Major Project Report PDF

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT
on
REDEVELOPEMENT OF EXISTING TOWN KISHTWAR
IN JAMMU PROVINCE OF JAMMU & KASHMIR
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CIVIL ENGINEERING
by
ROLL NO: -
GCET/009/2015
GCET/010/2015
GCET/034/2015
GCET/112/2015
GCET/144/2015
GCET/147/2015
GCET/149/2015
GCET/179/2015
Under the guidance of

Mr. MIR SHARIQ JOWWAD
Lecturer
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

GOVT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to University of Jammu)
Chak Bhalwal, Jammu- 181122
JUNE 2019
`
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled
“REDEVELOPEMENT OF EXISTING TOWN KISHTWAR OF JAMMU
PROVINCE OF JAMMU & KASHMIR”, in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of the degree Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering,
submitted in the Department of Civil Engineering, Government College Of
Engineering & Technology, Jammu, affiliated to University Of Jammu, is an
authentic record of our own work carried out during our degree under guidance
of Mr. Mir Shariq Jowwad. We also affirm that the work reported in this report
has not been submitted by us for award of any other degree or diploma.
Group Members
Sheikh Ovais Ahmed GCET/009/2015

Asif Ullah Khanji GCET/010/2015
Rohit Parihar GCET/034/2015
Basit Ali GCET/112/2015
Abid Illahi Prehnoo GCET/144/2015
Nadeem Wani GCET/147/2015
Umar Ashraf Butt GCET/149/2015
Mohammad Aslam Khanji GCET/179/2015
`
GOVT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

CHAK BHALWAL, JAMMU – 181122
(Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to University of Jammu)
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project work report entitled “REDEVELOPEMENT OF
EXISTING TOWN KISHTWAR IN JAMMU PROVINCE OF JAMMU
& KASHMIR” is the bonafide work of Sheikh Ovais Ahmed, Asif Ullah Khanji,
Rohit Parihar, Basit Ali, Abid Illahi Prehnoo, Nadeem Wani, Umar Ashraf
Butt & Mohammad Aslam Khanji who carried out the project under my
supervision. Certified further, that to the best of my knowledge the work reported
herein does not form part of any other project report or dissertation on the basis of
which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion or any other
candidate.
Signature of the HOD EXTERNAL EXAMINER
D R. SANJEEV KUMAR GUPTA

Head
Department of Civil Engineering
GCET Jammu
Signature of Guide
MR. MIR SHARIQ JOWWAD

Lecturer
Department of Civil Engineering
GCET Jammu
ABSTRACT
Kishtwar has gained the status of district in 2007-08. The growth of district is
very rapid. People from various villages continuously migrate towards the town
resulting in haphazard growth of town. This causes the formation of slums,
improper utilization of land and other natural resources, lack of basic facilities to
the people. If these resources like land, water etc. are utilized at same rate, there
will be a huge wastage of these resources which will create problems and
challenges for the present as well as future generations.
Since the district administration and commercial centre is located in the town,
there is ever growing traffic as well migration from other villages of the district.
The vehicles which have their destinations in Chhatroo, Sinthan, Padder, and
other villages also move through the current NH44 which passes through the
centre of the town. This has increased the traffic congestion in the town. The land
and other natural resources are getting depleted in inefficient way. The basic
amenities like water supply, electricity, sewerage systems, road networks etc. are
calculated for the population of the town. But due to large migrations in the town
these amenities do not meet the requirements and thus results in shortage.
In order to get rid of these challenges, proper planning of town must be done
which will distribute the land and other natural resources in best possible way for
present generation without compromising with the needs of future generation. In
our project, we found out the various problems faced by people of Kishtwar town
by collecting the data from various departments of the district & analysed the data
and then finally developed the redevelopment plan of the town.
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, we concede the surviving presence and the flourishing refinement of
Almighty for his concealed hand yet substantial supervision all through the project. We would
like to express our deepest appreciation to all those who provided us the possibility to complete
this report.
We are extremely grateful to DR. SANJEEV KUMAR GUPTA, Associate Professor

and Head Department of Civil Engineering at GCET Jammu for the encourage and support
provided during the project work.
We hereby acknowledge with deep sense of gratitude the valuable guidance,

encouragement and suggestions by our guide MR. MIR SHARIQ JOWWAD, Lecturer who
has been a constant source of inspiration throughout the project.
Also, we would like to take this opportunity to thank MR. SALVANT RAJ, Associate
Professor and all the faculty member in the Department of Civil Engineering for their direct
and indirect help rendered during the course of project work.
Last but not least, we thank our parent and all our friends, who have helped us in many
ways towards the successful completion of this report.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO
ABSTRACT i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii
LIST OF TABLES v
LIST OF MAPS vi
ABBREVATIONS vii
1. CHAPTER – 1 : INTRODUCTION 1-6
1.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISTRICT 1

1.2 LOCATION & GEOGRAPHICAL AREA. 2
1.3 TOPOGRAPHY 3
1.4 OBJECTIVE 5
1.5 SCOPE 5
2. CHAPTER 2 : POPULATIONN STATUS 6-7
3. CHAPTER 3 : REDEVELOPEMENT PLAN 8-27
3.1 RESIDENTIAL 11
3.2 COMMERCIAL 14
3.3 INDUSTRIAL 19
3.4 EDUCATIONAL/INSTITUTIONAL &

ADMINISTRATION SECTOR 21
3.5 TRANSPORTATION SECTOR AND PARKING 25
3.6 RECREATION & OPEN SPACE/AGRICULTURAL

SECTOR 27
4. CHAPTER 4 : TRAFFIC DATA 28-29
5 CHAPTER 5 : WATER SUPPLY SCHEME 30-32
5.1 HISTORY & NECESSITY 30
5.2 PROPOSAL 31
iii
6. CHAPTER 6 : IRRIGATION & FLOOD CONTROL 33-37
6.1 INTRODUCTION 33
6.2 HISTORY 35
6.3 NECESSITY 36
7. CONCLUSION 38
6. REFERENCES 39
8 APPENDICES
iv
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO TITLE PAGE NO
1. Table 1 : Land Distribution in Redevelopment Plan 11

