FAR EASTERN UNIVERSITY

Institute of Nursing

Instructional Script with Actual Findings

of Assessing Musculoskeletal

Name : Samielle Alexis Garcia

Sec/Grp: Section 7- Group 2 Date: May 16 2020

Assessment Instructional Script Tagalog/Taglish Findings

Procedures Translation
PREPARATION
Hi, Good Day! I am Hi! Magandang araw
Samielle Alexis, your po, ako si Samielle
student nurse from Far Alexis, student nurse
Eastern University. I am ng Far Eastern
here to perform an University. Nandito po
assessment of your ako para magsagawa
musculosketal. Before ng assessment ng
we start, may I know inyong musculosketal.
your full name? What Bago po tayo
would you like to magumpisa, maaari ko
address you? Are you po bang malaman ang
1. Introduce yourself already comfortable inyong buong
and verify the client’s with this kind of setting pangalan? Ano po ang
identity. Explain to and the temperature of gusto niyong itawag ko
the client what you the room? Before sainyo? Komportable
are going to do, why proceeding with the na po ba kayo dito at
it is necessary, and assessment, I am here sa temperatura ng
how the client can to conduct an kwarto? Bago ko po
cooperate. assessment to examine umpisahan ang
your physical being. I pagsusuri, gusto ko
hope that you will lang po na ipaalam
cooperate with me. sainyo na gagawin ko
Also, I reassure you that ito upang masuri ang
all of the data gathered inyong katawan.
will be treated Inaasahan kong kayo’y
confidentially. makipagtulungan.
Sinisigurado po namin
na lahat ng mga datos
na mailalahad ay
confidential.
1. Perform hand Before we start, I will Bago tayo magsimula,
hygiene and observe be performing proper magsasagawa ako ng
other appropriate hand hygiene, and wastong paglinis ng
infection control already observed other kamay, at
procedures. appropriate infection naobserbahan ko na
 control procedures. ang iba pang
naaangkop na mga
pamamaraan.
I will now assemble Aayusin ko na ang
the equipment that mga kagamitan na
2. Assemble equipment
will be needed in kakailanganin sa
assessment. assessment.
And now, I will close Ngayon, isasara ko
the door for client and pintuan para sa
3. Provide for client privacy. Is it okay if I privacy ng aking
privacy. will close the door? kliyente. Okay lang po
ba kung isasara ko
ang pintuan?
"Ma'am, I will now "Ma'am, i-aassess ko
assess your muscles, na po ang inyong
MUSCLES, BONES, & bones, and joints." kalamnan, mga
JOINTS buto, at
kasukasuan"

