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    Assingment Pharma

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    Cagabcab Canibel Melany
    Pharmacology is the science of drug interactions within living systems. It involves the study of substances that interact with the body through chemical processes like binding to regulatory molecules. There are three main measurement systems used in pharmacy: the metric, apothecary, and avoirdupois systems. The metric system uses the meter, liter, and gram and is a decimal system. The apothecary system measures weight in grains, scruples, drams, and ounces and volume in minims, fluid drams and fluid ounces. The avoirdupois system exclusively measures weight in ounces and pounds.

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    Assingment Pharma

    Uploaded by

    Cagabcab Canibel Melany
    38 views2 pages
    Pharmacology is the science of drug interactions within living systems. It involves the study of substances that interact with the body through chemical processes like binding to regulatory molecules. There are three main measurement systems used in pharmacy: the metric, apothecary, and avoirdupois systems. The metric system uses the meter, liter, and gram and is a decimal system. The apothecary system measures weight in grains, scruples, drams, and ounces and volume in minims, fluid drams and fluid ounces. The avoirdupois system exclusively measures weight in ounces and pounds.

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    Pharmacology is the science of drug interactions within living systems. It involves the study of substances that interact with the body through chemical processes like binding to regulatory molecules. There are three main measurement systems used in pharmacy: the metric, apothecary, and avoirdupois systems. The metric system uses the meter, liter, and gram and is a decimal system. The apothecary system measures weight in grains, scruples, drams, and ounces and volume in minims, fluid drams and fluid ounces. The avoirdupois system exclusively measures weight in ounces and pounds.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    38 views2 pages

    Assingment Pharma

    Uploaded by

    Cagabcab Canibel Melany
    Pharmacology is the science of drug interactions within living systems. It involves the study of substances that interact with the body through chemical processes like binding to regulatory molecules. There are three main measurement systems used in pharmacy: the metric, apothecary, and avoirdupois systems. The metric system uses the meter, liter, and gram and is a decimal system. The apothecary system measures weight in grains, scruples, drams, and ounces and volume in minims, fluid drams and fluid ounces. The avoirdupois system exclusively measures weight in ounces and pounds.

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    1. What is pharmacology?

    (5 points)
    Answer: Pharmacology is a science of drug interactions between living
    systems & molecules introduced from outside the system. Study of substances that interact with living
    systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or
    inhibiting normal body processes.
    2. What are the 3 systems of measurement? Give examples for each. (30 points)

    Answer:

    Metric System- is a system of measurement that uses the meter, liter, and gram as base units of length (distance),
    capacity (volume), and weight (mass) respectively. 

    The metric system is a decimal system with all multiples and divisions based on a factor of 10. This system is
    also the most commonly used system of measurement for pharmacy calculations, as it allows for quick and
    easy conversions between different systems of measurement. When using the metric system to convert
    from smaller to larger, a person would simply move the decimal to the appropriate number of places to the
    left. When
    converting from larger to smaller, a person would move the decimal the necessary number of places to the
    right.
     micro ( 1 / 1,000,000 of 1 unit )
     milli ( 1 / 1,000 of 1 unit )
     centi ( 1 / 100 of 1 unit )
     kilo ( 1,000 times 1 unit )
     Example
    1km = 1000m = 10,000dm= 100,000cm
    1mi= 1760yd= 5280ft = 63,360in

    Apothecary System

    The apothecary system is one of the three systems of measurement used in pharmacy calculations, which
    uses weight and volume as divisions of measurement. This includes measurements of ounces, gallons, pints
    and quarts. Traditionally, this system originated as the system of weights and measures for dispensing and
    prescribing medications for apothecaries, the historical pharmacists, and alchemists. Today, pharmacists still
    commonly use the apothecary system as their main system of measurement.
     APOTHECARY WEIGHT TABLE
    20 GRAINS = 1 SCRUPLE
    3 SCRUPLES = (60grains)= 1 drachm or dram
    8 drachms (480grains) = 1 ounce
    12 ounces (5760 grains ) = 1 pound
    1 pound = 5760 grains

     Apothecaries’ Volume:
    20 minims = 1 fluid scruple (fl scruple)
    60 inims = 3 fluid scruples = 1 fluid dram
    61 480 minims = 24 fluid scruples = 8 fluid drams = 1 fluid ounce
    7,680 minims = 384 fluid scruples = 128 fluid drams = 16 fluid ounces = 1 liquid pint
    2 liquid pints = 1 quart (qt) = 32 fluid ounces
    8 liquid pints = 4 quarts = 1 gallon (gal) = 128 fluid ounces
     Example: if a prescription calls for gr ii thyroid desiccated tablets and the pharmacist has gr ss tablets in
    stock, how many tablets of gr ss should be provided?
    gr ii = 2 grains
    gr ss = ½ grain
    2 divide ½ = 4 tablets of gr ss
    Answer: 4 tablets of gr ss
    Avoirdupois System

    The avoirdupois system is similar to the apothecary system, however, the avoirdupois system exclusively
    measures weight based on 16-ounces equaling 1 lb. This system of measurement is the everyday weight-
    measuring system most people recognize. In pharmaceutical measurements, the avoirdupois system is
    useful for measuring bulk quantities when buying or selling, including over-the-counter pharmaceuticals and
    chemicals.

     Avoirdupois Weight: US (UK pre 1824)

    1 grain (gr) = 0.06479891 grams (g) = 64.79891 mg

    1 gram = 15.4323584 grains


    1 dram (dr) = 27.34375 grains = 1.7718452 grams
    1 ounce (oz) = 16 drams = 437.5 grains = 28.3495 grams
    16 ounces = 256 drams = 7000 grains
    = 453.592 grams = 1 pound (lb)
    1 pound (lb) = 0.453592 kilogram (kg)
    1 kilogram (kg) = 2.204622 pounds (lb)

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