prolonged storage, due to defective cylinder valve or if a dust cap is
inserted without adequate evacuation of gas from the line. When loosening dust cap, preferably stand cylinder in a suitable enclosure and take cap off slowly.
Never face the dust cap directly when removing it; point cap away from any personnel or any object that may pose a hazard. under negative pressure (relative
to atmospheric gas)
Do NOT drag, slide or roll cylinders - use a suitable hand truck for cylinder movement
Test for leakage with brush and detergent - NEVER use a naked flame.
Do NOT heat cylinder by any means to increase the discharge rate of product from cylinder.
Leaking gland nuts may be tightened if necessary.
If a cylinder valve will not close completely, remove the cylinder to a well ventilated location (e.g. outside) and, when empty, tag as FAULTY and return to
supplier.
Obtain a work permit before attempting any repairs.
DO NOT attempt repair work on lines, vessels under pressure.
Atmospheres must be tested and O.K. before work resumes after leakage.

DO NOT transfer gas from one cylinder to another.

Cylinders should be stored in a purpose-built compound with good ventilation, preferably in the open.
Such compounds should be sited and built in accordance with statutory requirements.
The storage compound should be kept clear and access restricted to authorised personnel only.
Cylinders stored in the open should be protected against rust and extremes of weather.
Cylinders in storage should be properly secured to prevent toppling or rolling.
Cylinder valves should be closed when not in use.
Where cylinders are fitted with valve protection this should be in place and properly secured.
Other information
Gas cylinders should be segregated according to the requirements of the Dangerous Goods Act.
Preferably store full and empty cylinders separately.
Check storage areas for hazardous concentrations of gases prior to entry.
Full cylinders should be arranged so that the oldest stock is used first.
Cylinders in storage should be checked periodically for general condition and leakage.
Protect cylinders against physical damage. Move and store cylinders correctly as instructed for their manual handling.
NOTE: A 'G' size cylinder is usually too heavy for an inexperienced operator to raise or lower.

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Cylinder:
Ensure the use of equipment rated for cylinder pressure.
Ensure the use of compatible materials of construction.
Valve protection cap to be in place until cylinder is secured, connected.
Suitable container Cylinder must be properly secured either in use or in storage.
Cylinder valve must be closed when not in use or when empty.
Segregate full from empty cylinders.

WARNING: Suckback into cylinder may result in rupture. Use back-flow preventive device in piping.
Trifluoromethane:
reacts violently with alkaline earth and alkali metals
reacts violently with aluminium oxide at elevated temperatures producing hydrogen chloride and phosgene vapours
is incompatible with beryllium, decaborane, diborane, difluoromethylene, dihypofluorite, fluorine, lithium, magnesium, potassium, acetylene-1,2-dioxide,
Storage incompatibility potassium acetylene-1,2-dioxide, potassium-sodium alloy, sodium amide, titanium, uranium hydride, zinc
attacks aluminium, magnesium, zinc and their alloys
As a general rule, hydrofluorocarbons tend to be flammable unless they contain more fluorine atoms than hydrogen atoms.
Haloalkanes:

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Chemwatch: 1984 Page 5 of 9 Issue Date: 01/01/2013
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AMERFROST A-23

are highly reactive:some of the more lightly substituted lower members are highly flammable; the more highly substituted may be used as fire suppressants,
not always with the anticipated results.
may react with the lighter divalent metals to produce more reactive compounds analogous to Grignard reagents.
may produce explosive compounds following prolonged contact with metallic or other azides
may react on contact with potassium or its alloys - although apparently stable on contact with a wide rage of halocarbons, reaction products may be shock-
sensitive and may explode with great violence on light impact; severity generally increases with the degree of halocarbon substitution and potassium-sodium
alloys give extremely sensitive mixtures .
BRETHERICK L.: Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards
react with metal halides and active metals, eg. sodium (Na), potassium (K), lithium (Li),calcium (Ca), zinc (Zn), powdered aluminium (Al) and aluminium
alloys, magnesium (Mg) and magnesium alloys.
may react with brass and steel.
may react explosively with strong oxidisers
may degrade rubber, and plastics such as methacrylate polymers, polyethylene and polystyrene, paint and coatings
Compressed gases may contain a large amount of kinetic energy over and above that potentially available from the energy of reaction produced by the gas in
chemical reaction with other substances

