CH 5 Joints PDF
CH 5 Joints PDF
CH 5 Joints PDF
Objectives
• Distinguish between the three structural
Chapter 5 and functional types of joints
• List the kinds (shapes) of joints, give
Joints examples of each, and describe the type
of movement each performs
• Describe the parts of a synovial joint
• Distinguish between different types of
arthritis
• Describe homeostatic imbalances related
to joints
Classification of Joints
Joints—Articulations
By Function
Where two bones meet Synarthroses—immovable
Functions Amphiarthroses—slightly
• holds bones together movable
Classification of Joints
By Structure Fibrous joints
and
Fibrous—fibrous tissue cartilaginous
• suture—dense fibers joints may be
synarthroses
• syndesmoses—looser fibers or
Cartilaginous—fibrous cartilage amphiarthroses
• vertebral discs, pubic symphysis
Synovial—joint capsule
Elbow, knee, hip, shoulder, etc.
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Synovial Joints
1. Articular cartilage- covers bone ends
2. Fibrous articular capsule—lined with
synovial membrane
3. Joint Cavity—space enclosed by
capsule, contains lubricating synovial
fluid
4. Reinforcing ligaments—reinforces
capsule
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Arthritis Osteoarthritis
• Inflammation or degenerative disease • Occurs with age, degenerative
damaging joints
• Acute • Wear-and-tear on cartilage
– Bacterial—synovial membrane thickens, • Bone spurs—extra bone tissue, grows at
fluid production reduced, treated with cartilage margins, restrict movement
antibiotics • Crepitus—crunchy noise
• Chronic
– Osteoarthritis • Fingers, cervical & lumbar spine, knees,
– Rheumatoid hips
– Gouty • Rarely crippling
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