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Em Wave PDF

1) Maxwell generalized Ampere's circuital law to incorporate the effect of displacement current which occurs in changing electric fields, such as when charging a parallel plate capacitor. 2) An oscillating electric charge produces oscillating electric and magnetic fields which propagate as an electromagnetic wave. 3) The speed of all electromagnetic waves is the same in vacuum, regardless of wavelength. Displacement current is the current produced in a region where the electric field and flux are changing with time.

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182 views4 pages

Em Wave PDF

1) Maxwell generalized Ampere's circuital law to incorporate the effect of displacement current which occurs in changing electric fields, such as when charging a parallel plate capacitor. 2) An oscillating electric charge produces oscillating electric and magnetic fields which propagate as an electromagnetic wave. 3) The speed of all electromagnetic waves is the same in vacuum, regardless of wavelength. Displacement current is the current produced in a region where the electric field and flux are changing with time.

Uploaded by

RajuPrabahar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA JAMALPUR

CLASS - XII

Electromagnetic Waves

2 Marks Questions :-

1. A parallel plate capacitor is being charged by a time varying current. Explain


briefly how Ampere’s circuital law is generalized to incorporate the effect
due to the displacement current.

Answer:- While dealing with the charging of a parallel plate capacitor with
varying current, it was found that Ampere’s circuital law is not logically
consistaent, because ∫c B.dI has note same value on the two sides of a
plate of charged capacitor. The inconsistency of Ampere’s circuital law was
removed by Maxwell by predicting the presence of displacement current in
the region between the plates of capacitor, when the charge on capacitor is
changing with time. Maxwell also predicted that the sum of conduction
current and displacement current has the property of continuity.

2. How does a charge q oscillating at certain frequency produce


electromagnetic waves ? Sketch schematic diagram depicting electric and
magnetic fields for an electromagnetic wave propagating along the x-
direction.
Answer :- Oscillating charge produces sinusoidal variation of electric and
magnetic fields, which inturn produces electromagnetic wave.
3. ( a ) Which physical quantity is same for X – rays of wavelength 10-10 m, red
light of wavelength 6800 A and radio waves of wavelength 500 m ?
Answer :- The speed in vacuum is the same for all radiations. The speed of
each radiation is independent of its intensity in a medium.
( b ) What is a displacement current ? Explain its cause.
Answer :- Displacement current is that current which is produced in a
region, wherever the electric field and hence the electric flux is changing
with time the displacement current is given by ID=є0dφE/dt.

3 Marks Questions :-

1. Name the constituent radiation of electromagnetic spectrum which


( a ) is used in satellite communication.
( b ) is used for studying crystal structure.
( c ) is similar to the radiation emitted during decay of radioactive nuclei.
( d ) has a wavelength range between 390 nm and 770 nm.
( e ) is absorbed from sunlight by ozone layer.
( f ) produces intense heating effect.
Answer:
(a) Microwaves
(b) X-Rays
(c) Gaama Rays
(d) Visible Light
(e) Ultraviolet Rays
(f) Infrared raditation

2. Find the wavelength of electromagnetic waves of frequency 5 X 1019 Hz.


Give its two applications.
Answer: Wavelength = c/v = 3 X 108/4 X 109 = 3/40 m = 0.075 m
There are microwaves which are used (i) in radar systems for aircraft
navigation (ii) in microwaves ovens
3. Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves. Give two uses each
of
( I ) radiowaves, and
( ii ) microwaves.
Answer: Charecteristics of E.M. waves are

Uses of Radiowaves:-in radio transmission and in radio astronomy


Uses of Microwaves are in radar systems for aircraft navigation and in
microwaves ovens

5 Marks Questions :-

1. ( a )Which of the following, if any, can act as a source of electromagnetic


wave ?
( I ) A charge moving with a constant velocity.
( ii ) A charge moving in a circular orbit.
( iii ) A charge at rest.
Give reason.
( b ) Identify the part of the electromagnetic spectrum, to which waves of
frequency (i) 1020 Hz, (ii) 109 Hz belong.
Answer :
(a) (i) A charge moving with constant velocity has no acceleration. It can not
produce e.m wave.
(ii) A charge moving in a circular orbit has accelerated motion so it can
act as a source of e.m wave
(iii) A charge at rest has no acceleration. It can not produce e.m wave.
(b) (i) Gamma Rays
(ii) Microwaves
4. Electromagnetic waves with wavelength
( I ) λ1 are used to treat muscular strain.
( ii ) λ2 are used by a FM radio station for broadcasting.
( iii ) λ3 are used to detect fracture in bones.
( iv ) λ4 are absorbed by the ozone layer of the atmosphere.
( v ) λ5 are suitable for radar system used in aircraft navigation.
Identify and name the part of e.m spectrum to which these radiations
belong. Arrange these wavelength in decreasing order of magnitude.
(i) Infra red radiations
(ii) VHF radiowaves
(iii) X-Rays
(iv) Ultraviolet rays
(v) Microwaves
The wavelengths in decreasing order of magnitude are
λ2 > λ5 > λ1> λ4 > λ3

Dr. Alok Kumar


PGT Physics
K V Jamalpur

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