PACKAGE MATERIAL INCOMPATIBILITIES

Not Available

SECTION 8 EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION

Control parameters

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS (OEL)

INGREDIENT DATA
Not Available
EMERGENCY LIMITS
Ingredient TEEL-0 TEEL-1 TEEL-2 TEEL-3
AMERFROST A-23 Not Available Not Available Not Available Not Available

Ingredient Original IDLH Revised IDLH

trifluoromethane Not Available Not Available

Exposure controls
Engineering controls are used to remove a hazard or place a barrier between the worker and the hazard. Well-designed engineering controls can be highly
effective in protecting workers and will typically be independent of worker interactions to provide this high level of protection.
The basic types of engineering controls are:
Process controls which involve changing the way a job activity or process is done to reduce the risk.
Enclosure and/or isolation of emission source which keeps a selected hazard "physically" away from the worker and ventilation that strategically "adds" and
"removes" air in the work environment. Ventilation can remove or dilute an air contaminant if designed properly. The design of a ventilation system must match
the particular process and chemical or contaminant in use.
Employers may need to use multiple types of controls to prevent employee overexposure.

Areas where cylinders are stored require good ventilation and, if enclosed, need discrete/controlled exhaust ventilation.
Secondary containment and exhaust gas treatment may be required by certain jurisdictions.
Local exhaust ventilation may be required in work areas.
Consideration should be given to the use of diaphragm or bellows-sealed, soft-seat valves; backflow prevention devices and flow-monitoring or limiting
devices.
Automated alerting systems with automatic shutdown of gas-flow may be appropriate and may in fact be mandatory in certain jurisdictions.
Respiratory protection in the form of air-supplied or self-contained breathing equipment must be worn if the oxygen concentration in the workplace air is less
than 19%.
Cartridge respirators do NOT give protection and may result in rapid suffocation.
Air contaminants generated in the workplace possess varying "escape" velocities which, in turn, determine the "capture velocities" of fresh circulating air
Appropriate engineering required to effectively remove the contaminant.
controls
Type of Contaminant: Air Speed:
gas discharge (active generation into zone of rapid air motion) 1-2.5 m/s (200-500 f/min.)

Within each range the appropriate value depends on:

Lower end of the range Upper end of the range

1: Room air currents minimal or favourable to capture 1: Disturbing room air currents
2: Contaminants of low toxicity or of nuisance value only. 2: Contaminants of high toxicity
3: Intermittent, low production. 3: High production, heavy use
4: Large hood or large air mass in motion 4: Small hood-local control only

Simple theory shows that air velocity falls rapidly with distance away from the opening of a simple extraction pipe. Velocity generally decreases with the square
of distance from the extraction point (in simple cases). Therefore the air speed at the extraction point should be adjusted, accordingly, after reference to
distance from the contaminating source. The air velocity at the extraction fan, for example, should be a minimum of 1-2.5 m/s (200-500 f/min.) for extraction of
gases discharged 2 meters distant from the extraction point. Other mechanical considerations, producing performance deficits within the extraction apparatus,
make it essential that theoretical air velocities are multiplied by factors of 10 or more when extraction systems are installed or used.

Personal protection

Safety glasses with side shields.

Eye and face protection Chemical goggles.
Contact lenses may pose a special hazard; soft contact lenses may absorb and concentrate irritants. A written policy document, describing the wearing of

