AoPS Community 2006 National Olympiad First Round

National Olympiad First Round 2006

www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c4361
by xeroxia

– May 7th

1 Let ABC be an equilateral triangle. D and E are midpoints of [AB] and [AC]. The ray [DE cuts
the circumcircle of 4ABC at F . What is |DE|
|DF | ?
√ √ √
(A) 12 (B) 33 (C) 23 ( 3 − 1) (D) 23 (E) 5−1
2

2 If p and p2 + 2 are prime numbers, at most how many prime divisors can p3 + 3 have?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5
an−1
3 a1 = −1, a2 = 2, and an = an−2 for n ≥ 3. What is a2006 ?
1 1
(A) − 2 (B) − 1 (C) − 2 (D) 2 (E) 2

4 There are 27 unit cubes. We are marking one point on each of the two opposing faces, two
points on each of the other two opposing faces, and three points on each of the remaining
two opposing faces of each cube. We are constructing a 3 × 3 × 3 cube with these 27 cubes.
What is the least number of marked points on the faces of the new cube?
(A) 54 (B) 60 (C) 72 (D) 90 (E) 96

5 Let D be a point on the side [BC] of 4ABC such that |AB| + |BD| = |AC| and m(BAD)
\ =
m(DAC) = 30 . What is m(ACB)?
\ ◦ \

(A) 30◦ (B) 40◦ (C) 45◦ (D) 48◦ (E) 50◦

2 3 2006
6 What is the sum of 3 + 32 + 32 + 32 + · · · + 32 in mod 11?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 5 (E) 10

How many positive integers are there such that 10 ? (bxc denotes the greatest integer
m m
7 11 =
not exceeding x.)
(A) 44 (B) 48 (C) 52 (D) 54 (E) 56

8 Let d1 and d2 be parallel lines in the plane. We are marking 11 black points on d1 , and 16 white
points on d2 . We are drawig the segments connecting black points with white points. What is

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AoPS Community 2006 National Olympiad First Round

the maximum number of points of intersection of these segments that lies on between the
parallel lines (excluding the intersection points on the lines) ?
(A) 5600 (B) 5650 (C) 6500 (D) 6560 (E) 6600

9 ABC is a triangle with |AB| = 6, |BC| = 7, and |AC| = 8. Let the angle bisector of ∠A intersect
BC at D. If E is a point on [AC] such that |CE| = 2, what is |DE|?
√ √
(A) 3 (B) 17
5 (C) 72 (D) 2 3 (E) 3 2

10 What is the larget integer n such that 5n divides 2006!

(1003!)2
?

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) 500

11 What is the sum of the real roots of the equation 4x4 − 3x2 + 7x − 3 = 0?
(A) − 1 (B) − 2 (C) − 3 (D) − 4 (E) None of above

12 In how many different ways can the set {1, 2, . . . , 2006} be divided into three non-empty sets
such that no set contains two successive numbers?
(A) 32006 − 3 · 22006 + 1 (B) 22005 − 2 (C) 32004 (D) 32005 − 1 (E) None of above

13 Let D be a point on the side [AB] of the isosceles triangle ABC such that |AB| = |AC|. The
parallel line to BC passing through D intersects AC at E. If m(A)
b = 20◦ , |DE| = 1, |BC| = a,
and |BE| = a + 1, then which of the followings is equal to |AB|?
(A) 2a (B) a2 − a (C) a2 + 1 (D) (a + 1)2 (E) a2 + a

14 How many four digit perfect square numbers are there in the form AABB where A, B ∈ {1, 2, . . . , 9}?
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0 (E) None of above
√
15 How many different real roots does the equation x2 − 5x − 4 x + 13 = 0 have?
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3 (E) 4

16 How many positive integer tuples (x1 , x2 , . . . , x13 ) are there satisfying the inequality x1 + x2 +
· · · + x13 ≤ 2006?
(A) 2006!
13!1993! (B) 2006!
14!1992! (C) 1993!
12!1981! (D) 1993!
13!1980! (E) None of above

17 Let D be a point on the side [BC] of 4ABC such that |BD| = 2 and |DC| = 6. If |AB| = 4 and
\ = 20◦ , then what is m(BAD)?
m(ACB) \

(A) 10◦ (B) 18◦ (C) 20◦ (D) 22◦ (E) 25◦

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18 What is the least positive integer k satisfying that n + k ∈ S for every n ∈ S where S = {n :
n3n + (2n + 1)5n ≡ 0 (mod 7)}?
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 14 (D) 21 (E) 42