4. Inspect the muscles For any apparent Para sa anumang The client has equal
for size. Compare discrepancies, nakita na mga size on both sides of
each muscle on one measure the muscles pagkakaiba-iba, her body.
side of the body to with a tape. sukatin ang mga
the same muscle on
kalamnan gamit ang
the other side.
"Ma'am, can you isang tape.
remain sitted while
I'm inspecting your "Ma'am, pwede po
muscles." ba kayong nakaupo
habang sinusuri ko
ang inyong mga
kalamnan."
5. Inspect the muscles "Ma'am, now I will "Ma'am, ngayon po The client has no
and tendons for assess for any ay susuriin ko po ang contractures.
contractures. contractures in your anumang mga
muscles and contractures sa
tendons." inyong mga muscles
at tendon."
6. Inspect the muscles Inspect any tremors Suriin ang anumang There is no tremors
for tremors. of the hands and arms mga panginginig ng observed on the
by having the client mga kamay at braso client.
hold arms out in front ng kliente sa
of the body. pamamagitan ng
pag-angat ng mga
"Ma'am, can you kamay sa harap ng
raise both of your katawan.
 hands in front of your
body?" "Ma'am, maaari
niyo po bang iangat
ang inyong mga
kamay sa harap ng
iyong katawan?"
7. Palpate muscles at To test muscle tone, Upang i-test ang The client's muscles
rest to determine have the client fully muscle tone, ang are firm with no extra
muscle tonicity. relaxed. While the kliyente ay dapat movement at rest.
client is seated, relaxed. Habang
passively move each nakaupo ang
upper extremity at kliyente, dahan
several joints to get a dahang igalaw ang
feeling for any mga braso at kamay
resistance or rigidity kasama ang
that may be present. kasukasuan upang
pakiramdaman ang
"Ma'am, just relaxed anumang resistance
and sit upright while I o rigidity na
palpate your maaaring naroroon.
muscles."
"Ma'am, relax lang
po kayo at umupo
ng tuwid habang
pinapalpate ko ang
iyong mga muscles."
8. Palpate muscles Ask the client to be Sabihin sa kliyente The client has well-
while the client is still while you palpate na manatiling coordinated
active and passive the passive nakaupo habang movements of the
for flaccidity, movement of muscles pinapalpate ang muscles both in
spasticity, and
of dahan-dahang passive and active
smoothness of
Sternocleidomastoid, paggalaw ng mga movements.
movement.
Trapezius, Deltoid, kalamnan ng
Biceps, Triceps, Wrist Sternocleidomastoid,
& Hand Muscles, Hip Trapezius, Deltoid,
Muscles, Hamstrings, Biceps, Triceps, Wrist
Quadriceps, and & Hand Muscles, Hip
muscles of the ankle Muscles, Hamstrings,
and feet. Quadriceps, at
muscles ng ankle at
"Ma'am, I will now paa.
palpate your muscles
if there's any "Ma'am, ngayon ay
weakness or sudden aking ipapalpate
involuntary ang iyong mga
contractions in your kalamnan kung
muscles. I will first mayroong anumang
palpate your muscles kahinaan o biglaang
while you're hindi sinasadyang
positioned still." paggalaw ng iyong
kalamnan. Ngayon
Instruct the client to ay ipapalpate ko ang
move her muscles iyong mga kalamnan
while you palpate the habang ikaw ay
active movement of hindi gumagalaw sa
muscles of iyong posisyon."
Sternocleidomastoid,
Trapezius, Deltoid, Sabihan ang kliyente
Biceps, Triceps, Wrist na igalaw ang
& Hand Muscles, Hip kanyang mga
Muscles, Hamstrings, kalamnan habang
Quadriceps, and pinapalpate ang
muscles of the ankle aktibong paggalaw
and feet. ng mga kalamnan ng
Sternocleidomastoid,
Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius, Deltoid,
"Ma'am, can you Biceps, Triceps, Wrist
passively turn your & Hand Musencies,
head to your left and Hip Musencies,
to your right gently?" Hamstrings,
Quadriceps, at
Trapezius kalamnan ng ankle at
"Next Ma'am, for paa.
your shoulders, can
you kindly lift them?" Sternocleidomastoid
"Ma'am, maaari
Deltoid niyo po bang dahan-
“For your deltoid dahang iikot ang
muscle, can you raise iyong ulo sa inyong
your hands?” kaliwa at sa inyong
kanan?"
Biceps & Triceps
"For your biceps and Trapezius
triceps, can you flex "Susunod Ma'am,
and extend your para sa iyong mga
arms?" balikat, maaari niyo
bang i-angat ang
Wrist and Finger mga ito?"
Muscles
"For your wrist and Deltoid
finger muscles, kindly "Para sa iyong
open and close your deltoid na
hands?" kalamnan, maaari
niyo bang itaas ang
Hip Muscles iyong mga kamay?"
(Put the client in a
supine position while Biceps at Triceps
both legs are "Para sa iyong
extended) biceps at triceps,
"Next Ma'am for your maaari niyo bang i-
hip mucles, can you bend at i-extend ang
please raise your iyong mga braso?"
feet?"
Wrist and Finger
Hamstrings & Muscles
Quadriceps "Para sa wrist and
"Next Ma'am, can finger muscles,
you try to bend and maaari niyo po bang
extend your knee?" buksan at isara ang
iyong mga kamay?"
Muscles of the Ankle
and Feet Hip Muscles
"Lastly for your (Ilagay ang kliyente
muscles of ankle and sa isang supine na
feet, can you move posisyon habang
your foot up and parehong nakatuwid
down?" mga binti)
"Susunod Ma'am
para po sa iyong hip
muscle, maaari niyo
po bang itaas ang
iyong mga paa?"

Hamstrings at
Quadriceps
"Susunod Ma'am,
maaari niyo bang
subukang ibaluktot
at ituwid ang iyong
tuhod?"

Muscles of the
 Ankle and Feet
"Panghuli para sa
iyong ankle and feet
muscle, maaari niyo
bang igalaw ang
iyong paa nang
pataas at nang
pababa?"
9. Test muscle strength Compare the right Ikumpara ang For the
of the head & side with the left side. kanang bahagi sa sternocleidomastoid,
shoulders kaliwang bahagi. the client has a Grade
"Ma'am, now I will 5 for the muscle
assess your muscle "Ma'am, susuriin ko strength it has a
strength of your head ngayon ang lakas ng 100% normal muscle
and shoulders. Go kalamnan ng inyong strength, normal full
against my hand ulo at balikat. movement against
where my hand exerts Labanan niyo kung gravity and against
force, but don’t force saan ko nilalagyan full resistance.
it too much" ng lakas, ngunit
huwag masyadong For the Trapezius, the
(Go to the client's ipilit" client has a Grade 5
back when doing the for the muscle
muscle strength test (Pumunta sa likod ng strength it has a
for shoulders) kliyente habang 100% normal muscle
ginagawa ang strength, normal full
Sternocleidomastoid muscle strength test movement against
The client turns the sa kanyang balikat.) gravity and against
head to one side minimal resistance.
against the resistance Sternocleidomastoid
of your hand. Repeat Ang kliyente ay
with the other side. igagalaw ang ulo
mula sa isang side
"Ma'am, when I exert laban sa resistance
force on your head ng iyong kamay.
fight against it." Ulitin uli sa kabilang
side.
Trapezius
Client shrugs the "Ma'am,
shoulders against the sumalungat sa
resistance of your puwersa kung saan
hands. ipinagpapatuloy ko
ang inyong ulo."
"Ma'am, try to shrug
your left shoulder and Trapezius
 your right shoulders Ipagkipit-balikat ang
while I push it down." kliyente laban sa
resistance ng iyong
kamay.

"Ma'am, subukan
niyong i-shrug sa
inyong kaliwa at
kanang balikat
habang tinutulak ko
ito pababa."

10. Test muscle strength Deltoid Deltoid For the Deltoid, the
of upper extremities Ask the client to hold Ipataas sa kliyente client has a Grade 5
her arm up and resists ang braso at for the muscle
while you try to push subukan mong itulak strength it has a
it down. ito pababa. 100% normal muscle
strength, normal full
"Ma'am, can you hold "Ma'am, maaari movement against
your arms up while I niyo bang itaas ang gravity and against
try to push it down?" iyong mga braso full resistance.
habang itinutulak ko
Biceps pababa?" For the biceps and
Ask the client to fully triceps, the client has
extend each arm and Biceps a Grade 5 for the
tries to flex it while Ipaextend sa kliyente muscle strength it has
you attempt to hold ang mga braso at a 100% normal
arm in extension. subukang ibaluktot muscle strength,
ito habang normal full
"Ma'am, can you flex sinusubukan mong movement against
your both arms and iextend ang mga ito. gravity and against
go against the force full resistance.
while I try to extend "Ma'am, maaari ba
it?" na iflex niyo ang For the wrist and
iyong mga braso at finger muscles, the
Triceps labanan ang pwersa client has a Grade 5
Ask the client to flex habang sinusubukan for the muscle
each arm and then kong iextend ang strength it has a
tries to extend it mga ito?" 100% normal muscle
against your attempt strength, normal full
to keep in flexion. Triceps movement against
Ang kliyente ay ife- gravity and against
"Ma'am, can you go flex ang kanyang full resistance.
against the force mga braso at
from me by extending susubukan itong i- For the grip strength,
your arms while I flex extend ito laban sa the client has a Grade
your arms?" pagflex ko sa 5 for the muscle
kanyang braso. strength it has a
Wrist and Finger 100% normal muscle
Muscles "Ma'am, maaari strength, normal full
Ask the client to niyo bang labanan movement against
spreads her fingers ang pwersa galing gravity and against
and resists as you sa akin sa paraan ng full resistance.
attempt to push the pag-extend niyo ng
fingers together. inyong braso habang
sinusubukan kong
"Ma'am, can you try iflex ang iyong mga
to open your hands braso?"
while I try to push
your fingers Wrist and Finger
together?" Muscles
Sabihin sa kliyente
Grip Strength na ibukas ang
Ask the client to kanyang mga daliri
grasps her index habang sinusubukan
finger and middle mong isara ang mga
fingers while you try daliri nang
to pull the fingers out. magkasakama.

"Ma'am, can you "Ma'am, maaari

clench your index and niyo bang subukang
middle finger while I ibuka ang iyong mga
try to pull it kamay habang
outward?" sinusubukan kong
itulak ng
magkakasama ang
iyong mga daliri?"

Grip Strength
Sabihin sa kliyente
ay hawakan ang
kanyang hintuturo at
hinlalato/gitnang
daliri habang
sinusubuka mong
hilain ito palabas.

"Ma'am, maaari
 niyo bang isara ang
iyong hintuturo at
hinlalato habang
sinusubukan ko
itong buksan?"
11. Test muscle strength Hip Muscles Hip Muscles For the hip muscles,
of lower extremities While the client is in Habang ang kliyente the client has a Grade
supine positon, both ay nasa supine na 5 for the muscle
legs extended; client posisyon, ang strength it has a
raises one leg at a parehong mga binti 100% normal muscle
time while you ay nakadiretso; strength, normal full
attempt to hold it ipataas sa kliyente movement against
down. ang isang paa at gravity and against
sunod naman ang minimal resistance.
"Ma'am, can you isa, habang
raise your left leg sinusubukan mong For the hip abduction
while I push it down? ibaba ito. and hip adduction,
And same also in your the client has a Grade
right leg." "Ma'am, maaari 4 for the muscle
niyo bang itaas ang strength it has a 75%
Hip Abduction inyong kaliwang paa normal muscle
Client is supine, both habang itinutulak ko strength, normal full
legs extended. Place ito? Pareho rin sa movement against
your hands on the iyong kanang paa." gravity and against
lateral surface of each full resistance.
knee; client spreads Hip Abduction
the legs part against Ang kliyente ay For the Hamstrings
your resistance. nakasupine na and Quadriceps, the
posisyon, ang client has a Grade 4
"Next Ma'am, can parehong mga binti for the muscle
you separate your ay nakadiretso. strength it has a 75%
legs while I try to go Ilagay ang iyong mga normal muscle
against it?" kamay sa gilid ng strength, normal full
bawat tuhod; movement against
Hip Adduction ipaghiwalay and gravity and against
Client is in the same dalawang binti ng minimal resistance.
position as in hip laban sa iyong lakas.
abduction. Place your For the muscles of
hands between the "Susunod Ma'am, the ankle and feet,
knees; client brings maaari niyo bang the client has a Grade
the legs together ipaghiwalay ang 5 for the muscle
against your iyong mga binti strength it has a
resistance. habang sinusubukan 100% normal muscle
kong labanan dito?" strength, normal full
"Now Ma'am, try to movement against
bring your legs Hip Adduction gravity and against
together while I try to Ang kliyente ay nasa full resistance.
go against it." parehong posisyon
tulad sa Hip
Abduction. Ilagay
Hamstrings ang iyong mga
Client is in supine, kamay sa pagitan ng
both knees bent. mga tuhod; Ipagdikit
Client resists while sa kliyente ang mga
you attempt to binti laban sa iyong
straighten the legs. lakas.

