Petroleum Products - Calculation of Cetane Index of Middle-Distillate Fuels by The Four-Variable Equation (ISO 4264:2007)

IP 380/08 ISO 4264:2007 BS EN ISO 4264 : 2007
BS 2000 : Part 380 : 2007
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 4264
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 2007
ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN ISO 4264:1996
English version
Petroleum products — Calculation of cetane index of middle-

distillate fuels by the four-variable equation (ISO 4264:2007)
Produits pétroliers — Calcul de l'indice de cétane des Mineralölerzeugnisse — Berechnung des Cetanindex von
distillats moyens par équation à quatre variables (ISO Mitteldestillat-Kraftstoffen aus der 4 Parameter-Gleichung
4264:2007) (ISO 4264:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 August 2007.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions
for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and
bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN
Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified
to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN ISO 4264:2007 E
reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
380.1
Issued under licence to 4 Authorised Users within ITS Caleb Brett only
IMPORTANT: This file is subject to a licence agreement issued by the Energy Institute, London, UK. All rights reserved. It may only be used in accordance with
the licence terms and conditions. It must not be forwarded to, or stored or accessed by, any unauthorised user. Enquiries: e: pubs@energyinst.org.uk t: +44 (0)207 467 7100
CALCULATED CETANE INDEX BY THE FOUR-VARIABLE EQUATION, IP 380
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 4264:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 "Petroleum
products and lubricants" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels,
lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” the secretariat of which is held
by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by February 2008.
This document supersedes EN ISO 4264:1996.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 4264:2007 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 4264:2007 without any modification.
380.2
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4262:2007(E)
Petroleum products — Calculation of cetane index of middle-

distillate fuels by the four-variable equation
WARNING — The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This
International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 Scope Fuel property Recommended

range
This International Standard describes a procedure
for the calculation of the cetane index of middle-
distillate fuels from petroleum-derived sources. The Cetane number 32,5 – 56,5
calculated value is termed the “cetane index by Density at 15 °C, kg/m 3
805,0 – 895,0
four-variable equation”. Throughout the remaining
text of this International Standard, the term “cetane 10 % (V/V) distillation 171 – 259
index” implies cetane index by four-variable recovery temperature, °C
equation. 50 % (V/V) distillation 212 – 308
recovery temperature, °C
This International Standard is not applicable to fuels
containing additives for raising the cetane number, 90 % (V/V) distillation 251 – 363
nor to pure hydrocarbons, nor to distillate fuels recovery temperature, °C
derived from coal. It is applicable to fuels containing
non-petroleum derivatives from tar sand and oil Within the recommended range of cetane number
shale. (32,5 to 56,5), the expected error of the prediction
via the cetane index equation will be less than ± 2
NOTE 1 This International Standard was originally
cetane numbers for 65 % of the distillate fuels
developed using a matrix of fuels, some of which contain
nonpetroleum derivates from tar sands and oil shale.
examined. Errors may be greater for fuels whose
Other cetane index equations have since been developed properties fall outside the recommended range of
which can be more applicable to tar sands products. application.
NOTE 2 The cetane index is not an alternative way to 2 Normative references

express the cetane number; it is a supplementary tool, to
be used with due regard for its limitations. The following referenced documents are
indispensable for the application of this document.
NOTE 3 The cetane index is used to estimate the cetane
For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
number of diesel fuel when a test engine is not available
For undated references, the latest edition of the
to determine this property directly, or when insufficient
sample is available for an engine rating. In cases where referenced document (including any amendments)
the cetane number of a fuel has been previously applies.
established, the cetane index can be used to verify the
cetane number of subsequent samples of that fuel, ISO 91-1:1992, Petroleum measurement tables —
provided the fuel's source and mode of manufacture Part 1: Tables based on reference temperatures of
remain unchanged. 15 °C and 60 °F
The recommended range of fuel properties for ISO 3405:2000, Petroleum products —
application of this International Standard is as Determination of distillation characteristics at
follows: atmospheric pressure
380.3
ISO 3675:1998, Crude petroleum and liquid 5 Calculation