2. Table 2 : Plot size of Residential Sector 12
3. Table 3: Plot Size of Industries (Light & Service) 19
4. Table 4 : Plot Size of Industries ( Medium & Large) 20
5. Table 3 : Parking bye laws 26
v
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES NO TITLE PAGE NO
1. Figure 1 : District Map of Kishtwar 2

2. Figure 2 : Contour Map of area under redevelopment 4
3. Figure 3 : Redevelopment Plan. 10
4. Figure 4 : Road Network Of District Kishtwar 28
5. Figure 5 : Site Plan for Water Supply 32
6. Figure 6 : Index Map of Proposed Canal 35
vi
ABBREVIATIONS
DEM - Digital Elevation Model
FCC - False Colour Composite
IRS - Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
PCU - Passenger Car Unit
CBD - Central Business District
ECS - Equivalent Car Space
GI - Galvanised Iron
DI - Ductile Iron
UIDSSMT - Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small & Medium Town
MLD - Million Litres per Day
NABARD - National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
UDAN - Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik
REC - Rural Electrification Corporation
AIBP - Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Program
MSL - Mean Sea Level
WTP/STP - Water Treatment Plant/ Sewage Treatment Plant
LPCD - Litres per capita per day
JnRUM - Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
EWS - Economically Weaker Sections
FAR - Floor Area Ratio
CBD - Central Business District
vii
Page |1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISTRICT

District Kishtwar in the past used to be an independent hill principality the
version of earlier name of Kishaswar. Located about 238 km from Jammu at a height
of 5,360 feet, Kishtwar in its ancient form Kashthavata, is first referred to in the
Rajatarangini during the reign of Raja Kalsa of Kashmir (1063–1089), when
Uttamaraja, the ruler of Kashthavata visited the court of Kashmiri king in company
with several other hill chiefs to pay their respects to the Raja. The Mehta Family was
gifted the lands of Kishtwar by the King of Kashmir. Their family temple "Hatta Wali
Mata" and their Heritage can still be tracked back to Kishtwar. The founder of this
family was the Commander-in-Chief of the Kashmir Army "Sip-E-Salar Sri Jiya Lal
Mehta". Known for his Bravery and valour he fought the Mughals and Northern raiders
who invaded the land.
Kishtwar endowed with dense forests of deodar, fir and pine is treasure of scenic
beauty. There are high altitude mountains ranging between 20,000 feet to 21,000 feet
like Num Kum, Burmah and Barnag. It offers tremendous scope for pilgrim tourism
also as some important shrines are located in the area. These include Ziarat Zain-Shah-
Sahib, Farid-ud-Din Sahib, Hazrat Asrar-ud-Din Sahib, Athara-Bhuja Devi temple,
Chandi Mata temple.
Kishtwar merged with the State of Jammu and Kashmir in 1821. With the passage of
time Kishtwar became a Tehsil of District Udhampur and remained its part till 1948,
when it became part of newly created District Doda in the wake of first reorganization
of the state during the post-independence period.
Department of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering & Technology

Page |2
1.2 LOCATION & GEOGRAPHICAL AREA.

Kishtwar, situated on a central plateau set amidst sylvan surroundings of wooded hills,
is a beautiful town located 238 km from Jammu, at an altitude of 1640 meter above
the sea level, in Kishtwar District. It is an upland valley in the north-east corner of
Jammu region and is just 107 km from the national highway resort of Batote.
Map 1 : District Map of Kishtwar
In order to avoid any starvation death sufficient stocks of food grains and other
essential commodities are stored well in advance in these areas so that the public may
not suffer on this account. Kishtwar has a lot of potential for generation of Hydro
Electric Power. One of the major power stations implemented in Kishtwar is Dul-Hasti
which was commissioned in April 2007. First it was a project, later it became a power
station.

Page |3
Kishtwar has also been provided a central school. Kishtwar is popularly known as
'Land of Sapphire and Saffron' is also very rich in forest products.
The richest forests in Jammu and Kashmir are found on the high mountains and hills
of Kishtwar. Kishtwar is linked with other parts of the state by an all-weather road,
National Highway 1-B, which remains open throughout the year. Kishtwar is also
connected with Kashmir Valley by Chhatroo-Sinthan road, which is being upgraded
into National Highway. Kishtwar is located at 33.32°N 75.77°E. It has an average
elevation of 1638 metres (5374 feet). Kishtwar town is located on a high plateau on
the bank of Chenab.
1.3 TOPOGRAPHY
Kishtwar district in the state of Jammu & Kashmir is positioned at an altitude of 5374
feet. The positional coordinates of Kishtwar district includes a longitude of 75.7667
and latitude of 33.3167. Jammu, Udhampur, Srinagar and Awantipura are the locations
from one can avail of the air services to reach the district of Kishtwar. The key
economic activity of Kishtwar district in Jammu & Kashmir is agriculture. The crops
are sold in the local markets by the farmers to earn their day-to-day living. Sheep
rearing is another major occupation of the population of Kishtwar.
Apart from its own natural splendors, Kishtwar also flaunts many adjacent tour
destinations. The name of Kutal, Dul, Keshwan, Mughal Maidan and Kwar are very
popular and inevitably come in the itinerary of tourists. Kishtwar, with its steady
economic state and cultural richness, is consistently proceeding towards becoming one
of the prominent Jammu & Kashmir districts. The monsoon hardly reaches this part of
the State which makes it a drought prone area and insufficient in food grains in
particular the Marwah-Warwan area which remains cut off for 5-6 months in a year
due to snowfall in winter.
In order to avoid any starvation death sufficient stocks of food grains and other
essential commodities are stored well in advance in these areas so that the public may
not suffer on this account.

