TB and Copd!

This vital organ is one of thevital organ of human life.
Particular function in the
human respiratory system.Served as a place of exchange of oxygen required humansand remove
carbon dioxidewhich is a result of the rest ofthe breathing process that must be removed from the
body, so the body's need foroxygen remain unfulfilled. The air is very important for
humans, not menhirup oxygen for several minutes can cause death.That's an important part of the
lung. Organ located below the ribs are indeed has a heavyduty, not to mention
the increasingly polluted air we breathe as well as many germs floating around in the air. These
all can cause various lung diseases.
Symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or pain in the chest area may indicate thatthere

is something wrong with your lungs. With more quickly detect it, it will help keep the disease
is no longer and worse. The following information on a variety of lung problems and
their prevention and solution, may help to detect the health of your lungs.
1).Tuberculosis (TB)
* Cause: The disease tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The
disease can be transmitted through saliva splashes when the patient coughs.

* Symptoms: Coughing up phlegm for more than three weeks. Can also issue
a coughaccompanied by blood. Patients will have a fever, especially in the
afternoon or evening,sweating at night. Decreased appetite, resulting in a thin body.

* Prevention and solution: If there are friends, neighbors or family members whoexperience
these symptoms, you should be advised to consult a doctor to determine if the cough is TB
disease or not. Because sometimes a cough illness often considered trivial,
butthis disease can kill someone if not treated immediately and can be transmitted to others.

* Treatment: Treatment for tuberculosis when it is caught early are not
too expensive andeasy to cure because there are already drugs provided by the
government. When required, patients with TB may also be quarantined in a special place so as
not to transmit the disease.
This disease is actually a disease that has been conquered, but later returned to attack.One

is due to tuberculosis are not spending their medication. Drugs must be taken regularlyfor 6
to 9 months to cure this disease. Not spend the drug can cause the patient can
notrecover and lead a drug no longer able to fight germs because germs become resistant.
2).Asthma
* Cause: The cause of asthma is a temporary narrowing of the respiratory tract that

cancause sufferers to feel shortness of breath. Vessel constriction occurs in the
throat. Heredityplays an important role in this disease, if there are parents or
grandparents who suffer fromthis disease can be reduced to the children or grandchildren.
Allergic to something like dust, temperature

changes, humidity, excessive exercise oremotional stress can cause allergies, so the
membrane that lines the vessels to swell andexcessive mucus so
that vessels become narrow and people with breathing difficulties.Although an attack of
shortness of breath may go away, but heavy attack if left untreated cancause death because the
patient can not breathe.

* Symptoms: Shortness of
breath sounds with wheezing (wheezing) Prevention andsolution: Avoid things that can
cause allergies in people, causing asthma attacks. For example, by cleaning the dust on
a mattress, pillow or blanket. Avoid extreme temperaturesand humidity, piaran animals or foods
that may cause allergies.

* Treatment: In order to cope with an asthma attack is to
use reliever medication(bronchodilator) inhaled way. Another way is to do a therapy that
will teach you how to relaxand catch your breath in the event of an asthma
attack. When asthma is severe, it can use the drug daily until relief of asthma attacks can be
controlled. Thus, it is advisable for the sufferer to always carry a reliever medication wherever
he goes in order to be used in case ofattack.
3). Bronchitis
* Cause: bronchitis disease due to inflammation of the bronchi (the tubes that

carry air intothe lungs). The reason could be due to bacteria infection, bacteria or viruses. Other
causes are cigarette smoke, dust, or air pollutants.

* Symptoms: Cough with expectoration of yellow fever or if caused by a bacterial
infection.Meanwhile, when is chronic, productive cough and shortness of breath for
a few months to several years.

* Prevention and solution: Increase endurance is one of the precautions that can
bedone. Meanwhile, to prevent chronic bronchitis is to stop smoking also avoid secondhand
smoke to avoid exposure to secondhand smoke is very dangerous.

