AIP ENR 1.

3-1
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN WEF 23 JUN 16

ENR 1.3 INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES

2.1.2 An IFR flight operating in cruising flight in

1. Rules applicable to all IFR flights controlled airspace shall be flown at a cruising level,
or, if authorized to employ cruise climb techniques,
between two levels or above a level, selected from a
1.1 Aircraft equipment modified table of cruising levels, in accordance with
Appendix 3 of Annex 2 for flight above FL 410 which
Aircraft shall be equipped with suitable instruments is contained in AIP subsection ENR 1.7,Except those
and with navigation equipment appropriate to the route which are prescribed in air traffic control clearances, in
to be flown. which case the phrase " Non-Standard" shall be used
before the cleared level (e.g. CIMB TO NON-
STANDARD FLIGHT LEVEL ONE NINE ZERO)
1.2 Minimum levels

Except when necessary for take-off or landing or when 2.2 Visual approach within controlled airspaces
specifically authorized by the appropriate authority, an
IFR flight shall be flown at a level that is not below the Visual approach is an approach by an IFR flight when
minimum flight level established by the State whose either part or all of an instrument approach procedure
territory is overflown, or, where no such minimum is not completed and the approach is executed in visual
flight level has been established at a level which is at reference to terrain.
least 2500 FT above the highest obstacle located within
8 km of the estimated position of the aircraft. Recommendation- This type of approach may be
hazardous and careful consideration should be given
Note.- The estimated position of the aircraft will take by pilots before flying a visual approach in preference
account of the navigational accuracy which can be to an instrument approach.
achieved on the relevant route segment, having regard
to the navigational facilities available on the ground
and in the aircraft. 2.2.1 A Controlled IFR flight may be cleared to
execute a visual approach after commencing the
instrument approach procedure (from the initial
1.3 Change from IFR flight to VFR flight approach fix or where applicable, from the beginning
of a defined arrival route (STAR)), provided that:
1.3.1 An aircraft electing to change the conduct of
its flight from compliance with the instrument flight a) The reported weather at aerodrome has a
rules to compliance with the visual flight rules shall, if ceiling above the level of the beginning of the
a flight plan was submitted, notify the appropriate air initial approach segment for the aircraft so
traffic services unit specifically that the IFR flight is cleared;
cancelled and communicate thereto the changes to be
made to its current flight plan. b) The reported ground visibility is 3000 meters
or more and;
1.3.2 When an aircraft operating under the
instrument flight rules is flown in or encounters visual c) The pilot can maintain visual reference to the
meteorological conditions, it shall not cancel its IFR terrain and ensures that the meteorological
flight unless it is anticipated, and intended, that the conditions are such that with reasonable
flight will be continued for a reasonable period of time assurance a visual approach and landing can
in uninterrupted visual meteorological conditions. be completed.

Note1- A request for Visual Approach implies that the

2. Rules applicable to IFR flights pilot can maintain visual reference to the terrain and
within controlled airspace landing can be completed so it is not necessary for the
controller to verify it.
2.1 Cruising levels
Note2- Execution of a visual approach to
2.1.1 IFR flights shall comply with the provisions uncontrolled aerodrome which is located within a
of 3.6 of ICAO Annex 2 to the Convention on CTR is under the condition of controlled flights.
International Civil Aviation when operated in
controlled airspace.
2.2.2 Clearance for an IFR flight to execute a visual
approach may be requested by a flight crew or initiated

CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION AIRAC AMDT 3/16

ENR 1.3-2 AIP
WEF 23 JUN 16 ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

by the controller. In the latter case, the concurrence of with the ATC unit which serves the destination
the flight crew shall be required. aerodrome before commencing visual approach.

