Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 30 views

    Dalton's Atomic Theory

    Uploaded by

    Nath Bongalon
    John Dalton proposed his atomic theory in the early 19th century which stated that all matter is made of indivisible atoms and that atoms of the same element are identical. Compounds are formed by combinations of different types of atoms and chemical reactions involve rearrangements of atoms. While modern atomic theory is more complex, Dalton's core ideas about atoms remain valid. Nuclear reactions can alter atomic nuclei through fusion or fission and are the basis of nuclear energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Dalton's Atomic Theory

    Uploaded by

    Nath Bongalon
    30 views2 pages
    John Dalton proposed his atomic theory in the early 19th century which stated that all matter is made of indivisible atoms and that atoms of the same element are identical. Compounds are formed by combinations of different types of atoms and chemical reactions involve rearrangements of atoms. While modern atomic theory is more complex, Dalton's core ideas about atoms remain valid. Nuclear reactions can alter atomic nuclei through fusion or fission and are the basis of nuclear energy.

    Original Title

    Dalton

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    John Dalton proposed his atomic theory in the early 19th century which stated that all matter is made of indivisible atoms and that atoms of the same element are identical. Compounds are formed by combinations of different types of atoms and chemical reactions involve rearrangements of atoms. While modern atomic theory is more complex, Dalton's core ideas about atoms remain valid. Nuclear reactions can alter atomic nuclei through fusion or fission and are the basis of nuclear energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    30 views2 pages

    Dalton's Atomic Theory

    Uploaded by

    Nath Bongalon
    John Dalton proposed his atomic theory in the early 19th century which stated that all matter is made of indivisible atoms and that atoms of the same element are identical. Compounds are formed by combinations of different types of atoms and chemical reactions involve rearrangements of atoms. While modern atomic theory is more complex, Dalton's core ideas about atoms remain valid. Nuclear reactions can alter atomic nuclei through fusion or fission and are the basis of nuclear energy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Dalton's Atomic Theory

    1) All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.


    2) All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties
    3) Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds
    of atoms.
    4) A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
    Modern atomic theory is, of course, a little more involved than Dalton's
    theory but the essence of Dalton's theory remains valid. Today we know
    that atoms can be destroyed via nuclear reactions but not by chemical
    reactions. Also, there are different kinds of atoms (differing by their
    masses) within an element that are known as "isotopes", but isotopes of an
    element have the same chemical properties.
    Many heretofore unexplained chemical phenomena were quickly explained
    by Dalton with his theory. Dalton's theory quickly became the theoretical
    foundation in chemistry.
    Nuclear Reaction
    In nuclear physics and nuclear chemistry, a nuclear reaction is semantically
    considered to be the process in which two nuclei, or else a nucleus of an
    atom and a subatomic particle (such as a proton, neutron, or high energy
    electron) from outside the atom, collide to produce one or more nuclides
    that are different from the nuclide(s) that began the process. Thus, a
    nuclear reaction must cause a transformation of at least one nuclide to
    another. If a nucleus interacts with another nucleus or particle and they
    then separate without changing the nature of any nuclide, the process is
    simply referred to as a type of nuclear scattering, rather than a nuclear
    reaction.

    In principle, a reaction can involve more than two particles colliding, but
    because the probability of three or more nuclei to meet at the same time at
    the same place is much less than for two nuclei, such an event is
    exceptionally rare (see triple alpha process for an example very close to a
    three-body nuclear reaction). "Nuclear reaction" is a term implying an
    induced change in a nuclide, and thus it does not apply to any type of
    radioactive decay (which by definition is a spontaneous process).

    Natural nuclear reactions occur in the interaction between cosmic rays and
    matter, and nuclear reactions can be employed artificially to obtain nuclear
    energy, at an adjustable rate, on demand. Perhaps the most notable
    nuclear reactions are the nuclear chain reactions in fissionable materials
    that produce induced nuclear fission, and the various nuclear fusion
    reactions of light elements that power the energy production of the Sun and
    stars. Both of these types of reactions are employed in nuclear weapons.
    Fission and Fusion
    There are two main types of nuclear reactions: fusion and fission.
    In fusion reactions, two light nuclei are combined to form a heavier, more
    stable nucleus. In fissionreactions, a heavy nucleus is split into two nuclei
    with smaller mass numbers. Both processes involve the exchange of huge
    amounts of energy: about a million times more energy than that associated
    with ordinary chemical reactions. In either case, if the new particles contain
    more stable nuclei, vast quantities of energy are released.
    Nuclear power plants rely on fission to create vast quantities of energy. For
    example, U-235 nuclides can be bombarded with neutrons, and the result
    is lots of energy, three neutrons, and two stable nuclei (Kr-92 and Ba-141).
    The three neutrons formed can collide with other U-235 atoms, setting off a
    chain reaction and releasing tons of energy. 
    Example
    Is the following process an example of fission or fusion?

    Explanation
    This is an example of fission. Fission occurs when a large nucleus is
    bombarded by a small particle, such as a neutron. The result is two smaller
    nuclei and additional neutrons, and a chain reaction process begins.

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy