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    The document discusses different methods for treating and preventing diseases, including immunization, chemoprophylaxis, and antibiotics. Immunization works by exposing the body to an immunogen in a controlled way to help the immune system learn to protect against diseases. Chemoprophylaxis refers to administering medication to prevent disease or infection, such as using antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms that can inhibit and destroy bacteria and are useful for treating bacterial infections.

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    Research English

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    The document discusses different methods for treating and preventing diseases, including immunization, chemoprophylaxis, and antibiotics. Immunization works by exposing the body to an immunogen in a controlled way to help the immune system learn to protect against diseases. Chemoprophylaxis refers to administering medication to prevent disease or infection, such as using antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms that can inhibit and destroy bacteria and are useful for treating bacterial infections.

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    The document discusses different methods for treating and preventing diseases, including immunization, chemoprophylaxis, and antibiotics. Immunization works by exposing the body to an immunogen in a controlled way to help the immune system learn to protect against diseases. Chemoprophylaxis refers to administering medication to prevent disease or infection, such as using antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms that can inhibit and destroy bacteria and are useful for treating bacterial infections.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    22 views2 pages

    Research English

    Uploaded by

    pianoNdark
    The document discusses different methods for treating and preventing diseases, including immunization, chemoprophylaxis, and antibiotics. Immunization works by exposing the body to an immunogen in a controlled way to help the immune system learn to protect against diseases. Chemoprophylaxis refers to administering medication to prevent disease or infection, such as using antibiotics to prevent bacterial infections. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by microorganisms that can inhibit and destroy bacteria and are useful for treating bacterial infections.

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    Body

    Treat and Prevent Diseases

    Immunization

    Immunization, or immunisation, is the process by which an individual's immune

    system becomes fortified against an agent (known as the immunogen).

    When this system is exposed to molecules that are foreign to the body (non-self),

    it will orchestrate an immune response, but it can also develop the ability to quickly

    respond to a subsequent encounter (through immunological memory). This is a function

    of the adaptive immune system. Therefore, by exposing an animal to an immunogen in

    a controlled way, its body can learn to protect itself: this is called active immunization.

    Immunization can be done through various techniques, most commonly

    vaccination. Vaccines against microorganisms that cause diseases can prepare the

    body's immune system, thus helping to fight or prevent an infection. The fact that

    mutations can cause cancer cells to produce proteins or other molecules that are

    unknown to the body forms the theoretical basis for therapeutic cancer vaccines. Other

    molecules can be used for immunization as well, for example in experimental vaccines

    against nicotine (NicVAX) or the hormone ghrelin (in experiments to create an obesity

    vaccine).

    Chemoprophylaxis

    Chemoprophylaxis refers to the administration of a medication for the purpose

    of preventing disease or infection. Antibiotics, for example, may be administered to

    patients with disorders of immune system function to prevent bacterial infections

    (particularly opportunistic infection).


    In some cases, chemoprophylaxis is initiated to prevent the spread of an existing

    infection in an individual to a new organ system, as when intrathecal chemotherapy is

    administered in patients with malignancy to prevent further infection. Using

    chemoprophylaxis as a treatment against early signs of tuberculosis has proven to be

    effective.

    In familial adenomatous polyposis physicians observed polyps regression with

    NSAIDs for anti-inflammatory therapy. Chemoprophylaxis is also used to treat several

    different varieties of meningococcal infections for close contact exposure to Neisseria

    meningititis.

    Antibiotics

    Chemoprophylaxis is a way to diagnose using chemical such as drugs, one of

    the example are antibiotics – Antibiotics are chemical substances, produced by

    microorganism, which have the capacity, in dilute solutions, to inhibit the growth of and

    even to destroy bacteria and other microorganism.

    Antibiotics have had a major impact on our lives. These drugs, most of which

    have been developed only since the mid-1940’s have had such dramatic effects that

    they have often been called wonder drugs. Because of antibiotics, diseases that once

    meant almost certain death can now be controlled.

    Antibiotics are useful for treating infections caused by bacteria and they were

    often called “wonder drugs” because they can cure many bacterial diseases that were

    once fatal. Some antibiotics are effective against infections caused by fungi and

    protozoa and a few are useful in treating cancer.

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