Second Wind: Second Wind Is A Phenomenon in Distance Running, Such As Marathons or Road Running

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Second wind

Second wind is a phenomenon in distance running, such as marathons or road running


(as well as other sports), whereby an athlete who is too out of breath and tired to continue
suddenly finds the strength to press on at top performance with less exertion. The feeling
may be similar to that of a "runner's high", the most obvious difference being that the
runner's high occurs after the race is over.[1] Some scientists believe the second wind to be
a result of the body finding the proper balance of oxygen to counteract the buildup of
lactic acid in the muscles.[2] Others claim second winds are due to endorphin production,
while still others believe it to be purely psychological.

Documented experiences of the second wind go back at least 100 years, when it was
taken to be a commonly held fact of exercise.[3] The phenomenon has come to be used as
a metaphor for continuing on with renewed energy past the point thought to be one's
prime, whether in other sports, careers, or life in general.[4][5][6]

Lactic acid

During exercise the glucose stored in muscles is converted to energy. Burning glucose
produces lactic acid, which causes cramps. Oxygen counteracts the effects of lactic acid;
if the runner does not take in enough oxygen, this results in increased heart rate, shortness
of breath, and fatigue.

Some people's bodies may take more time than others to be able to balance the amount of
oxygen they need to counteract the lactic acid. This theory of the second wind posits that,
by pushing past the point of pain and exhaustion, runners may give their systems enough
time to warm up and begin to use the oxygen to its fullest potential. For this reason, well-
conditioned Olympic-level runners do not generally experience a second wind (or they
experience it much sooner) because their bodies are trained to perform properly from the
start of the race.[2][7]

Endorphins

Endorphins are credited as the cause of the feeling of euphoria and wellbeing found in
many forms of exercise, so proponents of this theory believe that the second wind is
caused by their early release.[8] Many of these proponents feel that the second wind is
very closely related to—or even interchangeable with—the runner's high.

Psychological

The second wind, like many other exercise-induced "highs", is increasingly suspected of
being purely psychological; it is claimed by some to be a by-product of the confidence
and pride one gains by passing one's supposed limitations. Studies have found similar
results when researchers have simply offered encouragement to subjects during exercise.

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