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D A Y T O N S U P E R I 1O R . C O M • B U I L D I N G S T R E N G T H
Inside Front Cover intentionally left blank
INDEX
ItemPage
Brochures ............................................................................................................ 20
Corrosion Protection............................................................................................... 2
Customer Service................................................................................................. 20
DA100 Dovetail Anchor Slot.................................................................................... 9
DA101 Dovetail Anchor Slot.................................................................................... 9
DA131 Seismic Dovetail Anchor............................................................................. 9
DA210X Veneer Anchor Screw-On Plate.............................................................. 10
DA213 Pintle......................................................................................................... 11
DA213 Seismic Pintle........................................................................................... 11
DA213 Veneer Anchor Plate................................................................................. 11
DA213QT Lite Duty Seismic Pintle....................................................................... 11
DA2200 Joint Stabilization Anchor........................................................................ 15
DA411 Wall Top Stabilization Anchor.................................................................... 12
DA431 Seismic Veneer Anchor............................................................................. 12
DA5213 Veneer Anchor Plate Assembly............................................................... 15
DA5410 Expansion Anchor................................................................................... 18
DA5431 Veneer Anchor Plate Assembly............................................................... 16
DA5610 Expansion Anchor................................................................................... 18
DA5801 Adjustable Speed Set Anchor Assembly................................................. 15
DA601 Column Anchors........................................................................................ 12
DA700 Series Triangular Ties......................................................................... 10, 13
DA709 Column Anchor Weld-On.......................................................................... 13
DA720 Series Dovetail Triangular Tie..................................................................... 9
DA801 Adjustable Speed Set Anchor................................................................... 13
DA807 Steel Stud Veneer Screw.......................................................................... 17
DA808 Wood Stud Screw..................................................................................... 17
DA8800 OCM Masonry Rebar Anchor.................................................................. 16
DA901 Channel Anchor Slot................................................................................. 14
DA913 Channel Anchor........................................................................................ 14
DA918 Channel Anchor Triangular Tie.................................................................. 14
DA931 Seismic Channel Anchor........................................................................... 14
DA995 Stainless Steel Screw – Type 304............................................................ 17
Definitions Masonry Wall Reinforcement................................................................ 2
Design Changes................................................................................................... 20
Disclaimer............................................................................................................. 20
General Warranty.................................................................................................. 20
Horizontal Masonry Joint Reinforcement................................................................ 4
Interchangeability.................................................................................................. 20
Introduction............................................................................................................. 1
Masonry Veneer Anchor Spacing............................................................................ 8
Masonry Veneer Anchors....................................................................................... .7
Masonry Wall Reinforcement.................................................................................. 4
Minimum Area of Steel Required To Satisfy Code.................................................. 5
Multi-Wythe Construction – Wythes Laid At Different Times................................... 7
Multi-Wythe Construction – Wythes Laid At Same Time......................................... 7
Safety Information................................................................................................. 20
Shop or Field Modification.................................................................................... 20
Single Wythe Construction...................................................................................... 6
Standards................................................................................................................ 1
Stone Anchors....................................................................................................... 19
Technical Service.................................................................................................. 20
Masonry Joint Reinforcement and
Anchor Selection Guide
INTRODUCTION
Building codes govern the design of masonry structures and most codes reference either the current or an earlier
version of the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530-05/ASCE 5-05/TMS 402-05), which
is generally referred to as the ACI 530 Code. When the ACI 530 Code supplements a legally adopted building
code it means the ACI 530 Code governs in all areas relating to the structural design and construction of masonry
structures, except where the ACI 530 Code is in conflict with requirements in the legally adopted code. In areas
of the United States without a legally adopted building code, the ACI 530 Code defines the minimum acceptable
standards of design and construction practices.
The type, size and location of connectors shall be shown or indicated on the project drawings as required by the
ACI 530 Code.
