Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 362 views

    Consonant Sequences

    Uploaded by

    nabaa sadiq
    Consonant sequences occur when two or more consonant sounds are combined without a vowel in between. This can be difficult for some foreign learners of English like Iraqi students who are used to inserting vowels. There are many types of initial and final consonant sequences in English words. Initial sequences can include 2 consonants like "spy" or 3 consonants like "string". Final sequences are often caused by adding suffixes like -s, -ed, or -ing. Longer sequences of 3, 4, 5, 6, or even 7 consonants can occur when words are combined in phrases. Consonant sequences are a common phonological feature in English that learners must become accustomed to.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Consonant Sequences

    Uploaded by

    nabaa sadiq
    362 views11 pages
    Consonant sequences occur when two or more consonant sounds are combined without a vowel in between. This can be difficult for some foreign learners of English like Iraqi students who are used to inserting vowels. There are many types of initial and final consonant sequences in English words. Initial sequences can include 2 consonants like "spy" or 3 consonants like "string". Final sequences are often caused by adding suffixes like -s, -ed, or -ing. Longer sequences of 3, 4, 5, 6, or even 7 consonants can occur when words are combined in phrases. Consonant sequences are a common phonological feature in English that learners must become accustomed to.

    Original Title

    consonant sequences_df09464bb8c6235b7d9f99fa677d66a7

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Consonant sequences occur when two or more consonant sounds are combined without a vowel in between. This can be difficult for some foreign learners of English like Iraqi students who are used to inserting vowels. There are many types of initial and final consonant sequences in English words. Initial sequences can include 2 consonants like "spy" or 3 consonants like "string". Final sequences are often caused by adding suffixes like -s, -ed, or -ing. Longer sequences of 3, 4, 5, 6, or even 7 consonants can occur when words are combined in phrases. Consonant sequences are a common phonological feature in English that learners must become accustomed to.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    362 views11 pages

    Consonant Sequences

    Uploaded by

    nabaa sadiq
    Consonant sequences occur when two or more consonant sounds are combined without a vowel in between. This can be difficult for some foreign learners of English like Iraqi students who are used to inserting vowels. There are many types of initial and final consonant sequences in English words. Initial sequences can include 2 consonants like "spy" or 3 consonants like "string". Final sequences are often caused by adding suffixes like -s, -ed, or -ing. Longer sequences of 3, 4, 5, 6, or even 7 consonants can occur when words are combined in phrases. Consonant sequences are a common phonological feature in English that learners must become accustomed to.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 11

    Consonant Sequences

    Asst .lec. Rusul Al-Asadi


    University of Kufa
    14/6/2020
    Consonants sequence

    It means the combination of two or more consonant


    sounds without being interrupted by a vowel. For
    instance the word street./ stri:t/.

    This phenomenon causes a kind of difficulty for


    some of the foreign learners like Iraqi students
    because they used to insert a vowel between the
    sequence.
    *Ex: /sɪtri:t/
    Initial sequences
    At the beginning of English words, there may be either two or
    three consonants in sequence:
    1- sequences of two consonants initially: These are two main
    kinds:
    A. /s/ followed by one /p/ , /t/, /k/, /f/ , /m/ , /n/ , /l/ , /w/ , /j/
    e.g. spy, stay, sky, sphere, small, snow, sleep, swear, and suit.

    B. One of the /p/ , /t/ , /k/ , /b/ , /d/ , /g/ , /f/ , / ʃ/ , / Ө / , /v/ ,
    /m/ , /n/ , /h/ followed by one /l/ , /r/ , /w/, /j/.

    Note: not all these sequences are found (e.g. /pw/ , /dl/ do not
    occur.
    The full list is
    /p/ followed by /l/, /r/, j/ , e.g. play , pray , pure
    /t/ followed by /r/ , /w/, / j/ e.g. try , twice , tune.
    /k/ followed by /l/ , /r/ , /w/ , /j/ e.g. climb, cry , quite, cure
    /b/ followed by /l/ , /r/, /j/ e.g. blow , bread, beauty.
    /d/ followed by /r/, /w/ , /j/ e.g. dress , dwell (rare) , duty.
    /g/ followed by /l/, /r/ e.g. glass , green
    /f/ followed by /l/ , /r/, /j/ e.g. fly , from , few
    /Ө/ followed by /r/, /w/ e.g. throw , thwart (rare)
    /ʃ/ followed by /r/ e.g. shriek , shrink
    /v/ followed by /j/ e.g. view
    /m/ followed by /j/ e.g. music
    /h/ followed by /j/ e.g huge
    Notes about the sequence of two consonants initially

    1- In stay, sky and spy the stop cuts off the fricative.

    2- In /sw/ the lips become rounded during the /s/:


    sweet /swi:t/.

    3- In pray, play, the second is fully formed while the


    first is still being pronounced in contrast with /Ө r/
    and /ʃr/ when the second consonant cannot be
    prepared during the first: three, shrill
    2- sequences of three consonants initially

    These are : /spr , str , skr, spj, stj, skj,spl,skw/.Within


    this type of sequence the /s/ at the beginning is cut
    off by the following stop and during the stop , the
    following consonant is fully prepared (pronounced).
    Final sequences
    1. Stop+ stop: slept /slept/, rubbed /r˄bd/.
    2. Stop + nasal: button /b˄tn/ , garden, /ga:rdn/.
    3. /t,d/ followed by syllabic /l/: badly /bӕdlɪ/ ,heartless /ha:tlɪs/.
    4.Consonants+ /s,z,t,d/: weeks /wi:ks/ /, eggs /egz/, laughed
    /la:ft/.
    5. Consonant + /Ө/: tenth /tenӨ/, breadth /bredӨ/.
    6. /l/ + consonants: help /help/, else /els/.
    7.Nasal +consonants: sense /sens/, sunsed /sunst/.
    Final sequences
    - Why do we have so many sequences of the consonant
    followed by /s/ or /z/?
    Because of the way in which regular plurals are formed in
    English (i.e. by adding the letter –s or -es ; the phonemes /s/ or
    /z/ to the words to make plural form).

    -Why do we have so many sequences of a consonant followed


    by /d/ or /t/?
    Because of the way in which regular past tenses are formed in
    English i.e. by adding the letters –ed ; the phonemes /d/ or /t/ to
    the words to make the past form.
    Longer consonant sequences
    In phrases one word may end with a consonant
    sequence and the next may begin with one so that
    longer sequences such as /ƞkskl/ a quite commonly
    occur .Always there is a smooth passage from each
    consonant to the next, with no gap.

    - There are three , four, five, six and seven consonant


    sequences ( see p.77) for more examples.
    References:

     O’ Connor, J.D. (2003). Better English Pronounciation ,


    Cambridge University press.
     Ldefoged, p. and Johnson, k.(2011 ). A Course in Phonetics.
    Rosenberg. U.S.A.

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy