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    Louis Pasteur

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    Ann Malit
    Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in 1822. First, he discovered that microbes cause infectious diseases and championed practices to minimize disease spread in hospitals. Second, he invented vaccination and immunization by using weakened forms of microbes. Third, he found that rabies was caused by viruses and developed the first rabies vaccine. Fourth, he invented pasteurization to kill microbes in food using heat. Pasteur was a thorough researcher who linked his scientific findings to broader implications for medicine and public health.

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    Louis Pasteur

    Uploaded by

    Ann Malit
    89 views2 pages
    Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in 1822. First, he discovered that microbes cause infectious diseases and championed practices to minimize disease spread in hospitals. Second, he invented vaccination and immunization by using weakened forms of microbes. Third, he found that rabies was caused by viruses and developed the first rabies vaccine. Fourth, he invented pasteurization to kill microbes in food using heat. Pasteur was a thorough researcher who linked his scientific findings to broader implications for medicine and public health.

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    Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in 1822. First, he discovered that microbes cause infectious diseases and championed practices to minimize disease spread in hospitals. Second, he invented vaccination and immunization by using weakened forms of microbes. Third, he found that rabies was caused by viruses and developed the first rabies vaccine. Fourth, he invented pasteurization to kill microbes in food using heat. Pasteur was a thorough researcher who linked his scientific findings to broader implications for medicine and public health.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    89 views2 pages

    Louis Pasteur

    Uploaded by

    Ann Malit
    Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist born in 1822. First, he discovered that microbes cause infectious diseases and championed practices to minimize disease spread in hospitals. Second, he invented vaccination and immunization by using weakened forms of microbes. Third, he found that rabies was caused by viruses and developed the first rabies vaccine. Fourth, he invented pasteurization to kill microbes in food using heat. Pasteur was a thorough researcher who linked his scientific findings to broader implications for medicine and public health.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    of 2

    Louis Pasteur

    Chemist, 1822 - 1895


    Louis Pasteur was born on December 27, 1822 in Dole, in the region of Jura, France. His
    discovery that most infectious diseases are caused by germs, known as the "germ theory of
    disease," is one of the most important in medical history. His work became the foundation for
    the science of microbiology, and a cornerstone of modern medicine.

    Pasteur's phenomenal contributions to microbiology and medicine can be summarized as


    follows: First, he championed changes in hospital practices to minimize the spread of disease
    by microbes. Second, he discovered that weakened forms of a microbe could be used as an
    immunization against more virulent forms of the microbe. Third, Pasteur found that rabies
    was transmitted by agents so small they could not be seen under a microscope, thus revealing
    the world of viruses. As a result he developed techniques to vaccinate dogs against rabies, and
    to treat humans bitten by rabid dogs. And fourth, Pasteur developed "pasteurization," a
    process by which harmful microbes in perishable food products are destroyed using heat,
    without destroying the food.

    Pasteur was a thorough, highly intuitive researcher who always considered the wider
    ramifications to his work. While he revered science, Pasteur always believed that there were
    spiritual values that transcend it. Pasteur was also a capable public speaker, often defending
    his positions on various controversies with eloquence.

    Short Biography of Louis Pasteur

    One of the greatest chemists and biologists in France and the world, Louis Pasteur had an
    indefatigable work ethic at researching and discovering why germs, baceteria, and viruses wreaked
    havoc on humans, plants, and animals alike. His later studies in crystallography, or the shape of
    certain crystalline matter, would shape his career and life. Little did he know that he would
    become one of France’s heroes and would forever have the worldwide Pasteur Institute carry on
    his dream of allowing the human race to live without fear or disease or war.

    Born to a tanner, Louis Pasteur wasn’t brought up in a wealthy household. However, young Louis
    was confident in his intellectual abilities and studied at Arbois and Besancon until 1840. Following,
    he studied at the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris and began his doctorate work thereafter. He
    taught physics in Tournon for a short time, but was then called to study crystals and salts – a
    problem that was baffling scientists due to the fact that they had different properties. Pasteur
    found that each isomer had different qualities because they were optical in nature, meaning that
    some were left-handed and some were right-handed. With this discovery, Pasteur became famous
    amongst scientists in France and abroad. He was immediately taken into the French Legion of
    Honor and England presented him with the Copley Medal. He then landed a post at the University
    of Strasbourg.
    Following his fame at such a young age, the young Louis took on a new job at the University of Lille
    where he would study the fermentation of wine, vinegar, beer, and eventually help France solve its
    silkworm problem that was devastating silk production across the land. He found in his work that
    fermentation was produced because of living organisms; some which required oxygen and some
    that did not. It was at this time that the technique of pasteurization was dubbed; this was the
    purification of products to reduce or lessen the possibility of spoiling due to the presence of living
    organisms. Pasteur also worked on theories of killing microorganisms by cleaning surgical tools
    and by ensuring bandages were sterile.

    For his contributions to various medical fields, Pasteur was made a member of the French
    Academy of Medicine – one of the only men to do so who wasn’t actually a medical doctor. He went
    on to investigate anthrax and worked to immunize sheep that would prove to grow resistant to the
    outbreak. Additionally, he worked on a cure for rabies, and after over five years of labor-intensive
    dedication, Pasteur came up with a way to help save animals and humans. He saved young Joseph
    Meister who would later become a member of the French Guard and guard the tomb of Pasteur.
    Ironically, Meister killed himself outside the gate when a German soldier demanded entrance.

    Contribution to Science:

    Known as the founder of microbiology, Pasteur discovered the role of bacteria in fermentation.
    His experiments with bacteria conclusively disproved the theory of spontaneous generation and
    led to the theory that infection is caused by germs. Extrapolating from this knowledge, Pasteur
    then developed a process in which liquids such as milk were heated to kill all bacteria and moulds
    already present within them. This process became known as pasteurisation. 

    Recognising that infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms, Pasteur's research soon led
    others to investigate sterilisation, disinfection, vaccines, and eventually antibiotics. Pasteur
    created and tested vaccines for diphtheria, cholera, yellow fever, plague, rabies, anthrax, and
    tuberculosis.

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