Axis Bank Limited: (ICRA) AAA (Stable) Assigned To The Infrastructure Bonds Programme Summary of Rating Action
Axis Bank Limited: (ICRA) AAA (Stable) Assigned To The Infrastructure Bonds Programme Summary of Rating Action
Axis Bank Limited: (ICRA) AAA (Stable) Assigned To The Infrastructure Bonds Programme Summary of Rating Action
The rating for the Basel III Compliant Additional Tier-I (AT-I) Bonds is one notch lower than the rating for the Basel III
Compliant Tier II Bonds of Axis Bank Limited (ABL) as these instruments have the following loss-absorption features that
make them riskier.
• The coupon payments are non-cumulative and discretionary, and the bank has full discretion at all times to cancel
the same. The cancellation of discretionary payments shall not be an event of default.
• Coupons can be paid out of the current year’s profits. However, if the current year’s profit is not sufficient or if the
payment of the coupon is likely to result in a loss, the coupon payment can be made through the reserves and
surpluses created through the appropriation of profits (including statutory reserves). However, the coupon payment
is subject to the bank meeting the minimum regulatory requirements for common equity tier I (CET-I), Tier I and
total capital ratios (including capital conservation buffer, CCB) at all times, as prescribed by the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) under Basel III regulations.
These AT-I bonds are expected to absorb losses through a write-down mechanism at the objective pre-specified trigger
point fixed at the bank’s CET-I ratio as prescribed by the RBI, 5.5% till March 2020, and thereafter 6.125% of the total risk
weighted assets (RWAs) of the bank or when the point of non-viability (PONV) trigger is breached in the RBI’s opinion.
The letters hyb, in parenthesis, suffixed to a rating symbol stand for hybrid, indicating that the rated instrument is a
hybrid subordinated instrument with equity-like loss-absorption features; such features may translate into higher levels
of rating transition and loss severity vis-à-vis conventional debt instruments. The rated Tier II bonds under Basel III are
expected to absorb losses once the PONV trigger is invoked.
Rationale
The highest credit quality ratings of the bank’s debt instruments are supported by its strong position in the Indian
financial system with a 5.67% share in banking sector advances. Further, the bank the capitalisation levels improved in
Q2FY2020 with CET-I at 13.82% (as against 11.68% as on June 30, 2019 & 11.71% as on September 30, 2018) following
the conclusion of the equity capital raise via the qualified institutional placement (QIP). The earnings profile remains
supported by the strong operating profitability, driven by healthy net interest margins (NIMs) and fee income. However,
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the same is offset by the high credit provisions on stressed assets, which led to a below average net profitability.
Nevertheless, with exception to a one-time tax impact in Q2FY2020 as well as expected reduction in the credit
provisions, ICRA expects the net profitability to improve from the levels witnessed during the last few years. ABL’s
resource profile continues to be supported by a high share of current account and savings account (CASA) deposits
though the recent performance, in terms of CASA growth, has been below the system average. This led to a decline in
the share of CASA deposits for the bank, even though it remains strong at 41.3% of total deposits as on September 30,
2019. Over the last few quarters, the increased focus on the scaling up of retail term deposits led to a steady increase in
the bank’s cost of interest-bearing funds.
The annualised rate of fresh gross slippages continued to remain on an upward trend and remained high at 4.10% (of
standard advances) in Q2FY2020, as compared to 3.97% (of standard advances) in Q1 FY2020 and 3.28% in FY2019,
which remained above the private banks’ average as well as that of peer rated banks. This remains a key rating
challenge. The asset quality improved marginally (gross NPA and net NPA of 5.39% and 2.14%, respectively, as on
September 30, 2019, compared to 5.70% and 2.22% as on June 30, 2019 and 7.49% and 3.77%, respectively, as on March
31, 2018), although it continues to remain weaker in comparison to peer rated banks. Given the high slippages in H1
FY2020 and the sizeable watchlist of stressed accounts as of September 2019, ICRA expects the fresh gross slippages to
remain high at 2.7-3.0% in FY2020 and credit costs to remain elevated at 1.3-1.4% of average total assets (ATA) in
FY2020. This, in turn, can keep ABL’s return metrics muted at 0.7-0.8% of ATA in FY2020 (excluding the one-time tax
impact). In such a scenario, the recoveries and upgrades, which remained strong in FY2019 would remain a key
monitorable in the near term, being a key driver of the bank’s net profitability. During H1FY2020, slippages of Rs.9,781
crores, was covered by recoveries and upgrades of Rs.4,390 crore and write-off’s of Rs.6,109 crore, which helped contain
overall stock of GNPA to remain at Rs.29, 071 crore as on September 30, 2019 as against Rs.29,789 crore as on March 31,
2019.