"Next Ma'am, can "Ngayon Ma'am,

you bend your legs subukan niyo naman
and try to resist by pong ipagsama ang
bending your knees iyong mga binti
while I try to habang sinusubukan
straighten your legs." kong labanan ito."

Quadriceps Hamstrings
Client is supine, knee Ang kliyente ay
partially extended; nakasupine na
client resists while posisyon,
you attempt to flex nakabaluktot ang
the knee. magkabilang tuhod.
Lumalaban ang
"Now Ma'am, try to kliyente habang ikaw
straighten your knees ay sinusubukan na
while I try to bend it." ituwid ang mga binti.

Muscles of the Ankle "Susunod Ma'am,

and Feet maaari niyo bang i-
Client resists while bend ang iyong mga
you attempt to binti at subukan niyo
dorsiflex the foot and itong pigilan sa
again resists while pamamagitan ng
you attempt to flex pagbaluktot ng
the foot. iyong tuhod habang
sinusubukan kong
"Lastly Ma'am, try to ituwid ang iyong
resist by moving your mga binti."
foot up while I move
it down and then try Quadriceps
 to move your foot Ang kliyente ay nasa
down while I try to supine na posisyon,
push it up." bahagyang
nakadiretso ang
tuhod; lumalaban
ang kliyente habang
sinusubukan mong
ibaluktot ang tuhod.

"Ngayon Ma'am,
subukang ituwid ang
iyong tuhod habang
sinusubukan kong i-
bend ito."

Muscles of the
Ankle and Feet
Lumalaban ang
kliyente habang
sinusubukan mong i-
dorsiflex ang paa at
muling lumaban
habang sinusubukan
mong ibaluktot ang
paa.

"Panghuli Ma'am,
subukang pigilan sa
pamamagitan ng
paggalaw ng iyong
paa pataas habang
tinutulak ko ito
pababa at
pagkatapos ay
subukang igalaw
ang iyong paa
pababa habang
sinusubukan kong
itulak ito pataas."
12. Inspect the skeleton (Ask the client to (Pakiusapan ang There are no
for normal structure stand straight up) kliyente na tumayo deformities in the
and deformities. "Ma'am, can you ng tuwid) skeletal structure of
stand up straight for the client.
me to observe your "Ma'am, maaari po
 skeleton structure." ba kayong tumayo
ng tuwid para
maobserbahan ko
ang istruktura ng
iyong skeleton."
13. Palpate the bones to "Ma'am, I will now "Ma'am, ipapalpate There are no
locate any areas of palpate your bones if ko na po ang iyong presence of edema
edema or there's any edema or mga buto kung and tenderness.
tenderness. tenderness present. mayroong
Tell me if you feel any presensiya ng
pain or discomfort." edema. Sabihan mo
ako kung mayroon
lang nararamdaman
kang masakit o hindi
komportableng
pakiramdam."
14. Inspect the joint for "Ma'am, I will now "Ma'am, There are no signs of
swelling. inspect your joints to oobserbahan ko na swelling on the
see if there's any po ngayon ang client's joints.
swelling." inyong mga
kasukasuan kung
mayroon ba itong
pamamaga."
15. Palpate each joint for "Ma'am, I will palpate "Ma'am, ipapalpate The client’s joints are
tenderness, your joints to see if ko na ang iyong mga smooth coordinated
smoothness of there's smoothness of kasukasuan para movements and no
movement, swelling, movements, swelling, makita kung maayos signs of swelling,
crepitation, and
crepitation or ba ang paggalaw crepitations or
presence of nodules.
presence of nodules." nito, may presence of nodules.
crepitations ba or
presence of
nodules."
16. Assess joint range of Ask the client to move Hilingin sa kliyente For the flexion, the
motion of the head. the head. Use a na igalaw ang ulo. client can move its
goniometer to Gumamit ng neck-pivot joint at
measure the angle of goniometer upang approximately 45°
the joint in degrees. masukat ang with the chin resting
anggulo ng on the chest.
Neck-Pivot Joint kasukasuan sa
degrees. For the extension, the
Flexion Neck-Pivot Joint client positioned his
Move the head from head vertically at
the upright midline Flexion approximately 0-5° in
position forward, so Igalaw ang ulo mula an upright position.
that the chin rests on sa mataas na
the chest. posisyon payuko, For the
upang ang baba ay hyperextension, the
"Ma'am, just look nakadikit sa dibdib. client can move its
down with your chin Neck-Pivot Joint at
touching your chest." "Ma'am, tumingin approximately 55° in
lang kayo sa baba at a flexed upright
Extension idikit ang iyong baba position.
Move the head from sa dibdib."
the flexed position to For the lateral flexion,
the upright position Extension the client can move
Igalaw ang ulo mula its neck at
"Ma'am, can you look sa nabaluktot na approximately 40° to
straight?" posisyon sa patayo both left and right
na posisyon side.
Hyperextension "Ma'am, maaari ka
Move the head from bang tumingin nang For the rotation, the
the upright position diretso?" client can move its
back as far as Neck-Pivot Joint at
possible. Hyperextension approximately 70° to
Igalaw ang ulo mula the left and to the
"Ma'am, can you look sa pataas na right.
up?" posisyon pabalik
hangga't maaari.
Lateral Flexion
Move the head "Ma'am, maaari po
laterally to the right ba kayong
and left shoulders. tumingala?"

