(Annual)

MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL

Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) Describe the terms Bursa and Synovial sheath. What is the role of these in 2.5
relation to trauma and infection?
b) Enumerate and briefly describe with examples from upper and lower limb the 2.25
1 key factors stabilizing the joints.
c) What is Hilton’s Law? 0.25

a) Enumerate the cells of the respiratory and olfactory epithelium. What is the 02
function of each cell in the epithelium?
2
b) Draw and label a diagram showing the microscopic anatomy of palatine tonsil. 03

a) A mother gave birth to twins – one was large and healthy and the other small,
pale andd anemic.
i) Give the diagnosis? 0.5
ii) Give the cause of the condition of the babies. 01
3
iii) What are the features related to the two babies? 01
iv) What is the fate of such babies? 0.5
b) Describe allantois. Give its importance. 01,01

a) What is crossover? Give its results. 01,01

b) What is the most common cause of abnormal chromosome number?
4 Give an example of a clinical syndrome involving abnormal number of 01,1.5
chromosomes. How can it be detected prenatally? 0.5

a) Why are coronary arteries termed as functional end arteries? Explain. 2.5
b) What is the role of coronary collateral circulation in development of Myocardial
5 Infarction? 02
c) What is the functional value of coronary collateral circulation? 0.5

a) Enumerate the articulations forming the knee joint. 0.5

b) Enlist the intracapsular and extracapsular ligaments of the knee joint 1.5
6
mentioning the muscles related to the various movements at the joint.
03
a) Venous stasis in the lower limbs develops because of what reasons and leads to
what complications? Explain. 01,01
7 b) What lower limb vessel is commonly used for coronary arterial bypass, giving 01,01,01
the benefits and side effects of its use?

a) Describe the boundaries of he quadrangular space. Enumerate the contents of

8 the space. 2.5
b) Describe the course and area of supply of the nerve in the space. 2.5
 A Patient came to the surgical outdoor with the ring and little finger of left hand
fixed at the metacrapophalangeal joints.
9 a) What is the probable diagnosis? Explain the process of its formation and how 0.5,1.5
can it be relieved. 0.5
b) Describe palmar aponeurosis. What is its function? 02,0.5

--- UHS-I /18 – A / 1(S) – (10-11-18) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated 12-11-2018)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) Explain the classification of skeletal muscles on the basis of group action. Give
examples of each from upper limb. 04
1 b) Define potential anastomosis. Give one example. 01

a) Draw & label the histological features seen in a slide prepared from the skin of
sole of foot. 3.2
2 b) What are the three mechanisms for release of secretions from epithelial cells?
Give examples of each. 1.5

a) Define DECIDUAL REACTION. What are the parts of placenta & how are they
derived? 01,2.5
3 b) What is the safe period to perform diagnostic Amniocentesis? Give reason. 1.5

How are Myoblasts organized in ventral division of a typical MYOTOME? Enlist their
4 derivatives. 01, 04

a) Name the nerve and muscle that is most commonly injured in fracture of
surgical neck of humerus. List the results of damage to this nerve. 03
5 b) Classify the 1st carpometacarpal point. Name the articulating bones. Which
muscles are involved in flexion and extension of this joint? 02

A 35 year old lady presented to her physician with a complaint of hard irregular
mass in the superior lateral quadrant of her right breast. On examination, the breat
was fixed & nipple was retrated & deviated. The physician labeled the skin as PEAU
D ORANGE. Using your clinico-anatomical knowledge, answer the following
6 questions:
a) What is meant by the term PEAU D ORANGE & its underlying cause? 1.5
b) What is the reason for the fixation, deviation & retraction of nipple? 2.5
c) What is the route of spread of metastasis to vertebra, cranium & brain? 01

a) Name the intermuscular passage located in the middle third of the thigh and
give its boundaries. 03
7 b) Enlist the bursae and their location associated with Gluteus Maximus. 02

a) Give the origin, course nad branches of the artery of dorsum of foot. 3.5
b) Which reflex in lower extremity should be elicited to check the integrity of
8 upper sacral segments? What is the normal response? 1.5
 a) Needle thoracostomy had to be done in a patient with Tension Pneumothorax
to allow lungs to re-expand. What structures are pierced by the needle if it is to
be inserted in 2nd intercostal space at anterior axillary line? What precaution
9 should be taken to avoid injury to intercostal nerves and vessels?
b) Enlist the posterior relations of thoracic part of esophagus. 2.5
2.5

--- UHS-I /17 – A / 1(S) – (10-10-17) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated 15-10-2018)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) Classify the bones according to their shape quoting one examples each. 03
b) In a Road Traffic Accident of a middle aged man, there was the fracture of neck
of Femur. Classify the two common terms:
1 i) Avascular necrosis 01
ii) Osteochondrosis 01

Draw and label microscopic structure of Thymus. How does it differ from other
2 lymphoid organs in microstructure? 05

What is Bilaminar Germ Disc? When and how it is formed? What changes take place
3 in Trophoblast during second week of development? 05

Give the precartilagenous development of Vertebral Column.