19 How many real triples (x, y, z) are there such that x4 + y 4 + z 4 + 1 = 4xyz?
(A) 0 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 10 (E) Infinitely many

20 The integer k is a good number, if we can divide a square into k squares. How many good
numbers not greater than 2006 are there?
(A) 1003 (B) 1026 (C) 2000 (D) 2003 (E) 2004

21 Let ABC be a triangle with m(A)

b = 70◦ and the incenter I. If |BC| = |AC| + |AI|, then what is
m(B)?
b

(A) 35◦ (B) 36◦ (C) 42◦ (D) 45◦ (E) None of above

22 How many integer pairs (x, y) are there such that

0 ≤ x < 165, 0 ≤ y < 165 and y 2 ≡ x3 + x (mod 165)?
(A) 80 (B) 99 (C) 120 (D) 315 (E) None of above
 √ √ √ 10
23 What is the greatest integer not exceeding the number 1 + √ √2+ √3+ √4
2+ 3+ 6+ 8+4
?

(A) 2 (B) 10 (C) 21 (D) 32 (E) 36

24 In a handball tournament with n teams, each team played against other teams exactly once.
In each game, the winner got 2 points, the loser got 0 point, and each team got 1 point if there
was a tie. After the tournament ended, each team had different score than the others, and the
last team defeated the first three teams. What is the least possible value of n?
(A) 8 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D) 12 (E) None of above

25 Let E be the midpoint of the side [BC] of 4ABC with |AB| = 7, |BC| = 6, and |AC| = 5. The
line, which passes through E and is perpendicular to the angle bisector of ∠A, intersects AB
at D. What is |AD|?
√
(A) 5 (B) 6 (C) 92 (D) 3 2 (E) None of above

26 For how many primes p, there exists an integr m such that m3 + 3m − 2 ≡ 0 (mod p) and
m2 + 4m + 5 ≡ 0 (mod p)?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) Infinitely many

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27 If x, y, z are positive real numbers such that xy + yz + zx = 5, x2 + y 2 + z 2 − xyz cannot be

.
√
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 3 3 (E) None of above

28 Ali who has 10 candies eats at least one candy a day. In how many different ways can he eat
all candies (according to distribution among days)?
(A) 64 (B) 126 (C) 243 (D) 512 (E) 1025

29 Let I be the center of incircle of 4ABC,

√ and J be the center of excircle tangent to [BC]. If
b = 45◦ , m(A)
m(B) b = 120◦ , and |IJ| = 3, then what is |BC|?
√ √ √
(A) 32 (B) 23 (C) 34 (D) 26 (E) 3 − 1

30 How many integer triples (x, y, z) are there such that

x − yz 2 ≡ 1 (mod 13)
xz + y ≡ 4 (mod 13)

where 0 ≤ x < 13, 0 ≤ y < 13, and 0 ≤ z < 13?

(A) 10 (B) 23 (C) 36 (D) 49 (E) None of above

31 Let P (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c where a, b, c are positive real numbers. If P (1) ≥ 2 and P (3) ≤ 31,
how many of integers can P (4) take?
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6 (E) None of above

32 What is the greatest integer k which makes the statement ”When we take any 6 subsets with
5 elements of the set {1, 2, . . . , 9}, there exist k of them having at least one common element.”
true?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) 5

33 Let ABCD be a convex quadrileteral such that m(ABD)

\ = 40◦ , m(DBC)
\ = 70◦ , m(BDA)
\ =
80 , and m(BDC) = 50 . What is m(CAD)?
◦ \ ◦ \

(A) 25◦ (B) 30◦ (C) 35◦ (D) 38◦ (E) 40◦

34 How many positive integers less than 1000 are there such that they cannot be written as sum
of 2 or more successive positive integers?
(A) 6 (B) 10 (C) 26 (D) 68 (E) 72

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AoPS Community 2006 National Olympiad First Round

35 P (x) = ax2 +bx+c has exactly 1 different real root where a, b, c are real numbers. If P (P (P (x)))
has exactly 3 different real roots, what is the minimum possible value of abc?
√ √
(A) − 3 (B) − 2 (C) 2 3 (D) 3 3 (E) None of above

36 In an exam with n problems where n is a positive integer, each problem was answered by
at least one student. Each student answered an even number of problems. Any two students
answered an even number of problems in common. What is the number of values that n cannot
take?
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) Infinitely many (E) None of above

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