Questions Obtained marks Comment

Question:1 10 7 Good, keep it up.

Questions:2 10 7 Good, keep it up.

Total marks 20 14 Good, keep it up.

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT (EDU402) SOLUTION

BC200200976
SHAHBAZ SHARIF
Spring, 2020
Assignment 1(solution)
Total Marks: 20

Question: 1

Read the article carefully “Evaluation of Curriculum Development Process”

Do not copy and paste material. Write down the content in your own words.
Article is available in download section with the name “Article _Assignment 1_EDU402”
spring, 2020

a. Summarize the article in (300-500) words .

The study assess the curriculum improvement technique at secondary level. A few
indicators have proven consequences that these aren't sensible within the country
at some point of the system of curriculum development. The essence of the
success of curriculum objectives relies upon on its assessment technique in the
course of improvement. If the system indicators contain comprehensively at grass
root stage the product could be legitimate to be used. It proven that the content
material selection regarding objective consideration and with admire to the
content company is particularly crucial during the process of curriculum
improvement. The article also addresses the curriculum development system
problems which shows a significant affiliation between present system and
favored method for curriculum development. Process assessment is thought as
assure of exceptional product. The assessment of the system of curriculum
improvement performs a important role in channelizing and retaining the path of
young era at the favored way for the fulfillment of national objectives and
retaining the machine update respect to converting situation of time. We needs to
arrange the curriculum improvement manner in this kind of manner which must
put together young males and females for pursue of the better schooling as well as
 to make them capable of adjust with their practical life meaningfully and
productively are important.In literature review of the item , the curriculum is an
area of crucial importance to the professional instructor consistent with the given
article the coolest curriculum is one that sell maximum personal improvement and
stories.It also describe curriculum assessment which refers to the gathering of
statistics on which judgment might be made about the worth and the effectiveness
of a specific programme.
It additionally describe differenet models of evaluation which suggests that there
are many one-of-a-kind assessment fashions, because distinct experts have
undergone extremely special studies in learning and doing assessment and used
different values and international perspectives in reflecting on their experiences.In
order consistent with given article curriculum development is a non-stop system
and essential adjustments are element and parcel of the process. A few signs have
proven consequences that these aren't practical inside the united states all through
the manner of curriculum improvement it was also recommended that sports must
be norm related. it also advised that need assessment workshops ought to be
arranged, global changes must be considered for updating the curriculum. It also
purposed potential purchaser’s desires must take delivery of due weightage in
curriculum improvement through look at and research, public reviews have to be
invited through media for the improvement of curriculum, the recommended
curriculum have to be tested through pilot testing earlier than implementing in the
schools.Hence we can say the article suggest that Curriculum development is a
continuous process which needs changes and improvements for getting better and
desire results .

b. Suggest some evaluation models except those described in the article

1. The Tyler model (A curriculum evaluation model that takes into account
information from the active learner and pays close attention to how well
the goals and objectives of the curriculum are supported by the
experiences and activities provided)
2. The Taba model (It emphasizing inductive reasoning of curriculum)
3. Stake’s model (It looks curriculum from more scientific point of view)
4. Eisner's Connoisseurship Model (It suggest that the Evaluators should
begin by asking for whom is the evaluation intended and what does the
audience want to fmd out).
5. Stake's Countenance Model (Stake believes that the starting off point is
to detenrune the "intents" of :1 particul~ curriculum.)

(7.5 marks + 2.5 marks)

Question: 2

a. Explain the importance of philosophical and historical foundations in curriculum