The ratings for the additional AT- I bonds are one notch lower than the rating on the Tier II instruments, given the
distinguishing features of these bonds as explained earlier. The distributable reserves that can be used for servicing the
coupon in a situation of inadequate profits or a loss during the year, stood at a comfortable 6.8% of RWAs as on
September 30, 2019. The rating on the Tier I bonds continues to be supported by the bank’s sound capitalisation profile
and expectations of improved profitability going forward.
Credit strengths
Strong position in financial services sector – The bank’s net advances stood at Rs. 5,21,594 crore as on September 30,
2019, reporting a YoY growth of ~14% (~13% YoY growth in FY2019). This, however, was lower than the private sector
banks’ YoY growth in net advances of 15.5% as on September 30, 2019. Although this is likely to improve following the
capital infusion, that was concluded only towards the end of Q2FY2020. ABL is the third-largest private bank and fifth
largest in the overall Indian banking sector with ~5.67% share in advances in the banking sector. ABL, through its
subsidiaries, has a presence in investment banking, asset management and securities broking in the domestic financial
services sector.
ABL’s net advance growth was largely driven by a 23% YoY growth in retail advances and 7% YoY growth in the
corporate segment as on September 30, 2019. On the other hand, the SME segment grew at a slower pace of 2% on a
YoY basis as on, given the impact on slowing economic conditions on this segment. As on September 30, 2019, the
corporate segment constituted 36% of ABL’s overall advances (40% as of March 31, 2018) while retail advances
constituted 52% (47%) and SME advances accounted for 12% (13%). The bank’s share of the total banking sector credit
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remained increased from 5.52% as on June 30, 2019 to 5.67% in Q2FY2020, indicating its strong position in the Indian
financial system. Continued credit growth in corporate sector lending by the bank, which, coupled with continued
growth in the retail and SME segments, is expected to drive growth in ABL’s loan book by more than 10-11% in FY2020.
Capital cushions improve following QIP– ABL’s capitalisation ratios improved following the QIP of ~Rs.12,500 crore
(2.11% of RWA as on September 30, 2019) in Q2FY2020, which helped in an improvement in CET-I, Tier-I and CRAR to
13.82%, 15.03% and 18.23% (as a percentage of RWA’s) as on September 30, 2019 as against 11.68%, 12.90% and
16.06% as on June 30, 2019. The capital infusion helped improve capital cushions resulting in a stronger capital position.
With weak internal capital generation, the bank’s capital ratios during the last three years were supported by a capital
raise of Rs. 8,654 crore in December 2017, the conversion of share warrants of Rs. 2,563 crore in Q1 FY2020 and
subsequently a QIP of Rs.12,500 crore in Q2FY2020. Despite the impact of weak profitability on internal capital
generation, capital consumption on account of estimated growth in advances of 10-11% in FY2020, ABL is likely to
remain strongly capitalised with a Tier I capital cushion of more than 5.0% over the regulatory minimum levels 1 by
March 31, 2020. Going forward, ABL’s ability to gradually improve profitability, generate growth capital internally and
maintain strong capital cushions will remain a key rating monitorable.
Profitability improving although prospects remain dependent on ability to contain asset quality issues – Supported by
a 12.5% growth in advances, the net interest income (NII) grew by 17% in FY2019 to Rs. 21,708 crore from Rs. 18,618
crore in FY2018 and was Rs. 11,945 crore in H1 FY2020 (Rs. 10,399 crore in H1 FY2019) supported by a 14.4% YoY
growth in net advances over the same period. The NII growth was much higher in FY2019 because of relatively lower
slippages in FY2019 compared to FY2018 leading to lower interest reversals in FY2019. The net interest margins (NIMs;
as a percentage of ATA) witnessed a steady improvement with the same inching up to 2.91% in FY2019 (from 2.88% in
FY2018) and further to 2.97% in Q1 FY2020 which continued to improve to 3.08% in Q2FY2020, on the back of
favourable interest spreads. Despite the improvement, NIMs remained below the levels seen in FY2017 (3.17%) as well
as the private sector average because of higher net NPA and higher leverage.
Going forward, on the back of a sizeable capital raise and expectations of lower net NPA, NIMs are expected to improve
though the same remains dependent on the bank’s ability to keep slippages at lower levels. Given the relatively high
provision coverage ratios (PCRs) and steady improvement in NII and core fee income, the overall profitability is likely to
improve, even though achieving a return on assets (RoA) of 1.0% can be a challenge in the near term, particularly
following the one time tax impact in Q2FY2020. ICRA expects slippages to remain at elevated levels of 2.7-3.0% due to
the sizeable watchlist besides the high slippages witnessed in H1 FY2020. This, in turn, is likely to keep the bank’s credit
costs high at 1.3-1.4% of ATA, which will impact its profitability and keep the overall return metrics muted at 0.7-0.8%
of ATA in FY2020.