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AMERFROST A-23

lenses or restrictions on use, should be created for each workplace or task. This should include a review of lens absorption and adsorption for the class of
chemicals in use and an account of injury experience. Medical and first-aid personnel should be trained in their removal and suitable equipment should be
readily available. In the event of chemical exposure, begin eye irrigation immediately and remove contact lens as soon as practicable. Lens should be removed
at the first signs of eye redness or irritation - lens should be removed in a clean environment only after workers have washed hands thoroughly. [CDC NIOSH
Current Intelligence Bulletin 59], [AS/NZS 1336 or national equivalent]
Skin protection See Hand protection below
Hands/feet protection When handling sealed and suitably insulated cylinders wear cloth or leather gloves.
Body protection See Other protection below
Protective overalls, closely fitted at neck and wrist.
Eye-wash unit.
Other protection Ensure availability of lifeline in confined spaces.
Staff should be trained in all aspects of rescue work.
Rescue gear: Two sets of SCUBA breathing apparatus Rescue Harness, lines etc.
Thermal hazards Not Available

Recommended material(s) Respiratory protection

GLOVE SELECTION INDEX Type AX Filter of sufficient capacity. (AS/NZS 1716 & 1715, EN 143:2000 & 149:2001, ANSI
Glove selection is based on a modified presentation of the: Z88 or national equivalent)
"Forsberg Clothing Performance Index". Where the concentration of gas/particulates in the breathing zone, approaches or exceeds the
The effect(s) of the following substance(s) are taken into account in the computer- "Exposure Standard" (or ES), respiratory protection is required.
generated selection: Degree of protection varies with both face-piece and Class of filter; the nature of protection
AMERFROST A-23 Not Available varies with Type of filter.

Material CPI Required Minimum Half-Face Full-Face Powered Air

Protection Factor Respirator Respirator Respirator
* CPI - Chemwatch Performance Index
A: Best Selection AX-PAPR-AUS /
up to 10 x ES AX-AUS -
B: Satisfactory; may degrade after 4 hours continuous immersion Class 1
C: Poor to Dangerous Choice for other than short term immersion AX-AUS / Class
NOTE: As a series of factors will influence the actual performance of the glove, a final up to 50 x ES - -
1
selection must be based on detailed observation. -
* Where the glove is to be used on a short term, casual or infrequent basis, factors such as up to 100 x ES - AX-2 AX-PAPR-2 ^
"feel" or convenience (e.g. disposability), may dictate a choice of gloves which might otherwise
be unsuitable following long-term or frequent use. A qualified practitioner should be consulted. ^ - Full-face
A(All classes) = Organic vapours, B AUS or B1 = Acid gasses, B2 = Acid gas or hydrogen
cyanide(HCN), B3 = Acid gas or hydrogen cyanide(HCN), E = Sulfur dioxide(SO2), G =
Agricultural chemicals, K = Ammonia(NH3), Hg = Mercury, NO = Oxides of nitrogen, MB =
Methyl bromide, AX = Low boiling point organic compounds(below 65 degC)

SECTION 9 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Information on basic physical and chemical properties

Colourless, liquefiable, gas with slight ethereal odour; slightly soluble in water. Soluble in alcohol, acetone, benzene, hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents,
Appearance
ketones, esters and organic acids. Vapour heavier than air.

Physical state Compressed Gas Relative density (Water = 1) 1.52 @ -100 C

Partition coefficient
Odour Not Available Not Available
n-octanol / water
Auto-ignition temperature
Odour threshold Not Available Not Available
(°C)
Decomposition
pH (as supplied) Not Applicable Not Available
temperature
Melting point / freezing
-160 Viscosity (cSt) Not Applicable
point (°C)
Initial boiling point and
-82.2 Molecular weight (g/mol) 70.02
boiling range (°C)
Flash point (°C) Not Available Taste Not Available
Evaporation rate Fast Explosive properties Not Available
Flammability Not Available Oxidising properties Not Available
Surface Tension (dyn/cm or
Upper Explosive Limit (%) Not Available Not Available
mN/m)
Lower Explosive Limit (%) Not Available Volatile Component (%vol) 100
Vapour pressure (kPa) 4210 @ 21 deg C Gas group Not Available
Solubility in water (g/L) Partly miscible pH as a solution(1%) Not Applicable
Vapour density (Air = 1) 2.43 VOC g/L Not Available

SECTION 10 STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Reactivity See section 7

Unstable in the presence of incompatible materials.
Product is considered stable.
Chemical stability
Hazardous polymerisation will not occur.
Presence of elevated temperatures.

