Location : Navlakhi 1

Project :

BORE PILES IN C−φ SOIL

0 INPUT
Depth Soil Soil
Below Properties Density
GL or
Chart
Datum
Cu φ γ
m kg/cm2 Degree kg/cm3
0 0 0 0
-0.5 0.00 0 0
-1 0.29 13 1.6
-3.5 0.29 13 1.6
-4 0.07 15 1.6
-7 0.07 20 1.6
-7.5 0.07 20 1.6
-9.5 0.07 20 1.6
-10 0.04 15 1.6
-11.5 0.04 15 1.6
-12 0.52 15 1.6
-14 0.52 15 1.6
-16 0.52 15 1.6
-18 0.52 15 1.6
-20 0.52 15 1.6
-22 0.52 20 1.6

Coefficient of Earth Pressure K δ 1

Adhesion Factor l
-14 Design Load tonne 100
Pile Dia. In CM cm 100
Factor of safety for Skin Friction 2
Factor of safety for end bearing 2
Factor of safety overall 2.5

SAFE AT
-14

VK BHAVADASAN

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 2

Depth vs Load

400

350
Ultimate Skin Friction
Ultimate End Bearing
Total safe Load
Design Load
300

250
Load

200

150

100

50

0
0 -0.5 -1 -3.5 -4 -7 -7.5 -9.5 -10 -11.5 -12 -14 -16 -18 -20 -22

Depth

SAFE AT
-14

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 Soil Bearing Capacity at various Levels

Deph Ultimate Ultimate Total

Of Skin End safe Design
Pile Friction Bearing Load Load
0 0 0 0 100
-0.5 0 0 0 100
-1 8.045 17.310 10.142 100
-3.5 48.271 38.516 34.715 100
-4 53.611 41.840 38.180 100
-7 94.700 51.028 58.291 100
-7.5 101.548 51.028 61.031 100
-9.5 128.941 31.479 64.168 100
-10 133.700 28.863 65.025 100
-11.5 147.976 28.863 70.736 100
-12 157.494 63.146 88.256 100
-14 195.567 63.146 103.485 100
-16 233.640 63.146 118.714 100
-18 271.713 63.146 133.943 100
-20 309.786 82.695 156.992 100
-22 353.892 36.757 156.259 100

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 Piles in Soil Intermediate Between Sand and Clay 3
1] When Piles are installed in SANDY CLAY, which are predominantly Cohesive in character the Skin friction
and end bearing resistance should be calculated assuming Φ=0
2] When Pile is installed in CLAYEY SAND where the Cohesion is relatively small, the carrying capacity shall
be calculated assuming C = 0
3] In SANDY CLAY or SANDY SILTS and SILTY or CLAYEY SANDS, which possess appreciable cohesion
and frictional components, can be termed as C - Φ soil, and the ultimate capacity can be estimated using
equation below.

Q =A qup
Granular Soil
p ult + ∑ C a+ K δ σ υ (tan φ a )d A s
ULTIMATE POINT RESISTANCE (General Approach)
The ultimate point resistance does not necessarly increase with depth, and vertical effective stress is not
equal to the effective overburdon pressure but reaches a limiting value Zc. The ratio Zc/D , falling in the
range of 5 to 20 is given in Fig. 03
There is a wide variation in the values recomented for Nq as showen in Fig. 05. Nq value established by
Berezantsev (1961) confirm to practical criteria of Pile faliure. For values of Nq, the graph provided in IS
2911 is adopted which is based on Berezantsev's curve up to 35 degree and Vesic's curve beyond 35
degree, as shown in Fig. 04.
ULTIMATE SKIN FRICTION
The value of skin friction coefficient is influenced by many factors; including angle of internal friction, method
of instalation, pile material, shape etc. For bore pile in which bore holes are stablised by bentonite this value
may be estimated assuming Kδ = 1
Cohesive Soil
ULTIMATE POINT RESISTANCE (General Approach)
The value of Nc used in the design is as that proposed by Skempton (1961). For circular area, the value
increases from 6.14 to a limiting value of 9 for depths greater than 4 times diameter.The values are shown in
table No. 01
PILE - SOIL ADHESION
The pile - soil adhesion depends on various factors. For simplicity, Ca has been related to undrained
cohesion Cu of soil. The ratio Ca / Cu is termed as adhesion factor. The adhesion factor is taken as shown
in Figure No. 01.The Australian Code AS 2159 provides higher values of adhesion factor, while Dr.NV Nayak
propose adhesion factor as 1 for bored cast in situ RCC piles in all clay of any consistency.