"Ma'am, can you tilt Lateral Flexion

your head to the left Igalaw ang ulo sa
and to the right?" kalaunan sa kanan
at kaliwang balikat.
Rotation
Turn the face as far as "Ma'am, maaari
possible to the right niyo po bang ikiling
and left ang iyong ulo sa
kaliwa at sa kanan?"
"Ma'am, can turn
your head to the left Rotation
and right as far as Igalaw ang mukha
you can?" hangga't maaari sa
kanan at kaliwa
 "Ma'am, maari niyo
bang ilingon ang
inyong ulo sa kaliwa
at kanan kung
hanggang saan mo
kaya?"
17. Assess joint range of Ask the client to move Hilingin sa kliyente For the flexion of the
motion of body the body trunk. Use a na igalaw ang client's trunk, it has
trunk. goniometer to katawan. Gumamit an angle of 90°, for
measure the angle of ng goniometer the extension, it has a
the joint in degrees. upang masukat ang 0° angle and for the
anggulo ng hyperextension, the
Trunk-Gliding Joint kasukasuan sa client has a 25° angle.
Flexion. Bend the degree.
trunk toward the For the lateral flexion,
toes. Extension. Trunk-Gliding Joint the client can move
Straighten the trunk Flexion. Ibaluktot side to side at a 35°
from a flexed ang katawan angle to each side.
position. patungo sa mga
Hyperextension. Bend daliri sa paa. For the rotation, the
the trunk backward. Extension. Ituwid client can move at a
ang katawan mula sa 30° angle.
"Ma'am, can you nakatuwad na
bend forward while posisyon.
touching your feet, Hyperextension.
then stand straight, Ibaluktot ang
and bend backward." katawan paatras.

Lateral Flexion "Ma'am, maaari po

Bend the trunk to the ba kayong magbend
right and to the left. habang nakahawak
sa paa, pagkatapos
"Ma'am, can you ay tumayo nang
bend your back to the tuwid, at yumuko
left and to the right?" patalikod."

Rotation Lateral Flexion

Turn the upper part of Ibaluktot ang
the body from side to katawan sa kanan at
side. sa kaliwa.
"Ma'am, maaari
"Ma'am, can you turn niyo bang igalaw
your upper body from ang iyong likod sa
side to side?" kaliwa at kanan?"
 Rotation
Iikot ang itaas na
bahagi ng katawan
mula sa mag
kabilang gilid.