Page |4
Kishtwar is having lot of potential for generation of Hydro Electric Power. One of the
major power projects is Dul-Hasti which is at the commissioning stage. The area
popularly known as ‘Land of Sapphire and Saffron’ is also very rich in forest products.
The richest forests in Jammu and Kashmir are found on the high mountains and hills
of Kishtwar. Kishtwar is linked with other parts of the state by an all-weather road
National Highway which remains open throughout the year. Kishtwar is also
connected with Kashmir Valley by Chhatroo-Sinthan road, which is being upgraded
into National Highway. With the up gradation of this road it will become an alternate
route for the tourists visiting Kashmir Valley. The contour map of the region which is
to be redeveloped is shown on below.
Map 2 : Contour Map of area

Page |5
1.4 OBJECTIVE
1. To identify the present problems and future challenges of Kishtwar town.
2. To provide the remedial measures to improve the quality of living standards.
3. Optimum & Efficient utilization of land & other natural resources.
1.5 SCOPE
1. To discourage the growth of town in an unplanned and haphazard way.
2. To offset the evils which have come up due to over-crowding of population

such as acute shortage of houses, traffic congestion, inadequate open spaces
and insufficiency in public amenities; etc.
3. To remove the defects of uncoordinated physical growth of the various

components of town due to the fact that it considers the entire city area or town
as planning and development entity.

Page |6
CHAPTER 2
POPULATION STATUS
Kishtwar has gained the status of district in year 2007-08. As per the census 2011 it is
the third least populous district of Jammu and Kashmir after Kargil and Leh. The total
population of Kishtwar district is 2,30,696 having density of 30/km2. Since it has
recently gained the status of district, the Urban population of Kishtwar town is very
low about 14864. But the rate of growth of Kishtwar town is very high because the
Kishtwar district is highly militant prone district, therefore people from the villages
are migrating toward the town and because of the various facilities available in the
town of Kishtwar. People prefer to live in the city rather than in the villages.
Due to these two reasons the town of Kishtwar is growing in all the directions
haphazardly. If there is no proper development plan of town, this will result in scarcity
of land and other resources in future. In order to get rid of these problems in future, we
are developing a development plan, for which population is forecasted for next fifteen
years. The present urban population of covered area for redevelopment plan is about
14865 but covered area also includes the rural areas. The present overall population of
covered area is almost 25000. For next fifteen year it can be interpolated as;
2.1 Geometric increase method
Pn = P(1+r/100) n (2.1)
where Pn is population after nth decade

P is present population
r is geometric growth rate (%)
n is the number of decades.
As per data from Census Book 2011, r = 21.06 %

P15 = 25000(1+ 21.06/100) 15
P15 = 33298

Page |7
2.2 Arithmetical Increase Method
This method is based on the assumption that the rate of change of population with time
is constant. The population after nth decade is given by;
Pn = P + nC (2.2)
Where, Pn is population after nth decades
P is present population., C is constant rate of change of population with respect to time.
Here present population is 25000 and C is equal to 5265 , putting the values we get
P1 = 25000 + (1 x 5265)
P1 = 30265
Also, P1.5 = 25000 + (1.5 x 5265)
P1.5 = 25000 +7897.5
P1.5 = 32897.5
Thus, the population of the town is estimated to be the maximum of the values
obtained by the above methods, i.e. 33298.

Page |8
CHAPTER 3
REDEVELOPEMENT PLAN
Redevelopment is not just constructing buildings; it ensures that residents of a

community are empowered to improve their quality of life and environment as a result
of sound Planning practices. Redevelopment is typically perceived as the physical
placement and regulation of land uses and structures. However, redevelopment goals
should also incorporate other aspects of community development such as design,
preservation of historic assets, public spaces, promotion of environmental justice,
environmental remediation and even issues that enhance the level of social services
provided to neighborhood residents. Necessity of Redevelopment Plan
Followings are the reasons which have led towards thinking of having a
Redevelopment Plan for the town -
1. To control the development of various industries in a systematic way.
2. To Ensure intelligent and economic spending of the public funds for achieving
welfare of the inhabitants in respect of amenity, convenience and health.
3. To arrange the pattern of a town in such a way so as to satisfy the present

requirements without introduction of future improvements by the coming
generations.
4. To discourage the growth of town in an unplanned and haphazard way.
5. To give a perspective picture of a fully developed town.
6. To place various functions which a town has to perform in physical relationship

of each other so as to avoid the chances of mutual conflict.
7. To remove the defects of uncoordinated physical growth of the various

components of town due to the fact that it considers the entire city area or town
as planning and development entity.

Page |9
8. To serve as a guide to the planning body for making any recommendations for
public improvement.
9. To limit to a certain extent the unprecedented flow of rural population to the

urban area.
10. To offset the evils which have come up due to over-crowding of population
such as acute shortage of houses, traffic congestion, inadequate open spaces
and insufficiency in public amenities; etc.
11. Since Kishtwar town has recently emerged as a district, there is better scope of
developing Redevelopment Plan for the city without much dislocations and
chances of conflicts.
12. Due to the increasing population of the town, Redevelopment Plan provides
the better option to effectively plan the future of the development of town and
to control the said evils that arise due to over population.

P a g e | 10
Map 3: Redevelopment Plan

P a g e | 11
The land distribution of various sectors is shown below in Table

Table 1 : Land Distribution in Redevelopment Plan
SECTOR AREA (in km2) %AGE
Residential 1.23 23.5
Commercial 0.21 3.82
Industrial 0.052 1
Administrative 0.052 1
Educational/Institutional 0.156 3
Traffic & Transport 0.198 3.8
Recreation 0.42 8
Open Space/ Agriculture 2.91 55.88
TOTAL 5.231 km2
3.1 RESIDENTIAL SECTOR

This is where people live. The type of housing in an area is based on residential density,
defined by Number of housing units in a unit of land; Ex:
• Low Density: Single-family homes, semi-detached homes, and duplexes

• Medium Density: Town houses, low-rise apartments
• High Density: High-rise apartments
The residential sector is shown in the redevelopment plan in blue colour. This area
serves for two purposes. For General public and for quarters for govt. employees,
labours and other professionals as shown in the Redevelopment Plan.