Continued...
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AMERFROST A-23

Possibility of hazardous
See section 7
reactions
Conditions to avoid See section 7
Incompatible materials See section 7
Hazardous decomposition
See section 5
products

SECTION 11 TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Information on toxicological effects

The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified by EC Directives using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation, of the material,
especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress.
Inhalation of vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. This may be accompanied by narcosis, reduced alertness, loss of reflexes, lack of coordination and
vertigo.
Inhalation of vapours or aerosols (mists, fumes), generated by the material during the course of normal handling, may be damaging to the health of the
individual.

Material is highly volatile and may quickly form a concentrated atmosphere in confined or unventilated areas. The vapour may displace and replace air in
breathing zone, acting as a simple asphyxiant. This may happen with little warning of overexposure.
Symptoms of asphyxia (suffocation) may include headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, muscular weakness, drowsiness and ringing in the ears. If the
asphyxia is allowed to progress, there may be nausea and vomiting, further physical weakness and unconsciousness and, finally, convulsions, coma and death.
Significant concentrations of the non-toxic gas reduce the oxygen level in the air. As the amount of oxygen is reduced from 21 to 14 volume %, the pulse rate
accelerates and the rate and volume of breathing increase. The ability to maintain attention and think clearly is diminished and muscular coordination is
somewhat disturbed. As oxygen decreases from 14-10% judgement becomes faulty; severe injuries may cause no pain. Muscular exertion leads to rapid
fatigue. Further reduction to 6% may produce nausea and vomiting and the ability to move may be lost. Permanent brain damage may result even after
Inhaled
resuscitation at exposures to this lower oxygen level. Below 6% breathing is in gasps and convulsions may occur. Inhalation of a mixture containing no oxygen
may result in unconsciousness from the first breath and death will follow in a few minutes.
Exposure to high concentrations of fluorocarbons may produce cardiac arrhythmias or cardiac arrest due sensitisation of the heart to adrenalin or noradrenalin.
Deaths associated with exposures to fluorocarbons (specifically halogenated aliphatics) have occurred in occupational settings and in inhalation of
bronchodilator drugs.
Bronchospasm consistently occurs in human subjects inhaling fluorocarbons. At a measured concentration of 1700 ppm of one of the commercially available
aerosols there is a biphasic change in ventilatory capacity, the first reduction occurring within a few minutes and the second delayed up to 30 minutes. Most
subjects developed bradycardia (reduced pulse rate).
Bradycardia is encountered in dogs when administration is limited to upper respiratory tract (oropharyngeal and nasal areas). Cardiac arrhythmias can be
experimentally induced in animals (species dependency is pronounced with dogs and monkeys requiring lesser amounts of fluorocarbon FC-11 than rats or
mice). Sensitivity is increased by injection of adrenalin or cardiac ischaemia/necrosis or pulmonary thrombosis/bronchitis. The cardiotoxic effects of the
fluorocarbons originate from irritation of the respiratory tract which in turn reflexively influences the heart rate (even prior to absorption of the fluorocarbon)
followed by direct depression of the heart after absorption.
Exposure to fluorocarbon thermal decomposition products may produce flu-like symptoms including chills, fever, weakness, muscular aches, headache, chest
discomfort, sore throat and dry cough. Complete recovery usually occurs within 24 hours of exposure.
Overexposure is unlikely in this form.
Ingestion Not normally a hazard due to physical form of product.
Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments
Skin contact is not thought to have harmful health effects (as classified under EC Directives); the material may still produce health damage following entry
through wounds, lesions or abrasions.

Limited evidence exists, or practical experience predicts, that the material either produces inflammation of the skin in a substantial number of individuals
following direct contact, and/or produces significant inflammation when applied to the healthy intact skin of animals, for up to four hours, such inflammation
being present twenty-four hours or more after the end of the exposure period. Skin irritation may also be present after prolonged or repeated exposure; this may
result in a form of contact dermatitis (nonallergic). The dermatitis is often characterised by skin redness (erythema) and swelling (oedema) which may
progress to blistering (vesiculation), scaling and thickening of the epidermis. At the microscopic level there may be intercellular oedema of the spongy layer of
Skin Contact
the skin (spongiosis) and intracellular oedema of the epidermis.