"Ma'am, maaari
niyo bang igalaw
ang iyong itaas na
katawan mula sa
magkatabi?"
18. Assess joint range of Ask the client to move Hilingin sa kliyente For the client's
motion of upper the arms, hands, and na igalaw ang mga Shoulder-Ball-and-
extremities. fingers. Use a braso, kamay, at Socket Joint, the
goniometer to mga daliri. Gumamit flexion has a 180°,
measure the angle of ng goniometer extension with 0° and
the joint in degrees. upang masukat ang hyperextension with
anggulo ng 25°. Abduction with
Shoulder-Ball-and- kasukasuan sa 180° and adduction
Socket Joint degree. with 44°. For the
circumduction, the
Flexion Shoulder-Ball-and- client can easily move
Raise each arm from a Socket Joint his arms in a circular
position by the side motion. For the
forward and upward Flexion internal and external
to a position beside Itaas ang bawat rotation of the client,
the head. braso mula sa gilid at it has both 90° angles.
paitaas sa tabi ng
"Ma'am, can you put ulo. For the Elbow-Hinge
your arms on the Joint of the client, the
side? Then move your "Ma'am, maaari client's flexion has a
arms upwards." niyo po bang ilagay 160° angle and 0°
ang iyong mga braso extension. For the
Extension sa gilid? Pagkatapos Rotation for
Move each arm from ay igalaw ang iyong Supination &
a vertical position mga braso paitaas." Pronation, both have
beside the head a 90° angle.
forward and down to Extension
a resting position at Igalaw ang bawat For the client's Wrist-
the side of the body. braso mula sa isang Condyloid Joint, the
"Ma'am, can you put patayong posisyon flexion has an 80°,
your arms back on sa tabi ng ulo the extension with 0°,
the side" paharap at pababa and hyperextension
 sa gilid ng katawan. with 70°. For the
Hyperextension radial flexion of the
Move each arm from "Ma'am, maaari client, it has a 15°
a resting side position niyo po bang ibalik angle, and 45° for the
to behind the body. ang inyong mga ulnar flexion. For the
kamay sa tagiliran?" flexion of the fingers,
"Ma'am, move each it has an 85° angle, 0°
of your arms behind Hyperextension for the extension and
your body." Igalaw ang bawat 25° for the
braso mula sa gilid hyperextension. For
Abduction papunta sa likoran. the abduction and
Move each arm adduction of fingers,
laterally from a "Ma'am, pakigalaw the client can move
resting position at the ng bawat braso its hands smoothly.
sides to a side ninyo sa likuran ng
position above the inyong katawan." For the Thumb-
head, palm of the Saddle joint, the
hand away from the Abduction client can move his
head. Igalaw ang bawat fingers across the
braso nang pagilid fifth finger, can move
"Ma'am, can you mula sa gilid ng his thumbs laterally,
raise your hands katawan hanggang and can touch the top
above your head, sa sa gilid sa itaas ng of each finger using
with your palms ulo, habang ang the thumb.
together?" palad ng kamay ay
palayo sa ulo.
Adduction
Move each arm from "Ma'am, maaari mo
a position at the sides bang itaas ang iyong
across the front of the mga kamay sa itaas
body as far as ng iyong ulo, habang
possible. The elbow ang iyong mga palad
may be straight or ay magkadikit?"
bent.
Adduction
"Now Ma'am, sway Igalaw ang bawat
your hands braso mula sa mga
downwards across gilid sa buong harap
the front of your body ng katawan hangga't
as far as possible." maaari. Ang siko ay
maaaring tuwid o
Circumduction baluktot.
Move each arm
forward, up, back, "Ngayon Ma'am,
and down in a full ibaluktot ang iyong
circle. mga kamay pababa
sa tapat ng harap ng
"Ma'am, move your iyong katawan at
arms in a circular isagad niyo hangga't
motion." maaari."

Circumduction
External Rotation Igalaw ang bawat
With each arm held braso pasulong,
out to the side at pataas, likod, at
shoulder level and the pababa sa isang
elbow bent to a right buong bilog.
angle, fingers pointing
down, move the arm "Ma'am, igalaw mo
upward so that the ang iyong mga braso
fingers point up. pabilog."

"Ma'am, can you External Rotation

raise your shoulders Ang mga braso ay
and your elbows nasa gilid sa antas ng
forming a 90° angle, balikat at ang siko na
with your fingers nakabaluktot sa
pointing down? Now isang tamang
move your hands up. anggulo, mga daliri
" pagturo, igalaw ang
braso paitaas upang
Internal Rotation ang mga daliri ay
With each arm held nakaturo paitaas.
out to the side at
shoulder level and the "Ma'am, maaari mo
elbow bent to a right bang itaas ang iyong
angle, fingers pointing mga balikat at ang
up, move the arm iyong mga siko na
forward and down so bumubuo ng isang
that the fingers point anggulo ng 90 °, na
down. ang iyong mga daliri
ay nakaturo
"Now Ma'am, form paibaba? Ngayon ay
again your elbows in itaas ang iyong mga
a 90° angle, but now kamay."
your hands facing
upward. " Internal Rotation
Ang mga braso ay
 nasa gilid sa antas ng
Elbow-Hinge Joint balikat at ang siko na
nakabaluktot sa
Flexion isang tamang
Bring each lower arm anggulo, mga daliri
forward and upward pagturo, igalaw ang
so that the hand is at braso paibaba upang
the shoulder. ang mga daliri ay
nakaturo paibaba.
"Ma'am, move your
arms forward with "Ngayon Ma'am,
the palms facing igalaw muli ang
upward. Now move iyong mga siko sa
your lower arms isang anggulo ng
upward and 90°, ngunit ngayon
downward." ang iyong mga
kamay ay nakaturo
Extension paitaas. Iagalaw ang
Bring each lower arm iyong mga kamay
forward and paibaba."
downward,
straightening Elbow-Hinge Joint

"Now Ma'am, raise Flexion

again your lower arm Igalaw ang bawat
but extend your arms ibabang braso
straight downwards" pasulong at paitaas
upang ang kamay ay
Rotation for nasa balikat.
Supination &
Pronation "Ma'am, igalaw ang
Turn each hand and inyong mga braso sa
forearm so that the mga palad na
palm is facing upward nakaharap sa
and downward. paitaas. Ngayon
igalaw ang iyong
"Ma'am, face your ibabang braso
palms upward and pataas at pababa."
downward."
Extension
Wrist-Condyloid Joint Igalaw ang bawat
ibabang braso
Flexion pasulong at pababa,
Bring the fingers of patuwid
each hand toward the
inner aspect of the "Ngayon Ma'am,
forearm. itaas muli ang iyong
ibabang braso
"Ma'am, can you ngunit i-extend nang
bring your hands diretso ang iyong
together, then move mga braso"
your forearms down."
Rotation for
Extension Supination &
Straighten each hand Pronation
to the same plane as Iikot ang bawat
the arm. kamay at bisig upang
ang palad ay
"Ma'am, now move nakaharap sa paitaas
your forearms at pababa.
straight."
"Ma'am, iharap ang
Hyperextension iyong mga palad
Bend the fingers of pataas at pababa."
each hand back as far
as possible. Wrist-Condyloid
Joint
"Ma'am, move your
hands back as far as Flexion
you can." Igalaw ang mga daliri
ng bawat kamay
Radial Flexion papaloob ng bisig.
(Abduction)
Bend each wrist "Ma'am, maaari
laterally toward the niyo bang igalaw
thumb side with hand ang iyong mga
supinated. kamay nang
magkakasama,
"Ma'am, move your pagkatapos ay
hands to the side igalaw ang iyong
where your thumbs mga forearms
are facing." pababa."

