Venice,Italy

Project Name : Pedestrian City

Name : Venice
Population : 270,098
Area: 414 km2
Climate :Venice has A humid subtropical
climate with cool winters and very warm
summers.
Introduction
• A city in northeastern Italy sited on A group
of 118 small islands, separated by canals and
linked by bridges.
• Venice is A small city located on the
venetian lagoon in the Adriatic sea.
• The city in its entirety is listed as A world
heritage site, along with its lagoon.
• It is best known for the many waterways
which crisscross through it

Venice, Italy is considered the greatest pedestrian city in the world because it contains the largest pedestrian street network
completely free of cars. The entire city has no cars operating on its streets. The city is quite dense, yet the most relaxing and
pleasant city in the world.
GEOGRAPHY-
The historical city is divided into six areas or "sestiere" .
• CANNAREGIO- entry point for most visitors to Venice .
• CASTELLO- industrial hub.
• DORSODURO- settlement founded by fishermen .
• SAN MARCO- home of the political and the judicial
centers.
• SAN POLO- has market stalls, small shops, and local bars.
Was a commercial center for bankers and brokers.
• SANTA CROCE-named after the church of Santa Croce.
Traversed by the grand canal
 LAGOONS
• The Venetian Lagoon is the enclosed bay of the Adriatic
Sea in which the city of Venice is situated.
• Italy’s largest lagoon (550 km2). .

However, the most part of the inhabitants of Venice, as well as its economic core, its airport and its harbor, stand on the
western border of the lagoon, around the former towns of Mestre and Marghera
 URBAN PATTERN
• It incorporates a mix of transportation modes including pedestrian paths, a
rail station, ports, and internal water navigation, canals.
• Venice is ‘frozen’ into its deformed grid layout which indicates a well-defined
and easily-understood neighborhood pattern in Venice.
• Block sizes appear larger and more geometrically regular at the outer edges
of the island and smaller towards the center of the island.
• Longer, straighter streets.
TRANSPORTATION
• Taxi boat and private boats.
• Waterbuses.
• national trains.
• International airport.

• The land part of Venice functions largely without powered

vehicles. Or, really, without wheels. The city’s 438 bridges,
183 canals, impossibly narrow streets, and countless steps
make motorcycles, scooters, bicycles, wheelchairs,
hoverboards, rollerblades
• The expectation of having to walk everywhere also re-
calibrates one’s sense of space and time.

No motor vehicles are permitted on the narrow, winding lanes and streets that penetrate the old city, and the bridges are for
pedestrians only. For centuries the most common method of transport was by gondola, a flat-bottomed boat propelled by a single
oar. Today, the gondolas are used mainly by tourists; motor launches carry almost all the freight and passenger traffic in Venice
 George Town, Penang
Name : George Town
Population : 708,127
Area: 306 km2
Climate :Tropical rainforest climate

Introduction
• George town is the capital city of the Malaysian
state of Penang.
•George town acquired a large eclectic assortment of
colonial and Asian architectural styles.
•The Penang international airport links George town with
several major regional cities, while a ferry service,
the Penang bridge and the second Penang bridge connect
the city with the rest of peninsular Malaysia. Meanwhile,
George town's Swettenham pier has emerged as the
busiest port-of-call in Malaysia for cruise ships

The oldest portion of the city center has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site since 2008.Recognized as
having a "unique architectural and cultural townscape without parallel anywhere in East and Southeast Asia", George Town
contains one of the largest collections of pre-war buildings in Southeast Asia
Early plan
After urbanization plan
URBAN PATTERN
Blue and green space and access to nature:
Water
George Town is surrounded by the sea on two sides
and has a few rivers. calming and de-stressing
effect of being able to look at flowing water and
hearing it.
green space Green pedestrian Active space
Outdoor green spaces
Sustainable and green public spaces development
was identified as a feature of the city
Green space was also noted as a way to manage
urban heat
Active space: an active space where residents can
gather and exercise together
Pro-social spaces to encourage positive social Clan jetties Clan jetties
Housing scheme
interaction
Affordable housing scheme
Urban heat and climate change
The new Penang Hill Railway funicular train,
which has been in use since 2011.
bicycles as a greener transportation mode
Waterfront house stilts Laneways before and after
 Brasilia
Name : Brasilia
Population : 2.481 million
Area: 5800km2
Climate :Brasília has a tropical savanna
climate
Introduction
• Brasília is a planned city situated in the
center of Brazil’s vast and unpopulated
interior.
• This city is remarkable for a number of
reasons, not least its aero plane like street
layout planned by Lucio Costa. However it’s
the distinctive architecture that draws most
attention, and much of this was designed by
Oscar Niemeyer.
Geography- .
• Paranoá lake is a large artificial lake that
was built to increase the amount of water
available and the region's humidity
• Two distinct seasons: the rainy season,
from October to April, and a dry season from
May to September
Paranoa lake
Four basic beliefs for the ideal city:
Four Scales Of Design MONUMENTAL SCALE- wide avenues of
• Well-ventilated residences near green
six lanes (in each direction) the
spaces;
esplanade for ministries and public
• The separation of residences from
Monumental scale buildings
workplaces, with industries excluded from the
• the bus station (junction of two axis)
city proper;
• the cathedral
• Exclusive space for cultural activities, near
• the plaza of three powers
residencies; Residential scale • banks,offices,cultural area
• The separation of the circulation of vehicles
•hotel
and pedestrians.
•Amuesement section
Social scale • tv towers

Bucolic scale :
 Residential Scale
• a church,
Twin houses • a school,
Superblocks • a movie
Residential zone house,
Embasies • a youth club
• adequate
Individual residence south
field space
Individual residence south
Sub-urban residence

SOCIAL SCALE
• The bus station, airport, railways, highways
• Clubs: horse, golf, yacht
• recreational : zoo, botanical garden,
exhibition ground, sports
• The entertainment, commerce and retail
sectors • cemetary
BUCOLIC SCALE
• Brasilia park city
• gardens Designed city has four scales
Settlement Pattern Green Design
• Botanical Gardens;
▪ Row houses • The Zoological Gardens beyond.
▪ Super blocks • These two vast green spaces, symmetrically laid out in relation to
▪ Satellite towns the City’s monumental axis, will serve as the new city's "lungs“
 Eiample,Barcelona
Name : Eixample
Population : 262,000
Area: 7.8 km2

Introduction
• Eixample is one of the most iconic neighborhoods
in Barcelona and in the world. The word eixample is
Catalan for extention or expansion and it was
originally designed by the Catalan engineer Ildefons
Cerdà in the 1850s as an extension to the old city
• The main goal was using the space in the best
possible way and that is why he used a grid-like
pattern to make sure no space is wasted.
Elements Of Urban Design:
1. Eixample is 520 city blocks of parallel and
perpendicular lines:
• The uniformity and continuity of squares were
designed to eliminate segregation of all
neighborhoods. Cerdà believed in sanitary
conditions for all social classes.
• The passeig de gracia area, and a hierarchal
structure was being set.
2. Each city block has chamfered corners
• These quadrangular blocks with shaved-off
corners, or peculiar octagonal blocks, serve a
purpose. The 45º angle was
determined, eases fluidity of traffic.
3. All the blocks are oriented northwest-southwest for 4. The buildings were supposed to be as tall as 16 meters in
maximum solar access. height as to not block the sunlight for other buildings.
• The buildings are faced in a way to get excellent
exposure from of the sun.

Columns 1&2 = little sunshine. Columns 3&4 = lots.

5. The original plan was to have two parallel sides of the

block built up.
6.Inner courtyard