In common with other halogenated aliphatics, fluorocarbons may cause dermal problems due to a tendency to remove natural oils from the skin causing
irritation and the development of dry, sensitive skin. They do not appear to be appreciably absorbed.
Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material
Material on the skin evaporates rapidly and may cause tingling, chilling and even temporary numbness
Entry into the blood-stream through, for example, cuts, abrasions, puncture wounds or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the
skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.

Although the material is not thought to be an irritant (as classified by EC Directives), direct contact with the eye may produce transient discomfort
Eye characterised by tearing or conjunctival redness (as with windburn).
Direct contact with the eye may not cause irritation because of the extreme volatility of the gas; however concentrated atmospheres may produce irritation after
brief exposures..
Limited evidence suggests that repeated or long-term occupational exposure may produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems.
Principal route of occupational exposure to the gas is by inhalation.

It is generally accepted that the fluorocarbons are less toxic than the corresponding halogenated aliphatic based on chlorine. Repeated inhalation exposure to
Chronic
the fluorocarbon FC-11 does not produce pathologic lesions of the liver and other visceral organs in experimental animals. There has been conjecture in
non-scientific publications that fluorocarbons may cause leukemia, cancer, sterility and birth defects; these have not been verified by current research. The high
incidence of cancer, spontaneous abortion and congenital anomalies amongst hospital personnel, repeatedly exposed to fluorine-containing general
anaesthetics, has caused some scientists to call for a lowering of the fluorocarbon exposure standard to 5 ppm since some are mutagens.

TOXICITY IRRITATION
trifluoromethane
Not Available Not Available

* Value obtained from manufacturer's msds

unless otherwise specified data extracted from RTECS - Register of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances

TRIFLUOROMETHANE No significant acute toxicological data identified in literature search.

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Repeated exposure of dogs to 5000 ppm and rats to 1000 ppm resulted in no toxic effects.

Acute Toxicity Carcinogenicity

Skin Irritation/Corrosion Reproductivity
Serious Eye
STOT - Single Exposure
Damage/Irritation
Respiratory or Skin
STOT - Repeated Exposure
sensitisation
Mutagenicity Aspiration Hazard

Legend: – Data required to make classification available

– Data available but does not fill the criteria for classification
– Data Not Available to make classification

CMR STATUS

CARCINOGEN trifluoromethane US Environmental Defense Scorecard Suspected Carcinogens P65-MC

SECTION 12 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Toxicity
For trifluoromethane:
Environmental Fate
TERRESTRIAL FATE: An estimated Koc value of 53 determined from a log Kow of 0.64 and a regression-derived equation, indicates that trifluoromethane is expected to have high mobility in soil.
Volatilization of trifluoromethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process given a Henry's Law constant of 9.52x10-2 atm-cu m/mole. The potential for volatilization of
trifluoromethane from dry soil surfaces may exist based on a vapor pressure of 3.53x10+4 mm Hg. Highly fluorinated compounds such as trifluoromethane are not expected to biodegrade rapidly.
AQUATIC FATE: An estimated Koc value of 53 determined from the log Kow indicates that trifluoromethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water. Trifluoromethane
is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces based on the Henry's Law constant . Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2.5 hours and 3.3 days, respectively.
An estimated BCF of 3.2, from a log Kow, suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 5.1 years and 190 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively
suggest that hydrolysis is not expected to be an important process
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere,and the vapour pressure, trifluoromethane is expected to exist solely
as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapour-phase trifluoromethane is degraded very slowly in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this
reaction in air is estimated to be 180 years. This relatively slow half-life in the lower atmosphere suggests that some trifluoromethane may gradually diffuse into the stratosphere The diffusion
half-life for transport from the troposphere to the stratosphere is on the order of 20 years.
In addition to carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), the greenhouse gases mentioned in the Kyoto Protocol include synthetic substances that share the common feature of
being highly persistent in the atmosphere and exhibiting very high specific radiative forcing (radiative forcing is the change in the balance between radiation coming into the atmosphere and
radiation out; a positive radiative forcing tends on average to warm the surface of the earth). These synthetic substances include hydrocarbons that are partially fluorinated (HCFs) or totally
fluorinated (PFCs) as well as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).
The greenhouse potential of these substances, expressed as multiples of that of CO2, are within the range of 140 to 11,700 for HFCs, from 6500 to 9,200 for PFCs and 23,900 for SF6. Once
emitted into the atmosphere, these substances have an impact on the environment for decades, centuries, or in certain instances, for thousands of years.
Many of these substances have only been commercialised for a few years, and still only contribute only a small percentage of those gases released to the atmosphere by humans (anthropogenic)
which increase the greenhouse effect. However, a rapid increase can be seen in their consumption and emission, and therefore in their contribution to the anthropogenic increase in the
greenhouse effect.
Since the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol, new fluorinated substances have appeared on the market, which are stable in air and have a high greenhouse potential; these include nitrogen trifluoride
(NF3) and fluoroethers.
DO NOT discharge into sewer or waterways.