For more than 65 years, Dur-O-Wal has been manufacturing masonry joint reinforcement and accessories. During
this time, Dur-O-Wal, as well as the other manufacturers of masonry accessories, has traditionally manufactured
and sold a great variety of connector types. Many of these were never tested and they may or may not meet the
requirements of today’s modern building codes.
For construction utilizing concrete masonry units (CMU), Dur-O-Wal strongly recommends the use of masonry
joint reinforcement or assemblies using masonry joint reinforcement instead of unit ties. This is due to the improved
embedment strength and ductility obtained by using continuous wire in the CMU face shell bedding versus the use
of individual unit ties. In addition, when masonry joint reinforcement is used, the presence and spacing of wall ties
is guaranteed.
Many of the products manufactured and marketed by Dur-O-Wal have been tested and meet the requirements
of the ACI 530 Code. This publication attempts to reduce the variety of connectors used and to answer questions
regarding the selection of connectors for various conditions. Dur-O-Wal has published this Technical Bulletin for
use by architects and engineers; however, the architect or engineer should select connector based on their own
analysis and design.
STANDARDS
The masonry accessories manufactured and supplied by Dur-O-Wal meet or exceed the following standards:
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
CORROSION PROTECTION
The ACI 530 Code requires that all exterior masonry walls exposed to earth or weather and interior walls exposed
to a mean relative humidity of 75 percent or more shall have:
• Masonry wall reinforcement and anchors produced from stainless steel or carbon steel that is protected
from corrosion by hot-dip galvanized coating or epoxy coating.
All other interior walls shall use masonry reinforcement and anchors that are mill galvanized, hot dipped galvanized
or stainless steel.
Masonry accessories produced from stainless steel provide outstanding corrosion protection and offer excellent
longevity to a masonry structure. Carbon steel, when coated with zinc provides much better corrosion protection
than does an epoxy coated steel product. Zinc offers sacrificial protection to carbon steel providing protection in
the event the protective zinc coating becomes scratched or damaged. Due to this sacrificial process, zinc coated
products do not normally significantly corrode until the adjoining zinc coating has been expended.
Mill galvanized provides only a thin coating of zinc that is applied to carbon steel before any product fabrication
is preformed. Any welds or exposed edges left by the fabrication process are not coated with zinc. Mill galvanizing
does not provide reliable protection for use in an exterior anchoring system.
Carbon steel products that are hot dipped galvanized (HDG) after fabrication have excellent resistance to corrosion,
provided by its thicker zinc coating. HDG is the last step in the fabrication of a masonry accessory and ensures that
welds and cut edges are protected with zinc. The thicker the zinc coating the longer it offers corrosion protection.
Dur-O-Wal does not recommend the use of epoxy coated masonry joint reinforcement or accessories as the
epoxy coating does not offer sacrificial protection and any “holiday” that may develop during the coating process or
later coating damage will lead to the development of corrosion.
Plain or uncoated carbon steel masonry joint reinforcement and accessories are specifically not allowed by the
ACI 530 Code and are not recommended by Dur-O-Wal as it offers no protection from corrosion and can corrode
while in transit, stored in a warehouse or in storage at a jobsite.
For extended life and corrosion protection, restoration anchors are fabricated with a brass expansion sleeve, brass
expander cone, inner rod from Type 304 Stainless Steel and a stainless steel or a galvanized bolt and washer.
DEFINITIONS
ACI - American Concrete Institute, 38800 Country Club Drive, Farmington Hills, MI 48331 U.S.A
Phone: (248) 848-3700.
ANCHOR - A metal rod, wire or strap that secures masonry to its structural support.
ANCHOR PULLOUT - An anchor failure defined by the anchor sliding out of the material in which it is embedded
without breaking out a substantial portion of the surrounding material.
ANCHOR, TWO PIECE ADJUSTABLE - A two-part anchor, which is vertically and/or horizontally adjustable.
AREA, GROSS CROSS-SECTIONAL - The area delineated by the out-to-out dimensions of masonry in the plane
under consideration.