4 Enumerate two annomalies. 05

a) Write the source, branches and distribution of arterial supply of Heart. 03

b) What are two most common sites of Coronary Artery Occlusion? 02
5

a) What is the cause and clinical manifestation of Dupuytren contracture? 02

b) How does Median nerve enter forearm and hand? Give its branches and
6 distribution in forearm. 03

A child fell on outstreched hand with the elbow partially flexed. What possible
fractures of the distal end of the Humerus can occur? Mention the structures
7 affected by this injury. 05

a) Enumerate the boundaries and contents of Femoral triangle? 03

b) Why is the Femoral nerve not enclosed in the Femoral sheath? 02
8

a) Name the muscles of second layer of foot. 02

b) Give the origin, insertion, nerve supply and action of Flexor Hallucis Brevis. 03
9

--- UHS-I /16 – A / 1(S) – (27-09-16) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated 15-10-2018)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) Enlist the the characteristics of Synovial joints. 1.5

b) Classify Synovial joints on architectural basis giving one example of each from
1
upper limb. 3.5

a) Give the formation and circulation of Amniotic Fluid. 02

2 b) What are the causes of Polyhydramnios? 01
c) What is Amniocentesis? What are its indications? 01

a) What is Decidua? Mention its parts and their fate. 01, 2.5
3 b) Enlist the functions of Decidual Cells. 1.5

After an intramuscular injection, a young boy had Anaphylactic Shock:

a) Name the main cell of connective tissue involved. 01
4
b) Give the light and electron microscopic structure of that cell. 04

a) What is Hilton’s Law? 01

b) Enumerate (with reasons) the various nerves supplying the hip joint in view of
5 this law. 1.5
c) Give an accoutn of illiofemoral ligament. 02

A traffic warden developed dilated tortuous veins in the posterior compartment of

leg:
6 a) Name this condition. 0.5
b) Give an account of venous return from Lower Limb. 4.5

a) Define Dermatome. 01
b) Draw and label the Dermatomes of the Upper Limb. 04
7

A 60 years old lady a mass in her left breast. The biopsy revealed Intraductal
Carcinoma: 0.5
a) What lymph nodes are most likely to be affected? 0.5
8
b) What anatomical structure defines the level of lymph nodes? 04
c) Give an account of lymph drainage from breast.

After the heart attack, an individual developed Cardiac Arrhythmias:

a) Name the Coronary Artery involved. 0.5
9 b) Give the origin, course and distribution of that vessel. 03
c) What types of Vascular Anastomosis exists in the heart? 1.5

--- UHS-I /15 – A / 1(S) – (02-10-15) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated 15-10-2018)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) What are pennate musles? Give their types with one examples of each type. 2.5
b) What is the difference between complex and compound joints? Give one
1
example of each. Why osteomyelitis is more common in children? 01, 1.5

Draw and label light microscopic picture of the transitional epithelium. What is the 02, 1.5
2 other name and why? Mention its function. 1.5

Write the formation and structure of blastocyst. 03, 02

3

a) How the body of a developing vertebra (centrum) becomes intersegmental?

Draw diagram to illustrate your answer. What is the embryological basis of
supernumery breast/nipples in abdominal region of an individual? 02, 01, 0.5
b) A newborn infant was born with absent limbs. His mother was taking drugs for
4
her leprosy during her pregnancy.
i) What is the name of the condition of baby? 0.5
ii) What is the critical period of limb development? 0.5
iii) What is the source of limb buds? 0.5
Give the attachments of flexor retinaculum of wrist. Name the structures passing
deep and superficial to it. 02, 1.5, 1.5
5

a) List the nerves which come in direct contact with the various parts of Humerus.
What one of them causes WRIST DROP? 02, 01
b) Write the anatomical and clinical features of WRIST DROP. 02
6

A 50 year old traffic policeman came to the hospital with a history of chronic dull
ache in right leg and dilated and tortuous veins on the medial side of his right leg.
The skin on the medial malleolus found to be discoloured, dry and scaly.
a) Name the clinical condition. 0.5
7
b) Which vein was involved? 0.5
c) Briefly explain the course of this vein mentioning its formation and termination.
d) Name the tributaries of this vein which join it just before its termination. 2.5
1.5
a) What does Quadriceps femoris muscle mean? Name its components. 0.5, 01
b) Write its distal attachment, nerve supply and actions. 0.5, 0.5, 2.5
8
 a) Knowledge of the antomy of the bronchopulmonary segments is essential for
precise interpretation of radiographs and for surgical resection of diseased
segments.
i) What are the bronchoplumonary segments? 02
ii) What is the nerve supply of partial pleura? 01
b) Considering the increasing number of heart attacks in the modern era and
9
equally inreasing treatment plans; the knowledge of blood supply of heart is
important:
i) What do you understand by dominance of coronary arterial systems?
ii) What is the typical dominance? 0.25
iii) Give the area of supply of right coronary artery. 0.25
1.5

--- UHS-I /14 – A / 1(S) – (12-10-14) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated 15-10-2018)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

What is an ellipsoid joint? What movements are possible at ellipsoid joints? Give an
1 example of ellipsoid joint fro the upper limb. 02, 02, 01

Name the different types of stratified epithelia. What are the chief structural
features of urothelium (transitional epithelium)? 02, 03
2

Define cleavage. What is morula and how is it converted into a blastocyst? 01, 01, 03
3

a) Developementally, what are the components (parts) of the placenta? 02

b) What are dicidual septa? What are the features of the fetal surface of a full-
4 term placenta? 02, 01

Give the extent (beginning and end) of the axillary artery, what are the relations of
the second part of this artery? Name the branches of this nerveName the branches
5 given from the second part? 01, 03, 01

From where the musculocutaneous nerve originates? What are the branches of this
nerve? What area of skin is supplied by this nerve? 01, 02, 02
6

What is saphenous opening? What is the location of this opening with reference to
the pubic tubercle? What structures pass through the saphenous opening? 01, 01, 03
7

What muscles are included in the deep group of muscles of the posterior
compartment of the leg? Give the origin, insertion and nerve supply of the flexor
8 hallucis longus. 02, 03

a) What are the branches of the right coronary artery? 02

b) Give a brief account of the arterial supply of the conducting system of 03
9 heart.

--- UHS-I /13 – A / 1(S) – (04-10-13) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated 15-10-2018)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) Define a spinal nerve and name various spinal nerves existing in human body 3.5
with their number. 1.5
1 b) Write the pattern of emergeny of various spinal nerves from vertebral column.

a) Draw and label the transverse section of light microscopic picture of musculary 03
artery. 02
2 b) Which of these layers is involved in atherosclerosis? Mention the layers
containing vesa vasorum?

a) Breifly explain implantation and embedding of a human blastocyst. 3.5

3 b) Enlist sites of abnormal implantation. 1.5

a) Write the function of amniotic fluid. 04

4 b) Name two complications of oligohydramnios. 01

A patient complained of pain in his right shoulder especially at the start of raising
his arm. His physician noticed that if he is assisted in the initial phase of raising his
arm then he can easily abduct his arm to 90 degree.
5 a) Name the abductors of the shoulder joint involved in this patient and write 03
their nerve supply.
b) Write the attachment of the muscle which is injured in this case. 02

A person reported in outdoor patient department with coplaint of loss of hand

power and flexion deformity of his fingers of right side. He gave past history of
fracture of his forearm bones with profuse bleeding from major blood vessels of his
6 right forearm.
a) Write the anatomical bases for his deformity and disability. 03
b) Enlist the bony joints palpable in anatomical snuff box. 02

Write the location and arrangement of superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Also
mention areas of lymp drainage by afferent lymph vessels of these lymph nodes 1.5
7 and detination of their different vessels. 3.5

Name the muscles fo the first layers of sole of foot. Write the area of cutaneous 5
sensory loss and muscles paralysed in cases of inury to medial planter nerve.
8
 a) Draw and label a diagram showing azygos system of veins. What is the
clinical imprtance of this venous system? 03
9 b) Name other structure drained by this system of veins. 02

--- UHS-I /12 – A / 1(S) – (xx-xx-12) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated xx-xx-xxxx)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) What is meant by “Anatomical Position” of human body? 01

b) Briefly mention four fundamental anatomical planes used to study human body.
1
04

A person was brought to emergency with history of being attacked by honey bees
followed by formation of cutaneous wheels (urticaria) and asthma.
a) Which cell is responsible for this anaphylactoid response and why? 02
2
b) Briefly mention the light microscopic features of this cell type. 03

A medical student was shown models of embryos of various developemental ages.