Persistence and degradability

Ingredient Persistence: Water/Soil Persistence: Air
trifluoromethane high high

Bioaccumulative potential
Ingredient Bioaccumulation
trifluoromethane low (BCF = 3.162)

Mobility in soil
Ingredient Mobility
trifluoromethane low (KOC = 35.04)

SECTION 13 DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Waste treatment methods

Evaporate residue at an approved site.
Product / Packaging
Return empty containers to supplier. If containers are marked non-returnable establish means of disposal with manufacturer prior to purchase.
disposal
Ensure damaged or non-returnable cylinders are gas-free before disposal.

SECTION 14 TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Labels Required

Marine Pollutant NO
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Land transport (DOT)

UN number 1984
Packing group Not Applicable
UN proper shipping name TrifluoromethaneorRefrigerant gas R 23
Environmental hazard No relevant data

Transport hazard class(es) Class 2.2

Special precautions for user Special provisions Not Applicable

Air transport (ICAO-IATA / DGR)

UN number 1984
Packing group Not Applicable
UN proper shipping name Refrigerant gas R 23; Trifluoromethane (R23)
Environmental hazard No relevant data

ICAO/IATA Class 2.2

Transport hazard class(es) ICAO / IATA Subrisk Not Applicable
ERG Code 2A

Special provisions Not Applicable

Cargo Only Packing Instructions 200
Cargo Only Maximum Qty / Pack 150 kg
Special precautions for user Passenger and Cargo Packing Instructions 200
Passenger and Cargo Maximum Qty / Pack 75 kg
Passenger and Cargo Limited Quantity Packing Instructions Forbidden
Passenger and Cargo Limited Maximum Qty / Pack Forbidden

Sea transport (IMDG-Code / GGVSee)

UN number 1984
Packing group Not Applicable
UN proper shipping name TRIFLUOROMETHANE (REFRIGERANT GAS R 23)
Environmental hazard No relevant data

IMDG Class 2.2

Transport hazard class(es)
IMDG Subrisk Not Applicable

EMS Number F-C , S-V

Special precautions for user Special provisions Not Applicable
Limited Quantities 120 mL

SECTION 15 REGULATORY INFORMATION

Safety, health and environmental regulations / legislation specific for the substance or mixture
trifluoromethane(75-46-7) is
"US - Hawaii Air Contaminant Limits","US TSCA New Chemical Exposure Limits (NCEL)","US Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) - Chemical Substance
found on the following
Inventory"
regulatory lists

SECTION 16 OTHER INFORMATION

Other information
Classification of the preparation and its individual components has drawn on official and authoritative sources as well as independent review by the Chemwatch Classification committee using
available literature references.
A list of reference resources used to assist the committee may be found at:
www.chemwatch.net/references

The (M)SDS is a Hazard Communication tool and should be used to assist in the Risk Assessment. Many factors determine whether the reported Hazards are Risks in the workplace or other
settings. Risks may be determined by reference to Exposures Scenarios. Scale of use, frequency of use and current or available engineering controls must be considered.

end of SDS