Ulnar Flexion Extension

(Adduction) Ituwid ang bawat
Bend each wrist kamay sa parehong
laterally toward the direksyon ng braso.
fifth finger with the
hand supinated. "Ma'am, ngayon
igalaw nang diretso
"Now Ma'am, move ang inyong mga
your hands to the side bisig."
where the fifth finger
is facing." Hyperextension
Ibaluktot ang mga
Flexion (fingers) daliri ng bawat
Make a fist with each kamay pataas
hand. hangga't maaari.

"Ma'am, can you "Ma'am, igalaw

clench your both pataas ang inyong
hands?" mga kamay
hangga't maaari."
Extension (fingers)
Straighten the fingers Radial Flexion
of each hand. (Abduction)
Ibaluktot ang bawat
"Next Ma'am, can pulso patagilid
you now straighten patungo sa hinlalaki
your hands?" sa kamay na
nakatihaya.
Hyperextension
(fingers) "Ma'am, ilipat ang
Bend the fingers of inyong mga kamay
each hand back as far sa gilid kung saan
as possible. nakaharap ang
iyong mga
"Lastly Ma'am, can hinlalaki."
you bend your hands
upward as far as you Ulnar Flexion
can?" (Adduction)
Ibaluktot ang bawat
Abduction (Fingers) pulso patagilid
Spread the fingers of patungo sa ikalimang
each hand apart. daliri gamit ang
kamay na
"Ma'am, can you nakatihaya.
spread your fingers?"
"Ngayon Ma'am,
Adduction (Fingers) igalaw ang iyong
Bring the fingers of mga kamay sa gilid
each hand together. kung saan
 nakaharap ang
"Ma'am, can you now ikalimang daliri."
bring your fingers
together?" Flexion (Fingers)
Gawing kamao ang
Thumb-Saddle Joint bawat kamay.

Flexion & Extension "Ma'am, maaari

Move each thumb niyo bang i-clench
across the palmar ang iyong parehong
surface of the hand mga kamay?"
toward the fifth
finger. Move each Extension (Fingers)
thumb away from the Ituwid ang mga daliri
hand. ng bawat kamay.

"Ma'am, can you "Susunod Ma'am,

move your each maaari niyo po bang
thumb toward your ituwid ang iyong
fifth finger? Then, can mga kamay?"
you move it back?"
Hyperextension
Abduction & (Fingers)
Adduction Ibaluktot ang mga
Extend each thumb daliri ng bawat
laterally. Move each kamay pabalik
thumb back to the hangga't maaari.
hand.
"Panghuli Ma'am,
"Ma'am, can you maaari mo bang
move your fingers ibaluktot ang iyong
close to each other? mga kamay pataas
Now try to move your hangga't maaari?"
thumbs away from
the hand and move it Abduction (Fingers)
back." Ibukas ang mga daliri
ng magkahiwalay sa
Opposition bawat kamay.
Touch each thumb to
the top of each finger "Ma'am, maari niyo
of the same hand. bang ibukas ang
iyong mga daliri?"
"Ma'am, can you
touch the top of your Adduction (Fingers)
fingers using the tip Igalaw ang mga daliri
of your thumb?" ng magkasama ang
bawat kamay.

"Ma'am, maaari
niyo na bang
ipagsama ang iyong
mga daliri?"

Thumb-Saddle Joint

Flexion & Extension

Igalaw ang bawat
hinlalaki sa buong
ibabaw ng palad ng
kamay patungo sa
ikalimang daliri.
Igalaw ang bawat
hinlalaki sa kamay.

"Ma'am, maaari
niyo bang igalaw
ang iyong hinlalaki
patungo sa iyong
ikalimang daliri?

Abduction &
Adduction
I-extend ang bawat
hinlalaki patagilid.
Igalaw ang bawat
hinlalaki pabalik sa
kamay.

"Ma'am, maaari mo
bang igalaw ang
iyong mga daliri
palapit sa isa't isa at
subukang igalaw
ang iyong mga
hinlalaki mula sa
kamay at ilipat ito
pabalik."
 Opposition
Pindutin ang bawat
hinlalaki sa tuktok ng
bawat daliri ng
parehong kamay.