If he has to identify an embryo of 28 days which ten external features will he look
3 for? 05

A young girl who became pregnants for the first time was advised to have a regular
antenatal check. Name any six clinical techniques available in a fully equipped
hospital for this patient for assessment of growth and well being of her developing
4 baby. Which clinical technique is done in routine and what are its advantages? 03, 0.5, 1.5

Name all flexors of elbow joint and the nerves supplying them. If the nerves to the
chief flexors is injured in a patient, which part of his upper limb will have sensory
5 loss? 03, 02

a) Write anatomical features and functions of palmar aponeurosis. 04

b) What is Dupuytren’s contracture? 01
6

a) Write the origin and course of profunda femoris artery (deep artery of thigh).
b) Name its branches. Which of these branches is the main source of blood supply 03
7 to the head and neck of femur?
02

Medical students were being demonstrated ankle (jerk) reflex. Which anatomical
struture is utilized to elicit this reflex? Write the formation and attachment of this
8 structure and the nerves put to test by this reflex. What is the result of ankle (jerk)
reflex if these nerves are injured? 05
 Write an account of lymph drainage of right lung till final destination. 05
9

--- UHS-I /11 – A / 1(S) – (xx-xx-11) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated xx-xx-xxxx)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

a) In a tabulated form classify synvial joints according to the arrangement of

articular surfaces and quote one example of each from the limbs. 3.1
1 b) What is Hilton’s Law of nerve supply of joints? 1.5

a) Draw and label light microscopic picture of white adipose tissue stained with
heamatoxylin and eosin. 03
2 b) List any four functions of adipocytes. 02

a) What is deciduas? Mention its regional parts and their fate? 0.5, 03
b) List three functions of decidual cells. 1.5
3

a) A woman developed severe pelvic inflammation after her first delivery

conducted at her home. Later on she was unable to conceive. Clinical
examination confirmed occlusion of both uterine tubes.
i) Which clinical techniques can help her to became pregnant and why? 1.5
4 ii) What are the risks involved? 01
b) Write a brief account of events occuring in a zygote as it travels in the uterine 2.5
tube.

a) Draw and label diagrams of clavicle to show attachments muscles and

ligaments. 1.5, 1.5
b) What is the role of these muscles and ligaments after fracture of clavicle
5 occurs? Which is the weakest part of these muscles and ligaments after fracture
of clavicle occurs? Which is the weakest part of the clavicle? 01, 01

A young boy fell on the ground and fractured medial epicondyle of his right arm. He
did not get treatment and later developed claw hand deformity.
a) Which nerve has been injured in this fracture? 01
6 b) Write the origin and course of this nerve in the forearm. 01, 0.5
c) Which muscles are responsible for his claw hand deformity? 1.5

a) Write the arterial supply of knee joint. (Support your answer with a relevant
diagram). 2.5, 01
7 b) Which of these arteries will supply intra-articular structures of knee joint and
how will it reach them? What is the clinical importance of this profuse arterial
supply? 0.5, 0.5, 0.5
 a) Name the ligaments located deep to gluteus maximums and mention their
attachments. 01, 02
b) List the nerves and vessels passing through the greater sciatic foramen into the
8
gluteal region. 02

a) Write the origin and course of left coronary artery and its branches. 0.5, 01, 2.5
b) Which areas of heart will undergo ischemic changes in sudden occlusion of the
9 artery lying in posterior inter-ventricular groove? 01

--- UHS-I /10 – A / 1(S) – (xx-xx-10) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated xx-xx-xxxx)
(Annual)
 MBBS FIRST PROFESSIONAL
Anatomy (Including Histology)
(Short Essay Questions)
Roll No. __________

Max. Marks: 45
Time Allowed: 2 hours & 15 minutes

Attempt ALL Questions

Define the terms “Coronal Plane Joint”, “Bicipital Muscle”, Mechanoreceptors and
1 Apocrine Glands 05

Write the microscopic features and functions of perichondirum. Name the

cartilages which have perichondirum. Why regeneration does not occur in articular
2 cartilage? 03, 01, 01

Define fertilization, Name the phases and results of fertilization. 1, 1.5, 1.5, 01
3

Name the various Trisomies of autosomes and mention the usual cause for the
chromosomal error. Which of these Trisomies most common? 1.5, 01, 01
4

Name two muscles of upper limb known as “Climbing Muscles”. Write their main
attachments and nerve supply. Name the contents of delto-pectoral groove? 1, 1.5, 1.5, 01
5

Define a dermatom, axial lines and write their clinical importance? Draw diagrams
showing dermatomes of forearm and hand. 01, 01, 01, 02
6

a) Write formation of femoral sheath and give the anatomical reason why
femoral nerve is not within the femoral sheath? 02, 01
7 b) Why femoral hemia is more liable to strangulation? 02

a) Write the origin, course & relations, mode of termination and branches of
posterior tibial artery. 01, 01, 01, 01
8 b) How posterior tibial pulse is palpated? 01

a) Define pericardium and name its layers with their nerve supply. What is
pericardial cavity? 0.5, 03, 0.5
9 b) Which nerves are involved in transmission of pain from heart and pain of
pericarditis? 01

--- UHS-I /09 – A / 1(S) – (xx-xx-09) ---

(compiled by Fraz Mallick, dated xx-xx-xxxx)
 MBBS PANORAMA

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