* Treatment: For treatment when it is caused by bacteria or germs can be overcome by
taking antibiotics as directed by your doctor. If caused by a virus, commonly used drugs
torelieve symptoms.
4).Pneumonia
* Cause: Pneumonia is an infection that occurs in lung tissue (parenchyma) caused by

bacteria, viruses or fungi. Generally caused by streptococcal bacteria (Streptococcus) and
thebacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

* Symptoms: Coughing up phlegm with a thick, yellow sputum, chest pain, and shortnessof
breath accompanied by high fever.

* Prevention and solution: Always maintain cleanliness and keep the immune systemstay
strong to prevent the bacteria can not penetrate the defenses of the body's health. Get used to
wash hands, eat a nutritious diet or exercise regularly.

* Treatment: If you have been suffering from pneumonia, usually cured by takingantibiotics.
5).Emphysema
* Causes: Emphysema is caused due to loss of elasticity in the alveoli. Alveoli themselves

are bubbles present in the lungs. In patients with emphysema, lung volume is greater than a
healthy person because the carbon dioxide should be expelled from the lungs trapped
inside.Cigarette smoke and the lack of the enzyme alpha-1-antitrypsin is the cause of loss
ofelasticity in the lung.

* Symptoms: Shortness of breath in a long time and can not
be cured with commonlyused drugs lozenges shortness of breath. And decreased appetite and
weight loss are alsocommon in patients with emphysema.

* Prevention and solutions: Avoiding smoking is the best way
to prevent this disease.Quitting smoking is also very important.
What is COPD?
COPD is a progressive disease, which means it gets worse over time. Like
people with asthma, people with COPD experience shortness of breath,
coughing, and wheezing. COPD, however, produces progressive changes in
the airways that make it more difficult for a person to breathe. Unlike with
asthma, these symptoms do not come and go.
In COPD, the tiny air sacs in the lungs become less elastic, making it difficult
for the lungs to take in oxygen. The air sacs may also become inflamed,
making breathing even more difficult.
People with COPD also typically produce more mucus in the airways and
breathing tubes. This mucus makes breathing even harder because it partially
clogs the airways.
Rather than a single disease, COPD is actually a group of disorders that make
breathing difficult. The primary forms of COPD are:
 Emphysema, which inflames the air sacs and causes them to lose their
shape. This results in larger air sacs, making it more difficult for the lungs to
exchange the gases necessary for breathing.
 Chronic bronchitis: Chronic bronchitis increases the quantity and

thickness of mucus in the airways. Like acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis
causes coughing, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing. Chronic
bronchitis gets worse over time and is persistent.
In many cases, people with COPD have both disorders.
Are asthma and COPD
disabilities?
According to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA), the
American Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 504 state that having a mental or
physical impairment that severely limits one or more life activities, including
breathing, can be considered a disability.
For people with asthma, this applies even if symptoms only show at certain
times, and if the person uses medication, such as an inhaler, to control the
problem.
To qualify for social security disability benefits with COPD, a person must
have:
 A forced expiratory volume one (FEV1) that is the minimum for your
height or less, from 1.05 to a person who is 5 feet tall to 1.65 to someone
who is 6 feet tall.
 Chronic impairment of gas exchange resulting from a documented

COPD.
Those who do not meet these requirements may be able to get other types of
help, such as as medical-vocational allowance for people on a low income.
Is it asthma or COPD?
A spirometry test, or pulmonary function test, can measure how well the lungs
work. Individuals blow into the device as hard and as long as they can,
providing information about how much air the lungs take in and expel. Many
doctors use spirometry tests to measure airway problems associated with
COPD and asthma.
Factors doctors look at when weighing a diagnosis with COPD or asthma
include:
 A history of smoking: Most people with COPD are or were smokers.
 Age: Asthma often appears in childhood. If breathing difficulties occur

after the age of 40, doctors are more likely to diagnose COPD.
 Symptoms: Coughing in the morning, heavy phlegm, and progressively