ASCE - American Society of Civil Engineers, 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, Virginia 20191 U.S.A. Phone:
(800) 548-2723.
BACKING - The structural wall or surface to which veneer is secured.
BED JOINT - The horizontal layer of mortar on which a masonry unit is laid.
BUILDING CODE - A set of rules that specify the minimum acceptable level of safety for the construction and
occupancy of masonry structures.
CAVITY - The space between the structural backing and veneer and it may or may not contain insulation.
CAVITY WALL - A multi-wythe non-composite masonry wall with a continuous air space within the wall (with or
without insulation), which is tied together with metal ties.
CMU or CONCRETE MASONRY UNIT - The term to describe either a solid or hollow masonry unit produced from
concrete.
CONNECTOR - A mechanical device for securing two or more pieces, parts or members together, including
anchors, wall ties and fasteners.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
DESIGN STRENGTH - The nominal strength of an element multiplied by the appropriate strength reduction factor.
DIMENSION, NOMINAL - The specified dimension plus the allowance for the joints with which the units are to be
laid. Nominal dimensions are usually stated in whole numbers. Thickness is given first, followed by height and
then length.
DIMENSIONS, SPECIFIED - Dimensions specified for the manufacture or construction of a unit, joint or element.
FASTENER - A device, typically having threads over a portion of its length, used to attach anchor components to
masonry.
HEAD JOINT - The vertical mortar joint placed between masonry units within a wythe at the time masonry is laid.
LADUR MASONRY JOINT REINFORCEMENT - Masonry wire reinforcement where the side wires are connected
in a single plane by perpendicular cross wires.
LOAD, DEAD - Those loads, which are permanent and unable to be removed and include the self-weight of the
structure, which normally provides the largest portion of the dead load of a building.
LOAD, DESIGN - Applied loads that include dead load and live loads such as wind and seismic loads.
LOAD, LIVE - That portion of the total load on a structure that is not a permanent part of the structure. They can
be variable, as in the case of loads contributed by the occupancy, wind, seismic and snow.
LOAD, LIVE LATERAL - Loads that are the result of wind and earthquakes.
LOAD, ULTIMATE - The average value at which the product will no longer support load or fails.
LOAD SERVICE – Service load specified by the legally adopted building code.
MASONRY, ASHLAR - Masonry composed of rectangular units of burned clay or shale, or stone, generally larger
than brick and properly bonded, having sawed, dressed or squared beds and joints laid in mortar.
MASONRY BREAKOUT – Anchor failure defined by the separation of a volume of masonry, approximately conical
in shape from the backing or veneer.
MASONRY, JOINT REINFORCEMENT (MJR) - reinforcement in the mortar joints or grouted cells used to resist
stresses. (2) Unit masonry in which reinforcement is embedded in such a manner that the component materials
act together to resist applied forces.
MASONRY, REINFORCED - Masonry containing reinforcement in the mortar joints or grouted cells used to resist
stresses. (2) Unit masonry in which reinforcement is embedded in such a manner that the component materials
act together to resist applied forces.
MASONRY, RUBBLE STONE - Masonry composed of roughly shaped stones, well bonded and laid at irregular
vertical intervals to discontinuous but approximately level beds or courses.
MASONRY UN-REINFORCED - Masonry in which the tensile resistance of the masonry is taken into
consideration and the resistance of reinforcement, if present, is neglected. Also called plain masonry.
MORTAR - A plastic mixture of cementitious materials, fine aggregate and water.
MJR - Prefabricated horizontal masonry wall wire reinforcing
TMS - The Masonry Society, 3970 Broadway, Suite 201-D, Boulder, CO USA 80304, Phone: 303-939-9700
TIE, WALL - Metal connectors that connect wythes of masonry walls together.
TRUSS MASONRY JOINT REINFORCEMENT - Masonry wire reinforcement where the side wires are connected
in a single plane by a continuous “zig zag” cross wire.
VENEER, ANCHORED - Veneer secured to and supported by anchors attached to a backing.