P a g e | 12
The total area of residential is 1.236 km2 which is 23.5 % of the total area. The area
for general public has been distributed in plots of size 100m x 100m. The area for
quarters is also shown on the map. This area is also provided with primary schools,
police stations and primary health centers for local people. Recreation centers are
provided at various places for the local public. Several public parking spaces are
provided for general use. It is assumed that each house which owns a vehicle will have
accommodation for parking their own vehicle. The road pattern provided here is
Rectangular.
The various bye laws which should be followed as per Jammu Municipal Corporation
Bye Laws are –
Minimum size plots: The minimum plot size for economically weaker section of
society may be 50 m2. Plot coverage, No. of permissible storey and setbacks are given
in the following table:
Table 2: Plot size of Residential Sector

P a g e | 13
Note:
i) No side setbacks shall be required in plots or irregular proportions/

dimensions upto the width of 30 ft. Minimum front set back of 5 ft and rear
set back of 3 ft shall be permitted in cases where depth of such irregular plots
is upto 40 ft. However, there shall be no change in permissible ground
coverage, No. of storeys and height of the building as given in the table
above.
ii) Height of each storey in a residential house should not be less than 3.0 m.
Staircase, mounty height upto 2.5 m shall be in addition to G+2 storeys
permissible.
iii) Garage/ Porch to the extent of 16.00 m2 each shall be allowed in semi-
detached and detached houses. Room over porch only on one storey shall be
allowed.
iv) Mezzanine floor shall not be allowed in residential area.
v) Basement shall not be permitted in residential plots of Govt. approved
colony. The height of basement shall not exceed 2.6 m from finished floor to
slab soft.

P a g e | 14
3.2 COMMERCIAL SECTOR

Land that is set aside for commercial activities. This includes any land use that is used
for buying, selling, or trading goods and services. Category includes all types of
wholesale, retail and service activities serving areas larger than neighborhoods.
Category includes all types of wholesale, retail and service activities serving areas
larger than neighborhoods. These are:
• Major Central Business Districts in urbanized areas - shopping, service area

with largest dept. and variety stores, specialty, shops, business and professional
services, hotels, theaters, etc.
• Minor Central Business District in less urbanized areas - market as main feature
(types: wholesale market, wet and dry market); mixed use development.
• Highway Service Centers or Commercial Strips such as highway gas stations,
motel and restaurants-extension of CBD
• Neighborhood Center – local sources of staple and convenience goods and
services; built around supermarket with convenience stores.
The commercial sector is shown in the Redevelopment Plan in red colour. The total
proposed commercial sector area is approximately equal to 0.21 km2 which comprises
of 3.82% of the total available area. Separate parking spaces are provided for the
employees and businessmen and the public. Residential quarters and hotels are also
proposed to serve for the public and employees.
Various building bye laws which must be followed as per Jammu Municipal
Corporation Building Bye Laws are as under-
3.2.1 Single Shops

Plot Area less than 100 m2
Max. Ground Coverage 80%
Max. FAR 240%
Maximum Height 12 m.
Front setback shall be governed by the building line of the road.

P a g e | 15
3.2.2 Shopping Cluster

Plot Area 100 m2 - 750 m2
Max. FAR 180%
Maximum Height 15 m.
Setbacks: - Front setbacks to be governed by the approved building line
of the abutting road. Rear setback should be 3m and side setback should
be 3m on one side only up to plot of 500 m2 & 10 ft on both sides for area
more than 500 m2.
3.2.3 Commercial Complex

Plot Area 751 m2 to 4000 m2
Max. FAR 180%
Max. Height 20 m.
Setbacks: - Front setback shall be governed by the building line or 20 ft from
the plot line whichever is more. Rear 1/3rd of the height of the building and
sides 10 ft on each side.
Plot Area More than 4000 m2
Max. FAR 200%
Max. Height 25 m.
Setbacks: - Front setback to be governed by the building line or 40 ft from the
plot line whichever is more.
Side Setback 10 ft on each side. Rear Setback 1/3rd of the height.
3.2.4 Cinemas/ Cineplex

Plot Area 0.40 hectare or 4000 m2
Max. FAR 150%
However, the height of the building should not be more than 30 m. Other
regulations as proposed in Cinematography Act shall apply in this case.

P a g e | 16
Front setback shall be governed by building line of the road or 30 ft from the
plot line whichever is more. Rear and side setbacks shall be 1/3rd of the height
of the building
3.2.5 Hotels
Plot Area 1000-2000 m2
Max. FAR 160%
Max. Height 20 m.
Plot Area 2000 m2 and above

Max. FAR 180%
Max. Height 25 m.
plot line whichever is more. Side and rear setbacks should be minimum 1/3rd
of the height of the building or 3 m whichever is more.
Parking: - Minimum 1 ECS for 3 guest rooms plus 1 ECS for 4 seats in case
of restaurant & Bar. If banquet hall is to be provided in Hotel, the prevailing
norms given in for banquet hall shall apply over and above.
3.2.6 Multiplexes
Multiplex complex shall mean an integrated entertainment and shopping
centre/ complex having at least 2 cinema halls/ PVRs. The minimum area on
which this use shall be permitted should not be less than 0.40 Hectares,
or 4000 m2.
Apart from cinema halls, the multiplexes shall also have a restaurant, fast food,
outlet, pubs, Health spas/ centers, hotels and other recreational activities. The
shopping center may have retail outlet, video games, parlours, bowling alleys,
health centers, shopping malls, office space.
Existing cinema halls can be considered for conversion into a multiplex by the
Building Permission Authority provided it has a minimum plot area
of 2500 m2.

P a g e | 17
Land Use: Multiplex may also be permitted on land earmarked for commercial
use or cinema halls in the approved Redevelopment Plans/ Development Plans.
Bye Laws:
Minimum Plot Area 4000 m2 or 0.40 hectares
Maximum Ground Coverage 40%
Maximum FAR 200%
Maximum height of Building 30 m.
Side Setbacks: - Front setback to be governed by the building line of the road
on which a multiplex is proposed. In case it is not facing any major road the
minimum front setback for a multiplex should be 12 m from the plot line. Rear
and side setbacks shall be minimum 1/3rd of the height of the structure or 6 m
whichever is minimum.
Parking: -Three level basement parking will be permissible within the complex.
Parking under the basement shall be permissible over 75% of the plot area
subject to a minimum set back of 3 m, on all sides. 15% of the basement area
shall be reserved for locating services like Generator Room, Electric Room/
Plant Room etc. Portion of the basement where these services are proposed
should be segregated suitably from the other uses so as to ensure adequate
safeguards against the hazards. Parking space to be provided within the
proposed multiplex shall be @ 2 car space for every 100 m2 of floor space.
Area to be considered under parking in basement/ stilts/ open shall be as under:
• Basement 28 m2 per car space
• Stilts 23 m2 per car space
• Open to Sky 18 m2 per car space
3.2.7 Ware Housing, Storage Vegetables & Fruit Mandis

Minimum Plot area 2.5 Hectare (25.000 m2)
Maximum Coverage 25%
FAR 100%
Max. Height 15 m.