Two values for adhesion factor are drawn in the graph. The lower value is as given in Ref. Book by Dr. NV
Nayak, (p.No.166). The Higher values as per Australian Code. By entering "L" or "H" appropriate value for
adhesion factor can be selected.

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 4
Fig. 01

ADHESION FACTOR

1.20

1.00

0.80
Adhesion Factor

0.60

0.40

0.20

0.00
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Cohesion kg/cm2
Adhesion Factor
Adhesion Factor as per Australian Code

Fig. 02

Nc
10
9
8
7
Table 01 6
Cohesive Soils Nc
5
End-bearing 4
L/d Nc 3
0 6.14 2
1 7.6
1
2 8.3
0
3 8.8
1 2 3 4 5
4 9
Fig. 03

Critical Depth
25

20

15
z/D

10

0
25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45
Angle

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 Fig. 04 5

BEARING CAPACITY FACTOR - Nq

1000.00

100.00
Nq

10.00

1.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5

Angle of internal friction

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 6
Fig. 05

bhavadasanv@yahoo.com

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 5

0
25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45
Angle

VK Bhavadasan 12th January 2004 12/08/2021

 1 l l L
Base diame 100 mm
Shape r
Depth l Skin
Pile Adhesion Depth Friction Skin
Dia Factor Depth Cu Incriment α C As Kd tan phi Friction
100 0 0
100 1 -0.5 0 0.5 0.000 1 0.0000 0.000
100 0.97 -1 0.29 0.5 4.419 1 0.2309 3.626
100 0.97 -3.5 0.29 2.5 22.093 1 0.2309 18.132
100 1 -4 0.072 0.5 1.131 1 0.2679 4.209
100 1 -7 0.072 3 6.786 1 0.3640 34.303
100 1 -7.5 0.072 0.5 1.131 1 0.3640 5.717
100 1 -9.5 0.072 2 4.524 1 0.3640 22.869
100 1 -10 0.035 0.5 0.550 1 0.2679 4.209
100 1 -11.5 0.035 1.5 1.649 1 0.2679 12.627
100 0.65 -12 0.52 0.5 5.309 1 0.2679 4.209
100 0.65 -14 0.52 2 21.237 1 0.2679 16.836
100 0.65 -16 0.52 2 21.237 1 0.2679 16.836
100 0.65 -18 0.52 2 21.237 1 0.2679 16.836
100 0.65 -20 0.52 2 21.237 1 0.2679 16.836
100 0.65 -22 0.52 2 21.237 1 0.3640 22.869

Shaft Adhesion
su a cu Adhesion
Adhesion
Factor
F as per Australian Code
0 0.00 0.00
0 1 0 1 1 1 5 1.09
10 1 0.1 1.00 1.00 2 5 1.20
10
20 1 0.2 0.97 1.00 3 5 1.31 9
30 1 0.3 0.86 1.00 4 5 1.43 8
40 1 0.4 0.74 1.00 5 5 1.57 7
6
50 0.912 0.5 0.65 0.898 6 5 1.72 5
60 0.783 0.6 0.57 0.783 7 5 1.89 4
70 0.702 0.7 0.49 0.702 8 5 2.09 3
80 0.621 0.8 0.42 0.621 9 5 2.31 2
90 0.564 0.9 0.37 0.564 10 5 2.53 1
100 0.516 1.0 0.33 0.516 11 5 2.82 0
110 0.477 1.1 0.31 0.477 12 5 3.11 1 2

120 0.443 1.2 0.30 0.443 13 5 3.44

400.00
130 0.413 1.3 0.30 0.413 14 5 3.83
140 0.388 1.4 0.30 0.388 15 5 4.20
150 0.37 1.5 0.30 0.37 16 5 4.69
160 0.354 1.6 0.3 0.354 17 5 5.26 350.00
170 0.339 1.7 0.30 0.339 18 5 5.87
180 0.33 1.8 0.30 0.33 19 5 6.58
190 0.321 1.9 0.30 0.321 20 5 7.31
200 0.319 2.0 0.30 0.319 21 5 8.22 300.00
Australian code recomends 22 5 9.31
Better Adhesoin Factor 23 5 10.57
24 5 11.91
250.00
25 5 13.48
26 5 15.42
27 5 17.66
28 5 20.23 200.00

VK Bhavadasan 150.00
12/08/2021
 250.00

200.00
29 5.1 23.33
30 5.23 26.79
31 5.41 31.05
150.00
32 5.62 35.73
33 5.83 41.21
34 6.2 47.86
35 6.5 55.46 100.00
36 7 64.57
37 8 75.16
38 9.5 87.90
39 12 101.62 50.00
40 15 120.78
41 18 145.88
42 20 181.97
0.00
43 20 228.56
123456789111
44 20 295.00 012
45 20 380.20