getting worse suggest COPD. Recurring attacks, particularly if accompanied
by allergies or eczema, suggest asthma.
 Family history: Asthma is more likely to run in families.
 Symptom triggers: People with COPD may have symptoms when they
are active or at rest, without a known trigger. Asthma attacks may be caused
by physical activity or something in the environment.
 Onset of symptoms: COPD tends to get worse over time, while asthma
attacks come on suddenly.
 Responsiveness to treatment: Asthma tends to respond better to quick

acting rescue inhalers than COPD does.
Though a medical history may help differentiate asthma from COPD, research
increasingly points to significant overlap between the two. A 2016 study
published in Chest found that 15 percent of people with COPD also have
symptoms of asthma. This condition is called asthma-COPD overlap
syndrome (ACOS).
Diagnosis with either condition doesn't rule out developing another breathing
disorder, so patients should report all symptoms to their doctor.
Is chronic asthma the same as COPD?
Chronic asthma and COPD can have similar symptoms, but they are
considered distinct conditions. COPD refers specifically to chronic bronchitis,
emphysema or both.
Other differences include the fact that asthma tends to start during childhood,
while COPD is more likely to appear among adults who smoke.
Other disorders with similar symptoms

A number of other disorders can cause breathing difficulties, so it's unwise to
self-diagnose with either COPD or asthma.
Other disorders associated with breathing difficulties include:
 Bronchitis
 Upper respiratory and sinus infections
 Cancer of the lungs or throat
 Pneumonia
 Infectious diseases, such as histoplasmosis and tuberculosis
 Cardiovascular disease
 Blood clot in the lungs
 Problems with heart valves or heart structure
 Collapsed lung
Who gets asthma and COPD?

Asthma is one of the most common chronic medical conditions, affecting 25
million people in the United States. Asthma typically appears in childhood, and
is more common among people with a family history of either asthma or
allergies. Other risk factors for asthma include:
Smoking and air pollution are risk factors for both asthma and COPD.
 Obesity
 Exposure to air pollution
 A history of viral respiratory infections
 Exposure to dust, chemical fumes, and mold
 Smoking
 Skin conditions, such as hives and eczema
Most people with COPD have a history of smoking. Thus COPD is more
common in older people, particularly those who smoked for many years.
Some other risk factors include:
 Exposure to air pollution
 Secondhand smoke
 Dust and chemical fume exposure
 A rare genetic variant called alpha-1 deficiency, where the alpha-1

protein that helps protect the lungs is produced in abnormally low amounts

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This vital organ is one of thevital organ of human life.

Symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, or pain in the chest area may indicate thatthere

This disease is actually a disease that has been conquered, but later returned to attack.One

* Cause: The cause of asthma is a temporary narrowing of the respiratory tract that

Allergic to something like dust, temperature

* Cause: bronchitis disease due to inflammation of the bronchi (the tubes that

* Cause: Pneumonia is an infection that occurs in lung tissue (parenchyma) caused by

* Causes: Emphysema is caused due to loss of elasticity in the alveoli. Alveoli themselves

 Chronic bronchitis: Chronic bronchitis increases the quantity and

 Chronic impairment of gas exchange resulting from a documented

 A history of smoking: Most people with COPD are or were smokers.

 Age: Asthma often appears in childhood. If breathing difficulties occur

 Symptoms: Coughing in the morning, heavy phlegm, and progressively

 Family history: Asthma is more likely to run in families.

 Responsiveness to treatment: Asthma tends to respond better to quick

Other disorders with similar symptoms

Other disorders associated with breathing difficulties include:

 Upper respiratory and sinus infections

 Cancer of the lungs or throat

 Infectious diseases, such as histoplasmosis and tuberculosis

 Blood clot in the lungs

 Problems with heart valves or heart structure

Who gets asthma and COPD?

 Exposure to air pollution

 A history of viral respiratory infections

 Exposure to dust, chemical fumes, and mold

 Exposure to air pollution

 Dust and chemical fume exposure

 A rare genetic variant called alpha-1 deficiency, where the alpha-1

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