P a g e | 18
3.2.8 Petrol Pumps

The following regulations are recommended for locating petrol pumps cum
service stations: -
3.2.8.1 Minimum distance from the road intersections
50 m on roads having road width up to 30 m
100 m on roads having road width more than 30 m.
The minimum distance to the property line of Pump from the center line of
the road should not be less than 15 m on roads having less than 30 m road
width.
3.2.8.2 Plot Size (Minimum)
Only filing station 30 m x 17 m.
Filling cum service Station minimum size 36 m x 30 m.
Frontage of the plot should not be less than 30 m.
Longer side of the plot should be the frontage.

P a g e | 19
3.4 INDUSTRIAL SECTOR

Land that is used for industry viz; Factories, warehouses, power plants, or places of
resource extraction (like mines). It includes manufacturing, refining, fabricating,
assembly, storage, parking and other incidental uses including food processing, cottage
industry, sawmills, rice mills, steel mills, chemical processing plants, etc. Also
included are the proposed industrial estates/subdivision.
The industrial region is shown by brown colour. This sector is provided in the southern
region. The proposed area for industrial region is about 0.52 km2 which is about 1% of
the total available area.
The various bye laws for industrial sector as per Jammu Municipal Corporation are as
under –
3.3.1 Flatted Group Industry and Service Centre

Minimum Plot Area 2000 m2
Maximum FAR 120%
Maximum height 15 m
3.3.2 Light and Service Industry:
Table 3: Plot Size of Industries (Light & Service)

P a g e | 20
3.3.3 Extensive Industry (Medium & Large Industry)
Table 4 : Plot Size of Industries ( Medium & Large)
Note:
i. Single Storey building with basement is allowed. Basement shall be below

the ground level and the maximum extent of the ground coverage and shall
not be counted in FAR.
ii. In case of truss, height of building should be adjusted/ relaxed.
iii. Height relaxation can be considered by the content authority for specialized
industries requiring more height.

P a g e | 21
3.5 EDUCATIONAL/INSTITUTIONAL & ADMINISTRATION SECTOR

Land that covers the major public and semipublic uses like educational, cultural,
religious, health, protective and government services. It is occupied by schools,
hospitals, government offices, and places of worship.
Educational/Institutional Sector is shown on the Redevelopment Plan by sky blue

colour. Primary educational centres are provided in the residential sector. Separate
space is provided for higher education like higher secondary schools, colleges etc. The
total area covered by education sector is about 0.156 km2 which is about 3% of the
total available area.
Administrative sector is shown in purple colour. The total area covered is about
0.52km2 which is about 1% of the total available area.
Various Bye Laws which must be followed are as under –
3.4.1 Government Offices

Max. FAR 175%
Max. Height 15 m
plot line whichever is more. Rear and side setbacks shall be minimum 1/3rd of
the height of the building.
Note:
1. The integrated office complex shall include Central Govt. Offices, local
Govt. offices, public sector undertaking offices, courts and other Govt.
offices, institutions.
2. Basement upto the building envelops to the maximum extent of 75% of the
plot area shall be allowed and if used for parking and services & should not
be counted towards FAR.

P a g e | 22
3.4.2 Educational
3.4.2.1 Nursery School
Maximum FAR 50%
Maximum height 9 m
Front setback shall be governed by the building line of the road or
20 ft from the plot line whichever is more. Rear and side setbacks should
be 3 m.
3.4.2.2 Primary School
Maximum FAR 75%
Maximum height 15 m
Setbacks: -Front set back shall be governed by the building line of the road
or 20 ft from the plot line whichever is more. Rear and side setbacks should
be 1/3rd of the height of the building.
3.4.2.3 Middle School
Maximum FAR 100%
Maximum height 15 m
Front setback shall be governed by the building line of the road or 30 ft
from the plot line whichever is more. Rear and side setbacks should be 1/3rd
of the height of the building.
3.4.2.4 High/ Higher Secondary School
Maximum Ground Coverage 25% including Hostel/ Residential
accommodation for staff
Maximum FAR 100%
Maximum height 18 m

P a g e | 23
Setbacks: - Front set back shall be governed by the building line of the road
3.4.2.5 College
Maximum Ground Coverage 25% including Hostel/ Administration.
Block/ Residential accommodation for staff
Maximum FAR 100%
Maximum height 18 m
Setbacks: - Front set back shall be governed by the building line of the road
3.4.3 Health
3.4.3.1 Hospital
Minimum Plot Area m2
Maximum FAR 100%
Maximum height 18 m
3.4.3.2 Health Center/ Nursing Home
Maximum FAR 100%
Maximum height 15 m
3.4.4 Facilities and Amenities
3.4.4.1 Religious Premises
Plot Area 500 m2
Maximum FAR 60%
Maximum height 11 m (Excluding minars, shikahrs and Domes)

P a g e | 24
3.4.4.2 Police Post:

Plot Area 500 m2
Maximum FAR 70%
Maximum height 12 m
3.4.4.3 Police Station/ Fire Station
Plot Area 10000 m2
Maximum FAR 100%
Maximum height 15 m

P a g e | 25
3.6 TRANSPORT ATION SECTOR AND PARKING

3.5.1 Roadways
Land that is used for moving people and goods from one place to another. It
includes sidewalks, roads, highways, subways, streetcars, railroad tracks, freight
yards, airports, marinas and any other land that is used for transportation.
The existing link roads in the region are shown by

The Existing National highway in the region is NH44 which is shown by
The proposed bypass road for Chhatroo-Sinthan region has been shown by
the bypass road proposed for Padder-Killar region is shown by
The new link roads which are to be provided are shown by
The existing highway NH44 is two lane single carriageway which is insufficient.
This has to be widened to 4-lane dual carriageway with each carriageway of width
7.5 m. The bypass roads proposed shall be two-way single carriageway but
provision should be made for future expansions. The new link roads shall be single
carriageway two-way of minimum width of 7.5 m. The road network provided in
the residential sector shall be single carriageway single lane with shoulder of 1 m
on both sides. A separate bus stand is also proposed for the bypass road as shown
on the plan.
3.5.2 Airport
As per UDAN scheme, an airport has been allotted to the district Kishtwar. We
have proposed a suitable site shown in the development plan. The Available
airstrip is around 2302 m long. It is aligned along the wind direction of the region.
Terminal buildings, Parking spaces, Hangers, Control Towers and Sufficient
taxiways are provided. The approach zone on the both ends of airstrip are open
spaces free from any construction.
3.5.3 Parking
Separate parking spaces are provided for Commercial, Administrative,
Institutional Sectors shown in yellow colour.

