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    Ionic Equilibrium

    Uploaded by

    redzuan1990
    This document discusses determining the solubility product (KSP) of lead(II) iodide. It provides the theory behind KSP and how it is calculated using the concentrations of ions in a saturated solution. The experiment involves titrating solutions of varying lead(II) nitrate concentrations with a potassium iodide solution to find the concentration of lead(II) and iodide ions at the endpoint and calculate the KSP. Questions ask the student to complete a table with ion concentrations, sketch a graph, comment on KSP values, calculate the average KSP, and explain the effect of increasing lead(II) ion concentration.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ionic Equilibrium

    Uploaded by

    redzuan1990
    96 views3 pages
    This document discusses determining the solubility product (KSP) of lead(II) iodide. It provides the theory behind KSP and how it is calculated using the concentrations of ions in a saturated solution. The experiment involves titrating solutions of varying lead(II) nitrate concentrations with a potassium iodide solution to find the concentration of lead(II) and iodide ions at the endpoint and calculate the KSP. Questions ask the student to complete a table with ion concentrations, sketch a graph, comment on KSP values, calculate the average KSP, and explain the effect of increasing lead(II) ion concentration.

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    This document discusses determining the solubility product (KSP) of lead(II) iodide. It provides the theory behind KSP and how it is calculated using the concentrations of ions in a saturated solution. The experiment involves titrating solutions of varying lead(II) nitrate concentrations with a potassium iodide solution to find the concentration of lead(II) and iodide ions at the endpoint and calculate the KSP. Questions ask the student to complete a table with ion concentrations, sketch a graph, comment on KSP values, calculate the average KSP, and explain the effect of increasing lead(II) ion concentration.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    96 views3 pages

    Ionic Equilibrium

    Uploaded by

    redzuan1990
    This document discusses determining the solubility product (KSP) of lead(II) iodide. It provides the theory behind KSP and how it is calculated using the concentrations of ions in a saturated solution. The experiment involves titrating solutions of varying lead(II) nitrate concentrations with a potassium iodide solution to find the concentration of lead(II) and iodide ions at the endpoint and calculate the KSP. Questions ask the student to complete a table with ion concentrations, sketch a graph, comment on KSP values, calculate the average KSP, and explain the effect of increasing lead(II) ion concentration.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Topic:

    Acid, base and salt: ionic equilibrium

    Purpose:

    To determine the solubility product, KSP, of lead(II) iodide

    Theory:

    Sparingly soluble salt is a type of salt which has very low solubility in water.
    When it is in contact with water, it will form saturated solution eventually and equilibrium
    between water and the excess undissolved are achieved. Then, when this solution is in
    contact with another solution, the equilibrium between both solutions is achieved after
    several period of time. The product of the concentration of ions in saturated solution of
    the salt, raised to the power of the stoichiometric coefficient of the respective ion is
    known as KSP. To determine or measure the KSP the following formula is used

    KSP = [xAy+]x [yAx+]y

    The brackets in the formula are representing the concentration of the ions in the
    bracket. For example KSP for aqueous lead(II) iodide is given by

    KSP = [Pb2+] [Iˉ ]2

    The higher the value of KSP the more soluble is the salt. However, we need to know the
    concentration of the lead(II) ion and iodide ion first to calculate the value of K SP of PbI2.
    mol
    The formula for molarity is: (equation1): M =
    dm ³

    total volume
    Whereas (equation2)mol=molarity X
    1000

    So, by substituting equation2 into equation1 we could find the concentration of the ions
    of the salt.

    volume
    KSP=
    [ molarity X
    1000 ]
    volume ₁+volume ₀
    Materials:

    1. KA 1 is 0.25 mol dm-3 aqueous lead(II) nitrate


    2. KA 2 is 0.10 mol dm-3 aqueous lead(II) nitrate
    3. KA 3 is 0.05 mol dm-3 aqueous lead(II) nitrate
    4. KA 4 is 0.02 mol dm-3 aqueous lead(II) nitrate
    5. KA 5 is 0.01 mol dm-3 aqueous potassium iodide

    Apparatus:

    1.

    Procedure:

    1. 25.0 cm3 of KA 1 is titrated with KA 5.


    2. The experiment is repeated with KA 2, KA 3 and KA 4

    Result:

    Solution KA 1 KA 2 KA 3 KA 4
    [Pb(NO3)2] mol 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02
    dmˉ3
    [KI] mol dmˉ3 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
    Volume of
    Pb(NO3)2
    Vo/cm3
    Volume of KI,
    V/cm3
    (Vo + V) / cm3

    Questions:

    1. From your titre values, calculate the concentration of lead(II) iodide ions at the
    end point for each of the solutions KA 1, KA 2, KA 3 and KA 4. Enter the
    concentration values obtained in the table 1 and complete the table.

    Solution KA 1 KA 2 KA 3 KA 4
    [Pb 2+]
    [Iˉ ]
    [Pb2+][Iˉ ]2
    2. Sketch a graph of [Pb2+] [Iˉ ]2 against [Pb2+].
    3. Comment on the values of the ionic product, K SP of PbI2.
    4. Calculate the average value for the solubility product of lead(II) iodide.
    5. What is the effect of increasing the concentration of lead(II) ions on K SP of PbI2?

    Answer

    1. A
    2. A
    3. A
    4. A
    5. When the concentration of lead(II) ion is increases, the KSP remain
    unchanged because there is no change in temperature. However, more solid
    will be formed due to the increasing of concentration of the lead(II) ion. In
    order to keep the KSP value is constant, the concentration of the iodide ion
    must be decreased. So, some of the iodide ion will bind to the lead(II) ion
    producing solid lead(II) iodide salt.

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