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Evaluation of Output of An LTI System Using Convolution: Avishekh Shrestha

This document summarizes an experiment on evaluating the output of a linear, time-invariant system using convolution. The experiment involves convolving an input signal with an impulse response signal to obtain the output signal. Specifically, [1] an exponential decay function is used as the input signal and an exponential increase function is used as the impulse response, [2] the convolution integral is calculated by integrating the product of the input and time-shifted impulse response, [3] plotting the input, impulse response, and output signals shows that convolution allows calculating the output for any input given the impulse response of the system.

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38 views

Evaluation of Output of An LTI System Using Convolution: Avishekh Shrestha

This document summarizes an experiment on evaluating the output of a linear, time-invariant system using convolution. The experiment involves convolving an input signal with an impulse response signal to obtain the output signal. Specifically, [1] an exponential decay function is used as the input signal and an exponential increase function is used as the impulse response, [2] the convolution integral is calculated by integrating the product of the input and time-shifted impulse response, [3] plotting the input, impulse response, and output signals shows that convolution allows calculating the output for any input given the impulse response of the system.

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Evaluation of Output of an LTI System Using

Convolution
Avishekh Shrestha
072BCT507
Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering
Pulchowk Campus
Lalitpur,Nepal
072bct507.avishekh@pcampus.edu.np

Abstract—This experiment focuses on the Digital Signal Initially, the characteristics of the two signals were studied by
Processing technique, Convolution and its application in the plotting the waveforms of the two signals. Then the convolution
evaluation of the output of a linear, time-invariant continuous- integral was calculated. The convolution integral was then calculated
time system. The experiment illustrates this signal processing for varying time-shifts and the integral evaluated at a particular
technique by the convolution of an input signal and an
exponential response signal to give the output signal and
instance of time-shift gave the value of system output y(t) at that
analyses the result by plotting the waveforms of input signal, time instance. Continuing this for all values of time in the continuous
impulse response as well as the output signal. time interval, we get the values of y(t) at each instance of time and
ultimately obtain the definition of the system output signal.

I. INTRODUCTION IV. CODE


Convolution is the process of combining two signals to form a
resulting third signal. In Linear, time-invariant continuous
system, the output signal y(t) is related to the input signal x(t) tmin=0;
by a convolution integral, which is the integral of the product of tmax=4;
the input signal and the flipped and time-shifted impulse dt=0.01;
response. If the impulse response of an LTI system is known, t= tmin:dt:tmax;
then output for any input signal can be evaluated by finding the
convolution integral. x1 = exp(-0.7*t).*(t >=0 & t<=2);
x2 = exp(0.7*t).*(t >=2 & t<=4);

II. THEORY
x3 = conv(x1,x2);
In an LTI system with input f(t) and impulse response g(t), we
get the output y(t) as follows: n3 = length(x3);
t1= 0:1:n3-1;

subplot(3,1,1);
plot(t,x1);
xlabel('time(t)');
ylabel('x1(t)');
Here, * is the convolution operator. title('signal x1(t)');
An impulse response of an LTI system is the output of the
system when the input is d(t) where d(t) is the unit impulse subplot(3,1,2);
signal also called the delta function. Convolution operation on plot(t,x2);
two signals mainly involves time inversion and time shifting of xlabel('time(t)');
one signal and the continuous-time integral of the product of the ylabel('x2(t)');
flipped and shifted signal with the second signal. title('signal x2(t)');

III. CONVOLUTION OF TWO SIGNALS subplot(3,1,3);


A. Observation plot(t1,x3);
The signals under experimentation in this lab are: xlabel('time(t)');
1. Exponential decay function which is the input ylabel('x3(t)');
signal to the system. title('signal x3(t)');

x1(t) = e-0.7t 0<t<2


2. Exponential increase function which is the
impulse response of the system.

x2(t) = e-0.7t 0<t<2


C. Graph
V. CONCLUSION
In this experiment to study the convolution of signals, it was concluded
that the output of an LTI system can be calculated by convolution
integral if its impulse response is known and an input signal is
provided.

VI. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my thankfulness to my respected teacher
Dr. Nanda Bikram Adhikari for providing with the opportunity to
self-study and analyze the signal properties in MATLAB.
Moreover, I would also like to be thankful to my friends for
helping me whenever I got problems during this lab.

VII. REFERENCES
Figure 1: Input Signal
[1] Kreyszig,E., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics” Wiley, New
York, pp. 522-526, Feb 2018
[2]“https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/fft.html”Access
ed on Jan 2018.Online

Figure 2: Input Signal

Figure 3: Output Signal

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