P a g e | 26
Several parking places are also provided in the residential region for general use.
For example, near Religious places, Primary health centres, Daily needs etc. The
various bye laws governing parking spaces are given as –
Table 3: Parking bye laws

P a g e | 27
3.7 RECREATION & OPEN SPACE/AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

Recreational centres are provided in the various sectors like residential,
Administrative, Institutional. It is shown by green colour. In the residential sector the
recreational centres like parks, sports clubs, Swimming pools etc. are provided at such
places so that it is at manageable distances from their places. The recreational space
accounts for about 8% of the total available area. Besides this, the district has various
tourists’ spots like Sinthan-Top, Mughal Maidan etc.
Agricultural/Open Space are also shown by green colour. The agricultural, open space
accounts for about 48 % of the available area. Since it is a hilly region there is dense
forest cover in the region which is not taken in our Redevelopment Plan.
District Kishtwar also has large national park known as Kishtwar National Park. The
area comprises of about 400 km2 and altitude ranges from 1700 m to 4800 m above
MSL. Based on revised classification of Champion and Seth (1968), some 13
vegetation types are represented. In general, silver fir and spruce, mixed with
cedar (Deodar) and blue pine are predominant from 2,400m to 3,000m. Notable is the
small expanse of chilgoza pine in the Dachan Range. At lower altitudes (1,700-
2,400m) occur nearly pure stands of cedar and blue pine, and moist temperate
deciduous forest, represented by horse chestnut, walnut, maple, poplar, hazel, bird
cherry, ash and yew. The sub-alpine zone, from 3,000m to the tree line at 3,700m,
supports mostly silver fir and birch forest and this merges with birch -
rhododendron scrub, above which is alpine pasture. Among the animals that make their
home here include the Himalayan snowcock and the brown bear.

P a g e | 28
CHAPTER 4
TRAFFIC DATA
The road network in Kishtwar is shown below. Despite connecting to various villages
of Kishtwar district, it connects;
• Kashmir through Sinthan-Anantnag Road

• Himachal Pradesh though Paddar -Killar-Surangani Road
• Doda, Bhaderwah, Batote and Jammu through NH44
Map 4: Road Network of District Kishtwar

P a g e | 29
There are large number of religious places in Kishtwar, therefore both Muslim and
Hindu visit shrine and yatras respectively every year. This results in increase in traffic
flow of Kishtwar road.
With the development of proposals “Singpore-Vailoo Tunnel” reducing distance

between Kishtwar and Kashmir and “Sudhmahadev-Dranga Tunnel” reducing the
distance between Kishtwar and Udhampur & Jammu Region, the traffic flow is going
to rise at higher rates. Thus, there is need to take initiatives to lay bypass roads as soon
as possible.
As per the data taken from Road and Traffic Office Kishtwar the traffic flow of
Kishtwar is about 10000 PCU/day at present. But if interpolate it for next fifteen Year
with 8% growth rate by using formula;
A=P(1+r) n
Where n is number of years,
r is growth rate
P is present traffic volume
A is traffic volume at nth year
Putting the values, the population is calculated as -
A15=10000(1+.08)15
A15=31721 PCU/day
According to IS code SP 48, the road should be 2 lanes both ways. Due to hindrance
on the sides of existing highway in town, it is difficult to widen the existing road. In
order to make a smooth traffic flow we have proposed two bypass roads.
Vehicles which have their destinations in Padder-Killar region will pass through the
bypass road without hindering the main city. Vehicles which have to go to Chhatroo,
Sinthan, Anantnag and other villages and having nothing to do with the main city will
take another bypass and thus reducing the traffic congestion in the main city.

P a g e | 30
CHAPTER 5
WATER SUPPLY SCHEME
5.1 HISTORY & NECESSITY

Kishtwar Town being District headquarter is an urban center of 261 villages falling
under the jurisdiction of this district. Water supply scheme Kishtwar town was
commissioned in early nineties which presently meets the part requirement of the
inhabitants of the Kishtwar Town and its adjoining rural area. The existing water
sources of the scheme are two no nallahs and one no spring. The spring and nallah
“Lahalla” have almost depleted. The distribution system laid is of GI Pipes of sizes
ranging from 15 mm dia to 80 mm dia which is very old, worn out and inadequate to
carry the designed flow. Due to execution of “Dul-Hasti Power Project” and
investigation of other hydro project, the town has expanded in all directions.
Moreover, due lo acute militancy in the rural area of this district, most of the people
have migrated and settled in this town. In short, the increase in population and
development of new hamlets in the town have tremendously contributed in the rapid
growth of the town and thus increasing the demand of water supply.
Also, on the other hand the availability of water continued decreasing due to persistent
draught. As the rural area of this district is much affected with militancy and as such
much security forces are deployed in this area. On account of the old & inadequate
carrying capacity of the pipes laid in Kishtwar Town, the complaints of inadequate &
contaminated water supply are quite common and these have to be attended on SOS
basis.
To overcome the deficit caused due to above reasons, i.e. subsequent increase in
population, necessity has arisen to formulate a new water supply scheme with per
capita demand of 135 lpcd under UIDSSMT.