2.2.3 Controller should take into consideration Note. Authorization to conduct a visual approach is an
the weather condition when it is expected that the IFR authorization and does not alter IFR flight plan
ground visibility may become less than 3000 meters, cancellation responsibility.
before clearing or initiating a visual approach.
2.3 Visual departure within controlled
2.2.4 Controllers shall exercise caution in airspace
initiating a visual approach when there is reason to
believe that the flight crew concerned is not familiar
with the aerodrome and its surrounding terrain. 2.3.1 A visual departure is a departure by an IFR
Controllers should also take into consideration the flight when either part or all of an instrument departure
prevailing traffic when initiating visual approaches. procedure (e.g. standard instrument departure [SID]) is
not completed or when there is no navigation AIDs
2.2.5 Separation shall be provided between an available to serve the aircraft at the departure
aircraft cleared to execute a visual approach and other aerodrome and the departure is executed in visual
IFR and /or Special VFR aircraft. reference to terrain.

2.2.6 For successive visual approaches, radar or

2.3.2 When traffic conditions permit and pilot
non-radar separation shall be maintained until the pilot
confirms that can maintain visual reference to the
of a succeeding aircraft reports having the preceding
terrain, before or after departure, an IFR flight may be
aircraft in sight. The aircraft shall then be instructed to cleared to execute a visual departure in accordance
follow and maintain own separation from the preceding
with the following conditions:
aircraft. When both aircraft are of a heavy wake
turbulence category, or the preceding aircraft is of a
a. Requested by pilot;
heavier wake turbulence category than the following,
Note. A request for Visual Departure implies that
and the distance between the aircraft is less than the the pilot can maintain visual reference to the
appropriate wake turbulence minimum, the controller terrain so it is not necessary for the controller to
shall issue a caution of possible wake turbulence. The
verify it.
pilot-in-command of the aircraft concerned shall be
responsible for ensuring that the spacing from a
b. During daylight;
preceding aircraft of a heavier wake turbulence
category is acceptable. If it is determined that c. In controlled aerodromes the meteorological
additional spacing is required, the flight crew shall conditions in the direction of take-off and the
inform the ATC unit accordingly, stating their
following climb-out shall not impair the procedure
requirement.
up to minimum sector altitude (MSA) or ATC
surveillance minimum altitude chart (ASMAC)
when radar services are provided. ATC shall issue
2.2.7 A visual approach is not an IAP and an initial altitude clearance that is above the MSA
therefore has no missed approach segment, If a go or ASMAC.
around is necessary for any reason under the reported
ground visibility condition of less than 5 KM, aircraft
d. The pilot shall be responsible for maintaining
operating at controlled airports will be issued an
obstacle clearance until minimum level of the
appropriate clearance/instruction by the air traffic designated route;
controller to join the initial approach fix of the
approach procedure which had already been cleared or
e. For a controlled IFR flight, it is an
any other fixes as appropriate.
authorization to execute a "visual departure" to the
minimum level of a designated route or any level
2.2.8 In case of a go-around of a flight executing a
which is specified by the controller.
visual approach under the reported ground visibility
condition of 5 KM or more, it may be cleared by air f. ATC shall be responsible to provide
traffic controller to join the aerodrome traffic circuit or
Separation between controlled flights cleared to
may receive the ATC clearance/ instructions to join the
execute a visual departure and other controlled
initial approach fix of the approach procedure which
departing and arriving aircraft.
had already been cleared or any other fixes as
appropriate. Note. It is evident that aerodrome control tower shall
coordinate with approach control unit if any.
2.2.9 For controlled aerodromes with only ATZ,
an IFR flights executing Instrument Approach
Appropriate phraseologies to be used are as
procedures is not considered as controlled flight while
follows:
flying within that portion of procedure located outside
"*REQUEST VISUAL DEPARTURE"
controlled airspace so when the flight intends to "VISUAL DEPARTURE APPROVED, TURN
execute a visual approach, shall consider the condition
LEFT/RIGHT [DIRECT] TO (significant point,
of visual approach in class G airspace and coordinate
AIRAC AMDT 3/16 CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION
AIP ENR 1.3-3
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN WEF 5 JAN 17

