SET A UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF SOUTHERN PHILIPPINES

C.M. Recto Avenue, Lapasan, Cagayan de Oro City

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
Mathematics of Measurement – Preliminary Examination
ANSWER KEY
GENERAL DIRECTION: Solve the following problems as directed.EXTRA SHEET IS NOT ALLOWED ANDNO BORROWING OF
CALCULATORS TOO! DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS QUESTIONNAIRE!
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter ONLY that corresponds to the correct answer in the test booklet provided.
If the answer is not found in the choices, write E. (2 pts each)
___B__1) How many base units are there in the International System of Units (SI System of Units)?
A) 4 B) 7 C) 22 D) 6
___B__2) Which of the following is NOT a unit from “US Customary System of Units”?
A) Pound B) Lux C) Fahrenheit D) Mile
___B__3) Which one refers to the consistency and agreement of the independent measurements of the same quantity?
A) Error B) Precision C) Accuracy D) Exactness
___E__4) Which of the following statements is TRUE about accuracy, precision, and error in measurement?
A) A precise measured quantity always implies an accurate measurement.
B) The best estimate in a repeated measurement is the median of all recorded measured values.
C) The uncertainty of a repeated measurement is the standard deviation of all recorded measured values.
D) Error is the result of uncertainty in a measuring process.
___C__5) Which interval contains at least one root in the equation x 3−2 x 2+2=0?

A) [ 0,1 ] B) [ 0,2 ] C) [ −1,0 ] D) [ −2 ,−1 ]

II. PROBLEM SOLVING: SOLVE the following problems as directed. SHOW COMPLETE AND NEAT SOLUTION.
mL
1) A faucet drips at a rate of 10 . How many liters of water will be wasted per day? (5 points)
min
Solution:

mL 60 min
Convert minutes to day: 10 (
min 1 hr )( 241hours
day )=14,400
mL
day

mL 1 0−3 L L
Convert milliliter to liter: 14,400 (
day 1mL )
=14.4
day
CONCLUSION: There are 14.4 liters of water wasted per day.

2) Three types of cylindrical pipes are measured using a measuring tape. Pipe A has a length of 1 ×1 0−2 km, while Pipes
B and C have lengths of 362.40∈¿and 5.68 ×1 0−3 mi, respectively. Which pipe is the longest? (10 points)
Solution:

1 03 m
Pipe A: 1 ×1 0−2 km ( 1 km )
=10 m Pipe C: 5.68 ×1 0 mi
−3
( 5,280
1 mi
ft
)( 1m
3.28 ft )
≈ 9.14 m

Pipe B: 362.40∈¿
CONCLUSION: Pipe A is the longest among the three types of cylindrical pipes.

3) The radius of a marble is measured using a Vernier caliper and these are the recorded lengths:
6.42 cm ,6.35 cm , 6.53 cm, 5.98 cm,∧6.46 cm. (20 points)
(a) Compute the mean/average length of the radius of the marble.Round off your answer to 2 decimal places.
Solution:

x́=
∑ x = 6.42+6.35+6.53+ 5.98+6.46 cm≈ 6.35 cm
n 5
CONCLUSION: The average length of the radius of the marble is approximately 6.35 cm

(b) Calculate the standard error σ x́ of the recorded lengths. Round off your answer to 2 decimal places.
Solution:
s 0.21580083410404
σ x́ = = cm ≈ 0.10 cm
√n √5
CONCLUSION: The standard error of the average length of the marble’s radius is roughly 0.10 cm .
(c) Estimate the “true length” of the marble’s radius in the form ( x́−σ x́ ) cm ≤True Length ≤ ( x́ +σ x́ ) cm.
Solution:
( 6.35−0.10 ) cm≤ True Length ≤ ( 6.35+0.10 ) cm
6.25 cm≤ True Length ≤ 6.45 cm
CONCLUSION: The true length of the marble’s radius lies between 6.25 cm and 6.45 cm, inclusive.
(d) Calculate the relative uncertainty and relative error in measuring the radius of the marble if its expected/theoretical
value is 6.30 cm.
GIVEN: EV =6.30 cm
Solution:
σ
| || || |
RU =
U
MV
= x́ ≈
x́
0.10
6.35
≈ 0.016∨1.6 %

MV −EV 6.35−6.30 0.05

ℜ=|
EV | | 6.30 | | 6.30 |
= ≈ ≈ 0.008∨0.8 %

CONCLUSION: The relative uncertainty and relative error of the measurement are 0.016 and 0.0 08,
respectively.

4) The relative error of measuring the temperature of a room is 5.3 %. What is its lowest measured value if the theoretical
room temperature is 20 ° C ? (5 points)
GIVEN: ℜ=5.3 %=0.053; EV =20 ° C
Solution:
MV =EV ± ( ℜ ) ( EV )=20 ± ( 0.0 53 ) ( 20 )
M V 1=20+ ( 0.0 53 ) ( 20 )=21.6 ℃
M V 2=20−( 0.053 )( 20 ) =18.94 ℃
CONCLUSION: The lowest measured temperature of a room is 18.94 ℃ .

5) An oil tank in the shape of a right circular cylinder has a volume of 100 π cubic feet. If regulations for such tanks
require that the radius plus the height must be 30 feet, the equation that gives the oil tank’s length of the radius x feet,
according to standard regulation, is given by
f ( x )=x 3−30 x 2 +100=0.
Use the bisection method of finding the root of the equation f ( x )=0 to find the length of the radius x feet of the oil tank.
Conduct multiple iterations to estimate the root of the above equation, with ∈s=10 % . Find the absolute relative
approximate error at the end of each iteration.Use x l=0 and x u=3 as your initial boundaries and round off your final
answer to the nearest hundredths. (10 points)

Given: ( x l , x u ) =(0,3) ϵ s=10 %

3 2
f ( x )=x −30 x +100
Solution:

(i) f ( x l ) =f ( 0 ) =100>0

f ( x u ) =f ( 3 ) =−143<0

Since f ( 0 ) ∙ f ( 3 ) <0 , then there is a root/solution on (0,3).

Iteration Sign of
( xl , xu ) xm |ϵ a|
Number f ( xl ) f ( xm) f ( xu )
1 (0,3) 1.5 + +¿ −¿
 2 (1.5,3) 2.25 + −¿ −¿ 33.33%
3 (1. 5 ,2 . 25) 1.875 + + −¿ 20%
4 (1. 8 75 ,2 . 25) 2.0625 + −¿ −¿ 9.09% ¿ 10 %

Conclusion: The length of the radius of the cylindrical oil tank is approximately 2.06 feet , with ϵ s=10 % .