P a g e | 31
5.2 PROPOSAL
Kishtwar Town has been divided into nine zones i.e. Zone 1 to Zone 9. Since the spring
source at “Gudrashnag” and nallah at “Lahalla” has depleted, so it has been proposed
to discard these two sources being very old and their nature of continuously depleting.
The other nallah source “Naigadh” has adequate discharge to meet up the water
requirement of ultimate stage for the town. One gravity line comprising DI. Pipe 250
mm dia-12500 m, and 200 mm dia - 20000 m has already been laid for this town from
the nallah source at “Naigadh”. So, it has been proposed to lay another parallel gravity
line comprising DI Pipe(K-9) 300mm/250mm/200mm compound dia 32500m (As per
designed requirement) to meet up the balance requirement of town up to the ultimate
stage.
Thus, the raw water shall be tapped and carried up to the proposed water treatment
plant of capacity 40 MLD near Upper Zewaur Semina. Water after treatment at newly
proposed WTP of capacity 4.0 MLD and existing WTP of capacity 2.30 MLD shall be
collected in the clear water reservoirs and further conveyed by gravity to the Zonal
proposed OHR/GSRS, proposed to be constructed in different zones as per the
requirement of intermediate stage. From the proposed OHR/GSRs, the clear water
shall be further supplied to the public by gravity through.

P a g e | 32
Map 5 : Site Plan for Water Supply

P a g e | 33
CHAPTER 6
IRRIGATION & FLOOD CONTROL
6.1 INTRODUCTION
The state of Jammu & Kashmir has been endowed with huge aqua resources which
manifest in the form of perennial rivers, nallahs, lakes and springs. These sources have
been exploited for a multitude of activities in various fields viz. agriculture, industries,
tourism navigation etc. from times immemorial and in recent past for power generation
etc. The water potential borne by the state has helped its inhabitants in amelioration of
their economic upliftment. Many notable achievements have been made in the state
during the progress of planned harnessing of these water bodies, however, a
considerable magnitude of the potential still remains to be fathomed owing to fiscal
implications.
Notwithstanding the fact that the state is unable to exploit these sources for the
betterment of its subjects to the fullest extent due to limited budgetary provisions, the
Central Government has been helping the state through centrally sponsored schemes
in a phased manner through a number of its programs viz.: AIBP, NABARD,
JnNRUM, REC, etc. for proper utilization of the water bodies of the state
Chenab valley is one region of the state which is tantalizingly very rich in aqua wealth.
The state is focusing on utilization of these sources for power generation with the help
of national enterprises on one hand and for development of infrastructure in irrigation
sector.
The need for production of sufficient food grains for the increasing population has put
a tough challenge to the economists of the Nation. Some of the measures initiated to
enhance the production of food grains are sowing of high breed varieties of seeds,
using improved quality of fertilizers and the mechanical means for farming.

P a g e | 34
All these measures can prove fruitful for enhancing the production of food grains if
assured adequate irrigation facilities are provided
The state of J&K faces acute shortage of food grains and these have to be imported
from other states of the country to meet the demand. The food grains are being supplied
to the public at subsidized rates causing serious setback to the economy and over-all
development of the state. However, every effort is being made to produce adequate
food grains locally by providing adequate irrigation facilities.
In this regard, apart from stabilizing of existing irrigation commitments of the farmers
throughout the state. The manuscript in hand deals about one such scheme namely
"Naigarh Canal".
The proposed Naigarh Canal is located in a famous town of the Chenab Valley namely
Kishtwar which lies between N 33018' 18" to 33° 22' 12" and E 75° 44’24" to 75046'
30" with an average elevation of 1625m above MSL. The town is situated 255 kms
from winter capital Jammu on national highway NH18. The canal is proposed to take
off from “Naigarh Nallah” which is a tributary of Chenab River. The nallah emanates
from a snow bound mountain range & is a perennial nallah with rich glacier source.
The proposed headworks of the proposed canal is situated at distance of 25 km from
the town at village “Bhatton”. The envisaged command of the scheme is 4895 acres.
This will substantially help in ameliorating the economic standing of an otherwise

pathetically impoverished agrarian community of about 54546 souls inhabiting in
about 10 villages of district Kishtwar.

P a g e | 35
Map 6: Index Map of Proposed Canal
6.2 HISTORY
The command envisaged under the proposed canal was irrigated by various zamindari
“Khuls” taking off from tributary nallahs of river Chenab. The archaic system failed
owing to being located in hilly area with poor maintenance. In order to provide assured
irrigation facilities to the command, a canal was constructed earlier by the department
for irrigation purposes which has now become defunct owing to erosion of head reach
up to village “Baghna”. The remains of the canal can still be seen in and around village
“Baghna”. The scheme was taken up for execution in 1950 where under a command
of 5000 acres and a canal length of 26.15 km was envisaged. The scheme was
abandoned in 1958 after incurring an expenditure of Rs. 28.00 lacs. The canal was
constructed up to RD 9780m and in segments there onwards up to RD 12000m.

P a g e | 36
The abandonment was more so owing to inadequate expertise, lack of geological,

geotechnical and morphological data. The financial investments were not
economically viable. The scheme was reassessed in 1961 where under tunnels, covered
channels, pipe conduits were proposed.
A project report was submitted in 1973 estimated at a cost of Rs. 3.39 crores which
however could not be implemented probably because of such a huge cost in a
predominantly hilly and not so prominent area. Now that the Central Loan Assistance
is readily available for construction/ improvements/modernization of canals for
arranging adequate irrigation water facility for optimum production of agricultural
produce, a scheme for construction of a water conductor for irrigation benefits in the
area has been envisaged. The people of the area as beneficiaries have been imploring
the department for toking necessary steps to remake a worthwhile water conductor for
irrigation.
6.3 NECESSITY
The contribution of agriculture sector towards the GDP of a country/state is too
worthwhile to be forsaken. This sector while ameliorates substantially the economic
status of an involved agrarian populace on one hand, it adds to the state exchequer by
way of accrual of irrigation water tax on the other hand It generates thousands of man
days as employment to the local as well as non-state labour force. There is less drain
of public money towards import of edibles and consequently more money is spared for
infrastructural development. The purchasing power of the beneficiaries of irrigation
systems also leaps up thereby enabling them to enjoy the facilities furnished by the
modern living. There is less unrest among the population having enough to fill their
bellies and still spare enough to barter against facilities which make the present day
living comfortable.
The command area of the proposed canal inhabits people with agriculture as the
foremost important occupation. There are no institutions/industries established in the
area which could provide substantial employment though an unnoticeable chunk of the
local population in engaged in public or minor self-employed enterprises. This
scenario culminates into a situation where in agriculture sector figures as priority one