VENEER, MASONRY - Nonstructural facing of brick, concrete, stone, tile, or other similar material attached to a
backing for the purpose of ornamentation, protection or insulation.
WALL - A vertical element, used to enclose space, with a horizontal length to thickness ratio greater than 3.
WALL TIES - Metal connectors that connect wythes of masonry walls together.
WYTHE - Each continuous vertical section of a wall, one masonry unit in thickness.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
In Seismic Design Categories E and F, a single 9-gauge wire reinforcement is required to reinforce the veneer.
It is spaced at 16” on center vertically and mechanically attached to the MJR with Quake Clips. However, due to
problems associated with shipping single wires without damage, Dur-O-Wal recommends the use of DA3200S
Seismic Ladur for this condition.
Minimum Area Of Steel Required to Satisfy Code
The chart below lists the various CMU nominal thicknesses, the gross wall area for each CMU thickness along
with the total area of steel reinforcement required with the minimum amount of horizontal steel required per foot of
wall height.
Gross Wall Area per 43.5 67.5 91.5 115.5 139.5 163.5 187.5 211.5 235.5 259.5 283.5
Foot of Wall Height sq. in. sq. in. sq. in sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in.
Minimum Horizontal
Steel Required per 0.030 0.047 0.064 0.081 0.098 0.114 0.131 0.148 0.165 0.182 0.198
Foot of Wall Height sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in. sq. in.
(0.0007 x Gross Area)
NOTES: 1) Total area of steel per ft. = 0.002 x 12” x actual CMU thickness.
2) Horizontal area required per ft. = 0.007 x 12” x actual thickness.
8” Centers 0.052 sq. in. 0.083 sq. in. 0.104 sq. in. 0.167 sq. in.
16” Centers 0.026 sq. in. 0.042 sq. in. 0.052 sq. in. 0.083 sq. in.
NOTE: Compare area of steel provided to minimum area of steel required per foot of wall height.
When the amount of steel required is not provided by the Ladur Masonry Joint Reinforcement, the chart below
indicates the additional reinforcement needed, in the top bond beam, to meet the minimum area of steel required
by the ACI 530 Code.
2 - 9 ga. 8” 1 #4 1 #5 1 #5 2 #4 1 #6 1 #6 1 #7 1 #8 2 #7 1 #10
Side Rods 16” 2 #4 1 #7 1 #8 2 #6 2 #7 1 #7 2 #6 2 #7 2 #8 2 #9
2 - 3/16” 8” 1 #3 1 #3 1 #3 2 #3 1 #3 1 #3 1 #5 1 #5 1 #6 1 #7
Diameter
Side Rods 16” 2 #3 1 #5 1 #6 1 #7 2 #5 1 #7 1 #8 2 #7 2 #7 2 #8
NOTE: A minimum of one #3 rebar is shown, even when calculations indicate that Ladur type MJR alone would satisfy the minimum horizontal
steel requirements of the ACI 530 Code.
Charts are not provided for the use of Truss Masonry Joint Reinforcement as Dur-O-Wal recommends the use
of Ladur MJR in a reinforced masonry wall. The use of Ladur MJR helps to insure that a minimum number of
obstructions will be encountered when adding the vertical reinforcing steel and later grouting the cells of the CMU.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
Bond Beam
MJR installed
at every other
course or at
every course as Bond Beam
required per
Building Code
and/or calculations.
When Dur-O-Wal Ladur Masonry Joint Reinforcement is used as a replacement for horizontal bond beams,
there will be an improvement in the overall ductility of the masonry wall because of the closely spaced joint
reinforcement.
For a more complete understanding of the requirements for masonry wall reinforcement, the reader is advised
to consult a copy of the Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (ACI 530-05/ASCE 5-05/TMS 402-
05) available from the American Concrete Institute, 38800 Country Club Drive, Farmington Hills, MI 48331 U.S.A.
