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Permeability: Civil Engineering Department Soil Mechanics

Civil Engineering Department discusses soil permeability. [1] Permeability is the ability of soil to allow water to flow through its pores or voids. [2] It affects settlement, dam stability, slope stability, and more. [3] Darcy's Law describes permeability and hydraulic conductivity, which is a measure of how easily a fluid will flow through pore spaces or fractures.

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66 views

Permeability: Civil Engineering Department Soil Mechanics

Civil Engineering Department discusses soil permeability. [1] Permeability is the ability of soil to allow water to flow through its pores or voids. [2] It affects settlement, dam stability, slope stability, and more. [3] Darcy's Law describes permeability and hydraulic conductivity, which is a measure of how easily a fluid will flow through pore spaces or fractures.

Uploaded by

JQ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Civil Engineering Department

Soil Mechanics

Permeability
Soil Properties

Physical Properties Mechanical Properties

Gradation and Structure


Bearing Capacity

Soil-Water Relationships

Compressibility
Atterberg’s Limits

Shear Strength
Soil Compaction

Permeability
Definition

Permeability is the measure of the soil’s


ability to permit water to flow through its
pores or voids
Applications

• Rate of settlement under load


• Dams
• Stability of slopes
• Filters
Bernoulli’s equation

2
P v
h   Z
γ 2g
Elevation
Total Dynamic Head
Head Head
Pressure h: total head
Head P: water pressure
γ: unit weight of water
v: velocity of water
g: gravity acceleration
Z: elevation head
Bernoulli’s equation

The seepage flow velocity in soil is very small.

Therefore, the dynamic head (velocity head) can be neglected.

So that the total head at any points is:

P
h Z
γ
Hydraulic Gradient

h
i
L
Hydraulic Gradient Vs. Velocity

In most soil flow is laminar

vi
Darcy’s Law
vi

v -k i
Negative sign refers to the Hydraulic Conductivity
hydraulic gradient that is
negative.
(i.e. total head decreases
in the direction of flow)
Flow Rate

Darcy’s Velocity L

v -k i q
Flow Rate A

q -k i A
Seepage Velocity (True Velocity)

v
vs 
n
Hydraulic Conductivity

Typical Values for Hydraulic Conductivity

Soil cm/s
Hydraulic Conductivity

Hydraulic conductivity of soils depends


on several factors:
• Fluid viscosity
• Pore size distribution
• Grain size distribution
• Void ratio
• Degree of soil saturation
Hydraulic Conductivity

γw
k K
η
γw = Unit weight of water
η = Viscosity of water
K = Absolute permeability (L2)
Hydraulic Conductivity with Temp.
Determination of Hydraulic
Conductivity in the Lab
Constant Head Test Falling Head Test
Constant Head Test

V qt
V  vAt
V -k i At
h
V -k At
L
L
k  V
Ath
Falling Head Test
Empirical relations for k, granular
soils
Empirical relation for k, cohesive
soil

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