P a g e | 37
for any consistent development of the area. Having said so, the agriculture cannot be
sustained through archaic methods of cultivations like dependence on natural rains,
absence of quality seeds no or meagre use of fertilizers and de-weeding agents, chance
cropping etc. Even if other factors are improved, only assured adequate irrigation
facilities can fructify results.
The irrigation facilities can be ensured through a well oriented irrigation network in
the command alone which is currently non-existent in the area.
Keeping in view its continuous use and utility in fulfilling the irrigation commitments
of the command, it is expediently exigent to establish an irrigation system so that the
intended objectives of the large scale investment in the establishment of the scheme
are realized in conjunction with socio-economic upliftment of the beneficiary agrarian
community that too when the source of the scheme is tantalizingly so rich in discharge.
The intended objectives of the envisaged scheme are multi-parlous. Providing

irrigation facilities, augmenting existing drinking water supplies, generation of
electricity, employment to skilled/non-skilled labour during construction stage,
employment via sowing, harvesting and other agrarian activities post construction
stage, financial returns etc. are a few areas whereby the scheme is bound to establish
itself a benchmark.

P a g e | 38
CONCLUSION
District Kishtwar has very vast area of about 7737 km2. The terrain of the district is
mostly hilly. The Kishtwar town is somehow on a flat plateau. This feature
differentiates the town from the rest of the district. Kishtwar has recently emerged as
a district, the development took in a small region of the town which contained the
administration offices. Since there was no proper planning, commercial & Residential
growth took place in the same region. This resulted in high traffic congestion and
haphazard growth in the area. The resources like land, water, electricity, road network
etc. are estimated for the population of the town. But due to migrants from villages of
district and the excessive police & army, the population has increased which is not
taken into account for estimation of resources. There is still large open area in the town
which is not yet developed. But there is need to develop this remaining open area in
proper manner. If no planning is done there will be haphazard growth in the whole
town and land will get wasted. Also, there will be large traffic congestion in the town
which will make the life of citizens miserable.
Thus, to raise the quality of living standards of the citizen the redevelopment planning
of the town is necessary. Bypass roads are provided for diversion of traffic from the
main city which will decrease the traffic congestion. The town is divided in different
sectors (as shown on redevelopment plan) which will give a perspective picture of a
fully developed town. Since the major region of the town is still open space there is
better scope of developing Redevelopment plan for the city without much dislocations
and chances of conflicts.

P a g e | 39
REFERENCES
1. Department of PHE of District Kishtwar of Jammu Division of state Jammu

and Kashmir.
2. District Kishtwar census book of India 2011
3. Google Earth Map
4. Road and Transport office of District Kishtwar Jammu Division of state Jammu
and Kashmir.
5. Department of Municipal Committee of District Kishtwar of Jammu Division
of state Jammu and Kashmir.
6. Department of Irrigation of District Kishtwar of Jammu Division of state
Jammu and Kashmir.
7. Department of Kishtwar Development Authority of District Kishtwar, Jammu
Division of state Jammu and Kashmir.
8. Jammu development authority Bye Laws of Jammu Division of state Jammu
and Kashmir
9. Wikipedia: URL - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kishtwar_National_Park
APPENDICES

Major Project Report PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Major Project Report PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Major Project Report PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MAJOR PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Under the guidance of

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

We hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled

“REDEVELOPEMENT OF EXISTING TOWN KISHTWAR OF JAMMU

PROVINCE OF JAMMU & KASHMIR”, in partial fulfillment of the requirement

for the award of the degree Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering,

submitted in the Department of Civil Engineering, Government College Of

Engineering & Technology, Jammu, affiliated to University Of Jammu, is an

Sheikh Ovais Ahmed GCET/009/2015

GOVT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Certified that this project work report entitled “REDEVELOPEMENT OF

EXISTING TOWN KISHTWAR IN JAMMU PROVINCE OF JAMMU

which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion or any other

Signature of the HOD EXTERNAL EXAMINER

D R. SANJEEV KUMAR GUPTA

MR. MIR SHARIQ JOWWAD

We are extremely grateful to DR. SANJEEV KUMAR GUPTA, Associate Professor

We hereby acknowledge with deep sense of gratitude the valuable guidance,

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

1. CHAPTER – 1 : INTRODUCTION 1-6

1.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISTRICT 1

2. CHAPTER 2 : POPULATIONN STATUS 6-7

3. CHAPTER 3 : REDEVELOPEMENT PLAN 8-27

3.4 EDUCATIONAL/INSTITUTIONAL &

3.5 TRANSPORTATION SECTOR AND PARKING 25

3.6 RECREATION & OPEN SPACE/AGRICULTURAL

4. CHAPTER 4 : TRAFFIC DATA 28-29

5 CHAPTER 5 : WATER SUPPLY SCHEME 30-32

5.1 HISTORY & NECESSITY 30

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1. Table 1 : Land Distribution in Redevelopment Plan 11

FIGURES NO TITLE PAGE NO

1. Figure 1 : District Map of Kishtwar 2

DEM - Digital Elevation Model

FCC - False Colour Composite

IRS - Indian Remote Sensing Satellite

PCU - Passenger Car Unit

CBD - Central Business District

ECS - Equivalent Car Space

MLD - Million Litres per Day

NABARD - National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development

UDAN - Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik

REC - Rural Electrification Corporation

AIBP - Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Program

MSL - Mean Sea Level

WTP/STP - Water Treatment Plant/ Sewage Treatment Plant

LPCD - Litres per capita per day

JnRUM - Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission

EWS - Economically Weaker Sections

FAR - Floor Area Ratio

CBD - Central Business District

1.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISTRICT

Department of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering & Technology

1.2 LOCATION & GEOGRAPHICAL AREA.

Map 1 : District Map of Kishtwar

Department of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering & Technology

Department of Civil Engineering Govt. College of Engineering & Technology