Phone: (248) 848-3700 or www.aci-int.org.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
Proper performance of a masonry veneer anchor is directly related to the amount of embedment provided for in
its selection. The ACI 530 Code requires an anchor to have a minimum embedment into the veneer mortar joint of
1-1/2” with at least 5/8” mortar cover from the outside face of the veneer.
Many designers are presently specifying adjustable, “two-piece” anchors as these anchors are able to adjust
to varying field coursing conditions and can be attached to all types of structural backings. All masonry veneer
anchors should be fastened to the backing with fasteners produced from similar metals and coatings to reduce the
possibility of galvanic corrosion occurring.
Dur-O-Wal does not recommend and most Codes have eliminated the use of anchors with a “drip notch”, as the
notch greatly reduces the load-carrying capacity of an anchor.
When the cavity width between wythes exceeds 4-1/2” the ACI 530 Code requires a detailed wall tie analysis be
made to determine proper anchor spacing.
When veneer is laid in other than a running bond pattern, it shall be reinforced with at least one 9 gauge wire
spaced at 18” on center vertically.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
The DA720 Series Triangular Ties are 3/16” diameter and available in 3-1/2”, 4-1/2”, 5-1/2”, 7-1/2” and 9-1/2”
lengths. Length does not include the 12-gauge dovetail. Triangular ties are available furnished with a mill galvanized
or HDG finish or produced entirely from Type 304 stainless steel.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
Plate design provides 3-3/4” of vertical tie adjustment to meet variations in the masonry coursing.
The plate and triangular tie are available HDG after fabrication with Type 304 stainless steel on special order.
Other styles of screw-on plates are available.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
DA213 Veneer Anchor Plate DA213 Veneer Anchor Plate DA213 Veneer Anchor Plate
DA213 Pintle DA213QT Lite-Duty Seismic Pintle DA213S Seismic Pintle
Recommended for use in cavity wall construction, with or without cavity insulation, securely anchoring veneer
to the backing. The DA213 Veneer Anchor Plate, complete with stiffening gussets for minimum plate deflection,
projects from the backing to accommodate rigid insulation or wider air cavities. Requires two screws or one
expansion anchor for attachment to backing, depending on backing materials.
With the proper anchor plate selection, the pintle legs are designed to hold cavity insulation against the structural
backing. Anchors are available for insulation thicknesses that range from 0” to 3” in 1/2” increments. Minimum
cavity width required is 3/4”.
The pintles are designed for up to 1-1/4” eccentricity between the plate and pintle. Both seismic pintles are intended
to engage either the DA3200S Seismic Ladur or DA8706 Deformed Pencil Rod. Due to the difficulties in shipping
the Pencil Rod without having it damaged in transit, the use of the DA3200S Seismic Ladur is recommended, when
veneer seismic reinforcement is required.
DA213S Pintle, 12 ga. and 0” 730 lbs. 0.015” 6,666 lbs. per inch
DA213 Veneer Anchor 3/4” 240 lbs. 0.037” 2,700 lbs. per inch
Plate, 14 ga. 1-1/4” 180 lbs. 0.170” 580 lbs. per inch
DA213 Pintle, 3/16” Wire 0” 540 lbs. 0.046” 2,174 lbs. per inch
and DA213 Veneer Anchor 3/4” 200 lbs. 0.093” 1,075 lbs. per inch
Plate, 12 ga. 1-1/4” 120 lbs. 0.194” 515 lbs. per inch
Notes:
1) Wire pintle has an 800 lbs. ultimate pullout/push out from full bed joint with 1-1/2” mortar embedment.
2) 11 ga. plate has an ultimate pullout/push out from bed joint of 1,160 lbs. without seismic reinforcing.
3) 11 ga. plate has an ultimate pullout/push out from bed joint of 1,590 lbs. with 9 ga. continuous seismic reinforcement.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
Slots in the anchoring plate provide field adjustment of the assembly. The dowel, sleeved with a plastic tube,
is normally bedded in mortar within the groove of a sash CMU. A plastic expansion tube prevents bonding of the
dowel to mortar and a compressible foam fill at the end of the sleeve allows for vertical deflections.