development of a nation.
Philosophical foundations in curriculum development of a nation
The philosophical basis of curriculum enables decide the driving cause of schooling, as
well as the jobs of the diverse members. At the same time as all foundations advise to set
goals of curriculum, philosophy offers the way of questioning from which those goals are
created. One’s driving philosophy suggests if education ought to expand the man or
woman or put in force group norms .if it is to implement institution norms, it further
defines if that have to be the norms of the contemporary set or a pass closer to converting
those norms. philosophies range in notion of fact, ranging from absolute to relative, and
from moralistic to scientific . in all of this, one’s philosophy defines the role of the
teacher, ranging from all-knowing authoritarian to that of a mentor, and the function of
the pupil, ranging from an obedient vacant vessel to an man or woman worth of actively
undertaking one’s personal academic procedure. as we leaf through the lens of records,
we see how philosophies have received and waned in popularity in society, and the way
even mental studies is embraced, neglected, or even rejected based totally on
philosophical standings of the time.
Typically, colleges reflect several philosophies, which upload to the dynamics of the
curriculum inside the faculty/ college device. It helps solution widespread questions.
what are colleges for? •
what subjects are of cost?
how should students analyze the content?
It additionally helps us to answer specific obligations.
what textbooks to apply?
how to use them?
what & how tons of home- work to assign?
how to test and use the effects?
Historical foundations in curriculum development of a nation
Exploring the historic foundations of curriculum can promote a feel of freedom and
inspire academic reform. reviewing the history of training permits us to step out of doors
of the here and now, gaining a larger picture and seeing ourselves within it, figuring out
that the sphere of schooling must remain dynamic for you to be effective. during history,
curricular choices were made out of necessity and to satisfy the particular wishes of
society on the time. additionally, it is thru records that we see how major philosophies
have described a society’s values, which in flip determined the modern-day purposes of
training. via history, we research that packages are taken into consideration pioneering
due to the one-of-a-kind philosophies to which others subscribe. in reviewing records, it
turns into obvious that this has been the case throughout the centuries. ideas can change,
and a set can wreck freed from faulty suppositions; records indicates that what's now isn’t
necessarily what needs to stay. in records, we see why and the way matters came to be,
how the demographics of a particular committee can have longer coaching impact , and
additionally that a few traditions - consisting of grading are noticeably new ideas in the
end.
 William kilpatrick (1871- 1965) considered curriculum as a set of functional sports
which can be baby cantered. the cause of curriculum is ‘child growth & development.
Werret charters (1875-1952) stated that curriculum is a technology which is based
totally on: - students’ desires - instructors’ plan of sports & instructions in step with
Franklin bobbit (1876-1956) the curriculum is a science that emphasizes on college
students’ want, i.e., curriculum prepares for adult existence.
Hollis caswell (1901- 1989) said that curriculum is organized round social functions of
themes, prepared information and beginners’ pastimes.
Ralph tyler (1902-1994) believed that curriculum is a science an extension of school’s
philosophy.

b. Describe in detail the role of psychological foundation in curriculum development of

Pakistan.
The psychological foundation of curriculum and practise has endured to enlarge, mainly
with exponential boom in neuroscience studies. the 1990s had been titled the last decade
of the brain (clemons, 2005), and super strides had been made in the psychology of
gaining knowledge of. one might argue that it's miles the mental foundations of
curriculum which keep the best significance because it's far here that we recognize how
college students examine; how to growth student motivation and delight; how to reap
academic “success” in its many definitions. however, curriculum selections and modern-
day instructional practices in lots of schools do now not but fully include the present day
studies due to the winning philosophies held through the ones in administrative electricity
inside the discipline of training. once more, it is the philosophical basis that holds the
finest significance because it holds the best power. to advantage acceptance of research-
primarily based educational practices, we ought to not just display the success of these
practices, however also work towards converting the triumphing philosophies that affect
the attitudes of society. additionally, attaining back to the historical basis of curriculum
have a look at, we need to caution ourselves that cutting-edge studies is simply that:
contemporary. destiny psychological studies may also yield new facts. through adopting a
guiding philosophy, one does no longer become married to a selected mental or
sociological basis of notion, which history reminds us is ever-changing, and you can as
an alternative remain fluid in how one’s philosophically-primarily based desires are met.
Psychology proved a key for understanding the teaching & gaining knowledge of system.
each approaches are vital to curricularists, due to the fact it's miles most effective whilst
students research & apprehend the curriculum & benefit information & strength to apply
it, well worth of the curriculum is proved.
Theories of psychology enable us to learn about emergence of human thoughts &
behaviours
(5 marks + 5 marks)