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Comparison of Properties of Alkali Metals and Halogens

This document compares the properties of alkali metals from Group 1 and halogens from Group 17. Both groups are highly reactive but alkali metals are electropositive and form cations while halogens are electronegative and form anions. Alkali metals are strong reducing agents that react vigorously with water, while halogens are strong oxidizing agents that generally do not react with water. Reactivity decreases down each group as physical properties like melting points also decrease down Group 1 but increase down Group 17.

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Binu Kumar S
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2K views1 page

Comparison of Properties of Alkali Metals and Halogens

This document compares the properties of alkali metals from Group 1 and halogens from Group 17. Both groups are highly reactive but alkali metals are electropositive and form cations while halogens are electronegative and form anions. Alkali metals are strong reducing agents that react vigorously with water, while halogens are strong oxidizing agents that generally do not react with water. Reactivity decreases down each group as physical properties like melting points also decrease down Group 1 but increase down Group 17.

Uploaded by

Binu Kumar S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comparison of properties of alkali metals and halogens

Group 1 (IA) Group 17 (VIIA)

Metals Non-metals

Highly reactive, electropositive, form Highly reactive, electronegative, form


cations (M+)(M+) anions (X−)(X−)

Strong reducing agents Strong oxidising agents

One valence electron, similar chemical Seven valence electrons, similar chemical
properties, gradation in physical properties, gradation in physical
properties properties

Covalent compounds with non-metals and


Form electrovalent compounds.
Hydrogen, electrovalent compounds with
Example, NaCl, CaO
metals. Example, HCl, CCl44

React vigorously with water and acids to Generally do not react with dilute acids or
liberate H2H2 water

Reactivity/metallic nature increases Reactivity/non-metallic nature decreases


down the group down the group

Low electron affinity values and low High electron affinity values and high
ionization energies decrease down the ionization energies decrease down the
group group

Melting and boiling points decrease Melting and boiling points increase down
down the group the group

F, Cl – gases, bromine – liquid, iodine-


Shining white, solid metals, low density
solid

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