Credit challenges
Asset quality remains below average on account of high slippages and high GNPA levels – In H1FY2020, the bank
reported a sharp increase in gross slippages at Rs. 9,781 crore, as compared to slippages of Rs.6,758 crore in H2FY2019
and Rs.7,114 crore in H1FY2019, leading to a spike in the annualised rate of fresh NPA generation to 4.05% in
H1FY2020. However, despite the high slippages, recoveries and upgradations of Rs. 4,390 crore and write-offs of Rs.
6,109 crore offset the increase in gross NPA. Consequently, gross NPA (as a percentage of gross customer advances)
reduced to 5.39% as on September 30, 2019 from 5.70% as on June 30, 2019 and was lower than 7.49% as on March 31,
2018, although it remained higher than the private sector bank’s average of 4.27%. Further, the PCR (excluding write
1 Regulatory minimum Tier I requirement as on March 31, 2020 is 9.5% including CCB of 2.5%
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offs) remained stable at 61.69% as on September 30, 2019 compared to 62.46% as on June 30, 2019, although it was
higher than 51.56% as on March 31, 2018. As a result, net NPA (as a percentage of net customer assets) reduced to
2.14% as on September 30, 2019 from 2.22% as on June 30, 2019 and 2.28% as on March 31, 2019 and remained lower
than 3.77% as on March 31, 2018. Even though the provision cover for ABL remains similar to private bank averages,
the net NPA was higher than the private bank average of 1.68% as on September 30, 2019.
Further, ABL’s standard stressed exposures (companies rated BB and below) reduced to 1.1% of gross customer assets
as on September 30, 2019 from ~2% as on September 30, 2018. In addition to BB and below exposures, in Q1 FY2020,
the bank identified exposures to certain stressed corporate groups across various sectors, a part of which were included
in the BB and below list. It also has non-funded exposures to these BB and below exposures and stressed groups. Given
the large slippages in H1 FY2020 and the sizeable value of stressed accounts, ICRA expects the slippages to remain
elevated in FY2020 at 2.7-3.0% of standard advances.
Going forward, given the existing stock of NPAs, the extent of recoveries would be a key monitorable in the near term
and could be a key driver of the bank’s net profitability. Equity capital raise in Q2FY2020 helped improve the solvency
profile (Net NPA’s to Core equity) from 15.81% as on June 30, 2019 to which stood at 13.49% as on September 30, 2019,
but still continued to remain lower than peer rated banks. Going forward, high slippages in H2FY2020 and associated
credit costs could prevent significant improvement in solvency levels beyond existing levels. Nevertheless, the bank’s
strong operating profitability is likely to provide coverage against higher credit costs thereby enabling it to lower net
NPA.
Muted growth in CASA deposits leading to higher increase in cost of interest-bearing funds related to peers – Despite
adding ~350 branches in FY2019, ABL’s CASA base witnessed a marginal degrowth of 0.2% on a YoY basis as on March
31, 2019. This was mainly due to a sharp decline in current account deposits and muted growth in savings account
deposits, which remained in contrast to the stronger growth trend registered by the private sector average and peers.
Further, the YoY growth in CASA deposits stood at 8.2% as on September 30, 2019, which was lower than the peers and
private bank average of ~15.6%. This was however offset by strong growth in retail term deposits with the quarterly
average balance growing at a healthy 36% to Rs. 2,16,083 for Q2FY2020 from Rs. 1,58,789 crore for Q2FY2019.
Consequently, the contribution of the lower-cost CASA to total deposits declined to 41% as on September 30, 2019
from 44% as on March 31, 2019 and was significantly lower than 54% as on March 31, 2018. Nevertheless, the bank’s
CASA as well as the sizeable retail term deposit base remains a credit positive in light of the high granularity of the
depositor base. The decline in CASA has resulted in a gradual increase in the cost of interest-bearing funds to 5.48% in
Q2 FY2020 and 5.49% in Q1FY2020 from 5.11% in FY2019. Moreover cost remained higher on a YoY basis as well, with
cost of interest bearing funds at 5.25% in Q2FY2019. Despite the increase in cost, ABL continues to operate at a lower
cost than the private sector average though the cost differential between the two continues to narrow. As on
September 30, 2019, ABL’s CASA remained only marginally better than the private sector bank average of ~40%.