VK Bhavadasan 12/08/2021
 Total Cumilative Critical
Ultimate Safe L/D Nc CNc Depth Depth Depth h
Skin Skin Z/D
Friction Friction
0 0
0.00 0 0.5 6.14 0.00 -0.5 0.5 0.0001 0.0001
8.05 4.02256 1 7.6 17.31 -1 1 5 1
48.27 24.13536 3.5 8.8 20.04 -3.5 3.5 5 3.5
53.61 26.80531 4 9 5.09 -4 4 5 4
94.70 47.34993 7 9 5.09 -7 7 5 5
101.55 50.77403 7.5 9 5.09 -7.5 7.5 5 5
128.94 64.47044 9.5 9 5.09 -9.5 9.5 5 5
133.70 66.84979 10 9 2.47 -10 10 5 5
147.98 73.98787 11.5 9 2.47 -11.5 11.5 5 5
157.49 78.74698 12 9 36.76 -12 12 5 5
195.57 97.78344 14 9 36.76 -14 14 5 5
233.64 116.8199 16 9 36.76 -16 16 5 5
271.71 135.8563 18 9 36.76 -18 18 5 5
309.79 154.8928 20 9 36.76 -20 20 5 5
353.89 176.9458 22 9 36.76 -22 22 5 5

No of pile
Cohesive Soils Depth Depth Allowable Load
Design Load
Nc
End-bearing -22 22 156 100 1
10
qe=9Cu if L/d>4 -20 20 157 100 1
9
8 qe=NcCu if L/d<=4 -18 18 134 100 1
7 Table 01 16 119 100 1
-16
6
L/d Nc -14 14 103 100 1
5
4 0 6.14 -12 12 88 100 2
3 1 7.6 -11.5 11.5 71 100 2
2 2 8.3 -10 10 65 100 2
1 3 8.8 -9.5 9.5 64 100 2
0 4 9 -7.5 7.5 61 100 2
1 2 3 4 5 7 58 100 2
-7
-4 4 38 100 3
400.00
-3.5 3.5 35 100 3
-1 1 10 100 10
-0.5 0.5 0 100 _
350.00 0 0 0 100 _
-14 1
1
SAFE AT
300.00

250.00

200.00

150.00
VK Bhavadasan 12/08/2021
250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00
1234567891111111111222222222233333333334444444
0123456789012345678901234567890123456

VK Bhavadasan 12/08/2021
 Ultimate
Density Nq QNq End
Bearing Deph Ultimate Ultimate Total
Of Skin End safe
Pile Friction Bearing Load
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0.001 0.00 0.00 -0.5 0.000 0.000 0
1.6 3.436 0.00 17.31 -1 8.045 17.310 10.14212
1.6 3.436 18.47 38.52 -3.5 48.271 38.516 34.71466
1.6 4.200 36.75 41.84 -4 53.611 41.840 38.18043
1.6 7.311 45.94 51.03 -7 94.700 51.028 58.29122
1.6 7.311 45.94 51.03 -7.5 101.548 51.028 61.0305
1.6 7.311 26.39 31.48 -9.5 128.941 31.479 64.16785
1.6 4.200 26.39 28.86 -10 133.700 28.863 65.02519
1.6 4.200 26.39 28.86 -11.5 147.976 28.863 70.73565
1.6 4.200 26.39 63.15 -12 157.494 63.146 88.25599
1.6 4.200 26.39 63.15 -14 195.567 63.146 103.4852
1.6 4.200 26.39 63.15 -16 233.640 63.146 118.7143
1.6 4.200 26.39 63.15 -18 271.713 63.146 133.9435
1.6 4.200 45.94 82.70 -20 309.786 82.695 156.9924
1.6 7.311 0.00 36.76 -22 353.892 36.757 156.2593

-12

VK Bhavadasan 12/08/2021
 Safe Total
Design End Pile
Load Bearing Capacity
100 0 0
100 0 0 0
100 10.14212 8.655088 12.67765
100 34.71466 19.25796 43.39332
100 38.18043 20.92022 47.72553
100 58.29122 25.5141 72.86403
100 61.0305 25.5141 76.28813
100 64.16785 15.73938 80.20982
100 65.02519 14.43169 81.28149
100 70.73565 14.43169 88.41956
100 88.25599 31.57301 110.32
100 103.4852 31.57301 129.3564
100 118.7143 31.57301 148.3929
100 133.9435 31.57301 167.4294
100 156.9924 41.34773 196.2405
100 156.2593 18.37832 195.3242

VK Bhavadasan 12/08/2021