petroleum products — Laboratory determination of
density — Hydrometer method 5.1 Calculate the cetane index by one of the
procedures given in 5.1.1 and 5.1.2.
ISO 12185:1996, Crude petroleum and petroleum
products — Determination of density — Oscillating 5.1.1 Insert the measured values (see 4.1 and 4.2)
U-tube method in Equation (1) below and calculate the cetane
index, CI.
3 Principle
5.1.2 Use the nomographs in Figures 1, 2 and 3 to
The density at 15 °C and the temperatures at which derive the cetane index as follows:
10 % (V/V), 50 % (V/V) and 90 % (V/V) are
recovered (distillation recovery temperatures) are a) insert the density and 50 % (V/V) distillation
determined by standard test methods and the recovery temperature values in Figure 1 to
cetane index is calculated from these test data using estimate the fuel cetane index;
known correlations.
b) insert the density and 90 % (V/V) distillation
4 Procedure recovery temperature values in Figure 2 to
determine a correction factor for deviations
4.1 Determine the density at 15 °C of the in these parameters from average values;
sample, to the nearest 0,1 kg/m3, by the procedure
described in ISO 3675 or ISO 12185, using the c) insert the 10 % (V/V) and 90 % (V/V)
corrections given in ISO 91-1 if appropriate. distillation recovery temperature values in
Figure 3 to determine a second correction
4.2 Determine the temperatures, to the nearest factor for deviations in these parameters
1 °C, at which 10 % (V/V), 50 % (V/V) and 90 % from average values;
(V/V) of the sample is recovered during distillation,
corrected to standard barometric pressure, by the d) sum the correction factors from Figures 2
procedure described in ISO 3405. and 3 with the estimated cetane index from
Figure 1 to give the final cetane index.
CI = 45,2 + 0,089 2T10 N + (0,131 + 0,901B)T50 N + (0,052 3 − 0,42 B)T90 N + L (1)
( )
L+ 0,000 49 T102 N − T902 + 107 B + 60 B 2
where
T10N = T10 - 215;
T50N = T50 - 260;
T90N = T90 - 310;
T10 is the 10 % (V/V) distillation recovery temperature, in degrees Celsius;
B = [exp (! 0,003 5DN)] ! 1;
DN = D ! 850;
D is the density at 15 °C, in kilograms per cubic metre.
380.4
5.2 The method of using the nomography is 7 Precision

indicated by the example shown below for
a fuel of cetane number 46,8. 7.1 The calculation of the cetane index from
measured density at 15 °C and measured 10 %
5.2.1 Measured fuel properties (V/V), 50 % (V/V) and 90 % (V/V) distillation
recovery temperatures is exact.
Density at 15 °C, kg/m3 860,0
7.2 The precision of the cetane index equation
10 % (V/V) distillation recovery 220 is dependent on the precision of the original density
temperature, °C and distillation recovery temperature determinations
which enter into the calculation. The precision of
50 % (V/V) distillation recovery 290 these determinations is stated in ISO 3675,
temperature, °C ISO 12185 and ISO 3405.
90 % (V/V) distillation recovery 340
temperature, °C 8 Test report
The test report shall contain at least the following

5.2.2 Cetane index
information:
Estimation from Figure 1 44,1 a) a reference of this International Standard;
Correction from Figure 2 + 0,4 b) the type and identification of the product
tested;
Correction from Figure 3 + 1,5
CI = 46,0 c) the result of the test (see Clause 6);
d) any deviation, by agreement or otherwise,

6 Expression of results from the procedure specified;
Report the result to the nearest 0,1 as the cetane e) the date of the test.
index by four-variable equation.
380.5
Key
CI cetane index
T50 50 % distillation recovery temperature, °C
D density at 15 °C, kg/m3
Figure 1 — Cetane index — Estimate based on density and 50 % distillation recovery temperature
380.6
Key
CIC1 cetane index correction
D density at 15 °C, kg/m3
Figure 2 — Cetane index correction for deviations from average values in density and
90 % distillation recovery temperature
380.7
Key
CIC2 cetane index correction
Figure 3 — Cetane index correction for deviations from average values in 10 % and
90 % distillation recovery temperatures
380.8

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IP 380/08 ISO 4264:2007 BS EN ISO 4264 : 2007

BS 2000 : Part 380 : 2007

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 4264

EUROPÄISCHE NORM August 2007

ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN ISO 4264:1996

Petroleum products — Calculation of cetane index of middle-

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 August 2007.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

This document supersedes EN ISO 4264:1996.

Petroleum products — Calculation of cetane index of middle-

1 Scope Fuel property Recommended

NOTE 2 The cetane index is not an alternative way to 2 Normative references

ISO 3675:1998, Crude petroleum and liquid 5 Calculation

CI = 45,2 + 0,089 2T10 N + (0,131 + 0,901B)T50 N + (0,052 3 − 0,42 B)T90 N + L (1)

T10N = T10 - 215;

T50N = T50 - 260;

T90N = T90 - 310;

T10 is the 10 % (V/V) distillation recovery temperature, in degrees Celsius;

T50 is the 50 % (V/V) distillation recovery temperature, in degrees Celsius;

T90 is the 90 % (V/V) distillation recovery temperature, in degrees Celsius;

B = [exp (! 0,003 5DN)] ! 1;

D is the density at 15 °C, in kilograms per cubic metre.

5.2 The method of using the nomography is 7 Precision

The test report shall contain at least the following

Estimation from Figure 1 44,1 a) a reference of this International Standard;

CI = 46,0 c) the result of the test (see Clause 6);

d) any deviation, by agreement or otherwise,

T50 50 % distillation recovery temperature, °C

D density at 15 °C, kg/m3

CIC1 cetane index correction

T90 90 % distillation recovery temperature, °C

D density at 15 °C, kg/m3

CIC2 cetane index correction

T90 90 % distillation recovery temperature, °C

T10 10 % distillation recovery temperature, °C

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