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Multi-Function Device - 2.2.3 - Unit-1

A multifunction router combines several networking functions into one device for small office and home office (SOHO) networks. It typically includes a modem, firewall, switch, wireless access point and can perform tasks like DHCP, DNS, network address translation, and port forwarding. The router directs network traffic, provides security and controls IP addressing. It allows multiple devices to share a single internet connection provided by the home network owner's Internet Service Provider.

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Dave Chapelle
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101 views

Multi-Function Device - 2.2.3 - Unit-1

A multifunction router combines several networking functions into one device for small office and home office (SOHO) networks. It typically includes a modem, firewall, switch, wireless access point and can perform tasks like DHCP, DNS, network address translation, and port forwarding. The router directs network traffic, provides security and controls IP addressing. It allows multiple devices to share a single internet connection provided by the home network owner's Internet Service Provider.

Uploaded by

Dave Chapelle
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.2.

3
Multifunction device- Combined router/switch

A router that does more than just forward traffic. It includes functions such as
switch ports, firewall, spam filter, intrusion protection and hardware-based
encryption.

Multifunction Routers
What are the functions of a modern router? Apart from dial-up, a PC can't
connect directly to the internet. Actually, a dial-up runs through the phone
company's routers, too.

Small Office Home Office is the term for small network setups. Your ISP may provide
a "router", which is actually a multi-function device.

A SOHO router contains a modem, a firewall, a switch, a wireless access point, and can
also do network storage, DHCP, DNS, and Network address translation services. Some
can also set up a DMZ or do port forwarding. Soho routers usually have a GUI interface,
that's easy to use compared to an industrial-sized Cisco router. Usually you open the
browser, and point it to the gateway. 192.168.0.1 or 192.168.1.1 is common.

Routers have their own operating system with hardware drivers and adjustable settings.
These features vary with manufacture and model.

The Modem interfaces between the Internet Service connection, be it DSL, Cable,
cellular, or what-have-you. This may or may not be built into your router.

The Router directs traffic between your network and the larger network of your ISP. It
directs traffic where it should go, and prevents packets from being sent to the wrong
places. "Gateway" is the best term for this.

Switching is the ability to direct packets to different machines on a network. It can also
run traffic to separate routers below the switch.
DHCP servers handle the IP addresses within the network. SOHO routers can do this,
or a separate server can be set up. If hosting a website, you need to buy a static IP
address to go with your URL, and the server needs a static IP under your router to be
found every time. Actually there are services like Dyndns and No-ip that can help you if
your DNS name stays the same.

A reserved IP is a saved address for one machine, so if another machine was


dynamically assigned the address, it will be kicked off in favor of the reserved machine
when it's connected.

Network Address Translation is also handled by the router. The outside and inside IP
addresses are converted here.

Firewall is restricting traffic from both inside and outside the network. It can be
configured to block certain ports, or types of traffic. It can also be scheduled to work at
different time windows. Filtering is tied in to this function.

FTP server. Some SoHo routers come with a USB port for an external hard drive. It can
be used for shared storage on your network.

Wireless Access. This portion provides radio connection for private or public use.
Security measures can be adjusted with the router interface.
DMZ is the demilitarized zone setting. It separates machines into high and low security
areas. A web server can be put in the DMZ so it can be seen on the internet, but your
other machines are behind the firewall. If the web server is broken in to, it can't be used
to trash the other machines.

Port forwarding is separation of traffic on a network. An http web server would be set
up for port 80, mail on port 25.
Port triggering is pretty simple once you know what port forwarding is. Port Triggering
is port forwarding with an on/off switch for the ports that have been forwarded. This
on/off switch is turned on or off by data flowing out of a trigger port.

Let's say that there is a port triggering rule configured in the router. This port triggering
rule says when data flows out on port 50 forward port 80. In the picture above you see
data flowing from a computer to the internet on port 50.

The router sees the traffic coming out of the router on port 50, and evaluates it's
triggering rules. The router then forwards port 80 to the computer that sent out the data
on port 50. It's important to realize that port 80 can only be forwarded to one computer
at a time. If two computers were trying to send data out on port 50, there would be a
conflict. What happened after that really depends upon which router you are running.
One thing is for sure, port 80 would not be forwarded to both computers.
http://portforward.com/help/porttriggering.htm

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