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Rating sensitivities
Negative triggers – ICRA could assign a Negative outlook or downgrade the ratings if there is a material weakening in the
bank’s liability franchise, thereby impacting its resource profile. This apart, a deterioration in the asset quality or capital
position, leading to the weakening of the solvency profile with Net NPA / CET of >15% on a sustained basis, could be a
negative trigger. Further, sustained RoA <1.0-1.1% and/or if the capital cushions over the regulatory levels fall below 4%
at the CET-I and Tier I levels on a sustained basis, will remain negative triggers.
Analytical approach
Analytical Approach Comments
Applicable Rating Methodologies ICRA Rating Methodology for Banks
Parent/Group Support
Not applicable
To arrive at the ratings, ICRA has considered the standalone financials of Axis Bank
Standalone/Consolidated
Limited
Incorporated in December 1993, Axis Bank Limited (ABL) is a private sector bank. The bank’s promoter group includes
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), Specified Undertaking of the Unit Trust of India (SUUTI), General Insurance
Corporation of India, The New India Assurance Company Limited, National Insurance Company Limited, The Oriental
Insurance Company Limited and United India Insurance Company Limited, which collectively held 15.71% of the shares as
on December 31, 2019 compared to 26.36% as on March 31, 2018.
As on September 30, 2019, the bank had the third-largest network of branches among private sector banks with 4,284
branches and an international presence through branches in DIFC (Dubai), Singapore, Hong Kong, Colombo, Shanghai,
representative offices in Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Dhaka and Dubai, an offshore banking unit in GIFT City and an overseas
subsidiary in the United Kingdom (UK).
For FY2019, ABL reported a net profit of Rs. 4,677 crore on total assets of Rs. 8.01 lakh crore as on March 31, 2019
compared to a net profit of Rs. 276 crore in FY2018 on total assets of Rs. 6.91 lakh crore as on March 31, 2018. In H1
FY2020, the bank reported a net profit of Rs. 1,258 crore compared to a net profit of Rs. 1491 crore in H1 FY2019. As on
September 30, 2019, it reported capital adequacy of 18.23% (Tier I of 15.03% and CET-I of 13.82%).
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Key financial indicators (audited) - Standalone
FY2018 FY2019 H1 FY2019 H1 FY2020
Audited Audited Unaudited Unaudited
Net interest income 18,618 21,708 10,399 11,945
Profit before tax 122 6,974 2,201 4,511
Profit after tax 276 4,677 1,491 1,258
Net advances 4,39,650 4,94,798 4,56,121 5,21,594
Total assets 6,91,330 8,00,997 7,30,423 8,09,294
% Net interest margin / Average total assets 2.88% 2.91% 2.93% 2.97%
% Net profit / Average total assets 0.04% 0.63% 0.42% 0.31%
% Return on net worth 0.46% 7.19% 4.64% 3.34%
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Rating history for past three years
Current Rating (FY2020) Chronology of Rating History for the Past 3 Years
Rated 23- FY2019 FY2018 FY2017
Sr. Amount
Name of Instrument amount January 28-Sep
No. Type Outstanding 27-Dec- 23-Feb 21-Jun 21-Apr 21-Nov 18-Oct 2-Jun
(Rs. 2020 2019 10-Oct-18 29-Jun-18
(Rs. crore) 18 2018 2017 2017 2016 2016 2016
crore)
Infrastructure [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA]
1 Bonds/Debentures Long Term 17,205 16,705 AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA
Programme (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable)
[ICRA]
Infrastructure
AAA
2 Bonds/Debentures Long Term 5,000 - - - - - - - - - - -
(stable);
Programme
assigned
Certificates of [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA]
2 Short Term 60,000 -
Deposit Programme A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+ A1+
[ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA]
Basel III Compliant
AA+ AA+ AA+ AA+ AA+ AA+ AA+ AA+
3 Tier I Bonds Long Term 7,000 7,000 - - -
(hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb)
Programme
(stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable)
[ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA]
Basel III Compliant
AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA
4 Tier II Bonds Long Term 16,350 11,580
(hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb) (hyb)
Programme
(stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable)
[ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA] [ICRA]
Lower Tier II Bonds
5 Long Term 5,925 5,925 AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA AAA
Programme
(stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable) (stable)
Fixed Deposit Medium MAAA MAAA
6 - - - - - - - - - - -
Programme Term (stable) (stable)
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Analyst Contacts
Karthik Srinivasan Anil Gupta
+91 22 6114 3444 +91 124 4545 314
karthiks@icraindia.com anilg@icraindia.com
Relationship Contact
L. Shivakumar
+91 22 6114 3406
shivakumar@icraindia.com
info@icraindia.com
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