For installation, lay a standard sash CMU at the top of the wall, install the anchor so that the anchoring pin is in the
sash groove, “butter” the end, then lay another CMU sash unit against the pin. This mortars the anchoring pin into
a slot that measures 5/8” wide x 1-1/2” long. The pin can also be installed in the hollow core of a CMU, although a
method will need to be devised to fill that core with grout or mortar.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
Ultimate
Eccentricity Stiffness
Tension Notes:
1) Pullout full mortar bed = 800 lbs.
1/4” 600 lbs. 2,174 lbs. per inch 2) Ultimate load is based on the 695 pounds
strength of a #10 screw in a 16 gauge metal stud.
1” 375 lbs. 1,786 lbs. per inch
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
The DA903 Channel Anchor Slot is recommended for use with wood or steel stud framed construction.
Other styles and lengths of Channel anchor Slot are available.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
The ultimate shear capacity is 305 lbs. based on a 5/8” wide joint. As the shear capacity is a direct function of the
joint width, it will have a higher capacity when the anchor is installed across a 3/8” joint and a lower capacity across
a 3/4” joint. The minimum required strength of mortar is 1,800 psi
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
For HDG anchors, the expansion anchor consist of zinc plated, ¼” -20 NC threaded head
nut and washer. For stainless steel anchors, the expansion anchor uses a stainless steel
bolt and washer. In both cases, the expander sleeve and cone are manufactured from
corrosion resistant brass.
To install, tap anchor in to position and tighten to between 50 and 100 inch-pounds. Minimum ultimate tensile
capacity of anchor system is 850 lbs.
Ultimate Ultimate
Rebar
Tension Shear
Anchor
Capacity Capacity
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
FASTENERS
DA807 Steel Stud Veneer Screw
The DA 807 Steel Stud Veneer Screw is a metal-to-metal, self-drilling, self tapping screw designed to fasten
veneer anchors to a metal stud backing without drilling a pilot hole. The screws are coated with a proprietary
corrosion resistant coating and are available in two sizes, #10-16 x 1-1/2” long or #12-14 x 2” long. The 1-1/2” long
screw is available with or without a EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) Rubber washer under the hex
washer head. The 2” length is available ONLY with a EPDM washer. The EPDM washer provides resistance to
water penetration, around the screw into the backup. Other sizes of screws are available.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
Stone Anchors
Stone Anchors are designed to anchor stone DA331
DA301U
panels to a backing. There are no “standard”
dimensions and all stone anchor quotes and F
G
H
B
Dur-O-Wal can fabricate stone anchors H - Slot Size
B
using 16, 14 or 12 gauge, 3/16”, 1/4”, 3/8” or 1/2” C F
A
C DA333
H
A
I
B
G
DA303
D
F
E
C DA101 1”
DA103 B C
F
1” C
B A
A DA334
B
B C E
F
B
A A
D
C DA304 D
1”
1” DA102 B
DA104 DA335
C C
B A
E B A
C
E - Slot Size
A
B
A
DA305
C
DA911 C DA201 D
1/2”
C
1”
A
C DA336
B
C A
E B F - Slot Size
E
A A
B
C DA306
1” D
B DA202 B DA337
1/2” DA913 A
A
E B E - Slot Size
C C
F - Slot Size
B
B
B DA307 J
D
A I
A C
DA203 C K - Slot Size
C A
B G
C
1/2”
DA914 1”
DA308 H
F
B E A
C
B DA338
B
A
D
D
C
DA204 A
A B A
1” C
DA339
F G
B
E
DA309 E - Slot Size
A 1/2” F
C B DA917 A E
B
C DA205 D
G
G
C B
E+F+G 1” D C
A
B
B C F - Slot Size H
A G - Dia.
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Masonry Joint Reinforcement & Anchor Selection Guide
20
Notes & Sketches
21
Notes & Sketches
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