"Ma'am, maaari
niyo bang hawakan
ang tuktok ng iyong
mga daliri gamit ang
dulo ng iyong
hinlalaki?"
19. Assess joint range of Ask the client to move Hilingin sa kliyente For the Hip-Ball-and-
motion of lower its legs, knees, and na ilipat ang mga Socket Joint of the
extremities. feet. Use a binti, tuhod, at paa client, the flexion has
goniometer to nito. Gumamit ng an angle of 94°,
measure the angle of goniometer upang extension with 0°,
the joint in degrees. masukat ang anggulo and hyperextension
ng magkasanib na of 20°. For the
mga degree. abduction, it has a
Hip-Ball-and-Socket 50° while during
Joint adduction, it has a
Flexion Hip-Ball-and-Socket 30° angle. The client
Move each leg Joint can easily move his
forward and upward. Flexion legs in a circular
Extension Igalaw ang bawat motion. And for the
Move each leg back paa pasulong at Knee-Hinge Joint, the
inside the other. paitaas. client can move easily
Extension. his joints without
Hyperextension Igalaw ang bawat pain or discomfort.
Move each leg back binti sa magkatapat
behind the body. na nakapatong ang
isa sa kabila.
"Ma'am, can you Hyperextension
move your leg Igalaw ang bawat
forward and paa sa likod ng
backward motion? katawan.
Then move your leg
back inside the other "Ma'am, maaari mo
then move it behind bang igalaw ang
your back." iyong paa sa isang
pasulong at paatras
Abduction na paggalaw?
Move each leg out to Pagkatapos ay
the side. igalaw ang iyong
Adduction paa sa likod ng iba
Move each leg back to pa at igalaw ito sa
the other leg and likod ng iyong likod."
beyond in front of it.
Abduction
"Ma'am, can you Igalaw ang bawat
move your leg out to binti sa gilid.
the side then move it Adduction
beyond in front of the Igalaw ang bawat
other leg." binti pabalik sa iba
pang mga binti at
Circumduction higit pa sa harap
Move each leg nito.
backward, up, to the
side, and down in a "Ma'am, maaari
circle. niyo po bang igalaw
ang iyong paa sa
"Ma'am, can you gilid pagkatapos
move each of your ilipat ito sa kabila ng
legs in a circular harap ng kabilang
motion?" binti."

Internal rotation Circumduction.

Turn each foot and Igalaw ang bawat
leg inward so that the paa pabalik, pataas,
toes point as far as sa gilid, at pababa sa
possible toward the isang bilog.
other leg.
"Ma'am, pwede
External rotation bang igalaw ang
Turn each foot and bawat isa sa inyong
leg outward so that mga binti sa isang
the toes point as far pabilog na
as possible away from paggalaw?"
the other leg.
Internal Rotation.
"Ma'am, can you turn Balikin ang bawat
your feet inward then paa at paa papasok
outward, do the same upang ang mga daliri
with the other feet." ng paa ay tumuturo
sa kabilang binti.
Knee-Hinge Joint External Rotation
Iliko ang bawat paa
Flexion at paa upang ang
Bend each leg, punto ng mga daliri
bringing the heel sa paa ay nakalayo
toward the back of mula sa kabilang
the thigh. paa.
Extension
Straighten each leg, "Ma'am, maaari mo
returning the foot to bang ikiling ang
its position beside the iyong mga paa
other foot. papasok pagkatapos
ay palabas naman,
"Ma'am, bend each of gawin ito sa
your knees while your kabilang paa."
heels go towards the
thigh. Then return Knee-Hinge Joint
back to the original Flexion
position." Ibaluktot ang bawat
binti, dalhin ang
Extension (plantar sakong patungo sa
flexion) likod ng hita.
Point the toes of each Extension
foot downward; Ituwid ang bawat
Flexion (dorsiflexion) binti, ibabalik ang
Point the toes of each paa sa posisyon nito
foot upward. sa tabi ng kabilang
paa.
"Ma'am, can you
point your toes "Ma'am, ibaluktot
downward then ang bawat tuhod
upward?" habang ang iyong
mga takong ay
Eversion patungo sa hita.
Turn the sole of each Pagkatapos ay
laterally; bumalik sa orihinal
Inversion na posisyon."
Turn the sole of each
foot medially. Extension (plantar
flexion)
"Ma'am, can you turn Ituro ang mga paa sa
your sole facing the bawat paa pababa;
side, then turn it Flexion (dorsiflexion)
medially" Ituro ang mga paa
sa bawat paa pataas.
Flexion
Twist the toe joints of "Ma'am, maaari
each foot downward; bang ituro ang iyong
Extension mga daliri sa paa
Straighten the toes of pababa at pataas?"
each foot.
Eversion
"Ma'am, can you Igalaw ang
twist your toes talampakan nang
downward, then patagilid.
straighten it." Inversion
Igalaw ang
talampakan nang
pagitna.

"Ma'am, maaari
niyo bang igalaw
ang iyong
talampakan
patagilid, at
pagkatapos ay iikot
ito pagitna"

Flexion
Ipilipit ang
kasukasuan ng daliri
ng paa sa bawat paa
pababa.

Extension
Ituwid ang mga daliri
sa paa ng bawat paa.

"Ma'am, maaari mo
bang ibaluktot ang
iyong mga daliri sa
paa, pagkatapos ay
ituwid ito."