waypoint)/ (establish ATS route) MAINTAIN visual approach and landing, and reasonable
VISUAL REFERENCE to the TERRAIN" assurance exists that this can be accomplished.
"* VISUAL DEPARTURE, TURN LEFT/RIGHT c. For the purpose of providing traffic
[DIRECT] TO (significant point, waypoint)/ information and alerting services, the pilot of
(establish ATS route) WITH VISUAL the aircraft that are intended to execute a
REFERENCE TO THE TERRAIN" visual approach shall inform the aerodrome
*Denotes pilot transmission flight information service officers (AFISo) of
the intention, the position of the flight, and the
flight path to be followed, before commencing
3. Rules applicable to IFR flights the Visual Approach.
outside controlled airspace d. The AFIS unit is not an air traffic control unit
therefore no separation shall be provided by
3.1 Cruising levels that unit; (so) it is the responsibility of pilots
An IFR flight operating in level cruising flight outside using the service provided by this unit to
of controlled airspace shall be flown at a cruising level maintain proper separation in conformity with
appropriate to its track as specified in the modified the rules of the air.
tables of cruising levels in Appendix 3 of ICAO Annex
2 which is contained in AIP subsection ENR 1.7.
3.5.2 The final responsibility to approve the
Note. - This provision does not preclude the use of execution of a visual approach in class "G" airspace
cruise climb techniques by aircraft in supersonic flight. lies with aircraft operators themselves. To do so the
aircraft operator shall consider all equipment,
3.2 Communications procedures and training required for such operations,
An IFR flight operating outside controlled airspace but route and/or area of operation and aerodrome
within or into areas, or along routes, shall maintain a information and full account shall be taken of:
listening watch on the appropriate radio frequency and
establish two-way communication, as necessary, with a) The type, performance and handling
the air traffic services unit providing flight information characteristics of the aircraft;
service. b) The composition of the flight crew, their
competence and experience;
3.3 Position reports c) The dimensions and characteristics of the
An IFR flight operating outside controlled airspace runways which may be selected for use;
shall maintain a listening watch on the appropriate d) The adequacy and performance of the available
radio frequency and establish two-way communication, visual and non-visual ground aids;
as necessary, with the air traffic services unit providing e) The equipment available on the aircraft for the
flight information service and report position as purpose of navigation, acquisition of visual
specified in 3.6.3 of ICAO Annex 2 for controlled references and/or control of the flight path during
flights. the approach, landing and the missed approach;
f) The obstacles in the approach and missed
3.4 When STAR and/or instrument approach approach areas;
Procedures located wholly or in part beyond controlled g) The means used to determine and report
airspaces ( CTR, TMA, etc.), an IFR flight executing meteorological conditions;
instrument approach, is not considered as a controlled h) Meteorological conditions at the estimated time
flight while flying within that portion of the procedure of use will be above the operator’s established
located outside the controlled airspace. aerodrome operating minima for that operation;
i) Procedures for normal, abnormal and emergency
3.5 Visual Approach in Class G Airspace operations, including actions following engine,
(visual arrival) systems or equipment failures.

Note. Execution of Visual Approach in class G 3.5.3 A visual approach is not an IAP and therefore
airspace is actually a Visual Arrival maneuver by an has no missed approach segment. If a go around is
IFR flight under the specified conditions and shall not necessary for any reason, aircraft operating at
be considered as the same as the Visual Approach uncontrolled airports, are expected to remain clear of
procedures in controlled airspaces. clouds and complete a landing as soon as possible or to
join the initial approach fix of the approach procedure
3.5.1 Outside controlled airspace, IFR flights in which had already been cleared or any other fixes as
receipt of any of the FIS is authorized to conduct a appropriate. In each case pilot shall inform the
Visual Approach under the following conditions: aerodrome ATS unit of the intended action.
a. Requested by pilot;
b. The pilot reports at any time after
commencing the instrument approach
procedure that the visibility will permit a

CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION AIRAC AMDT 1/17

ENR 1.3-4 AIP
WEF 23 JUN 16 ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

3.5.4 In order that pilots may readily identify the 3.6.2 When traffic conditions permit and pilot
status of the service they are receiving, the call sign confirms that can maintain visual reference to the
"AERODROME INFORMATION" following the terrain, before or after departure, an IFR flight may be
name of the aerodrome should be used In aeronautical cleared to execute a visual departure in accordance
mobile communications to identify a unit providing with the following conditions:
AFIS, e.g. ZZZZ AERODROME INFORMATION,
This will avoid any possible confusion with a unit a. Requested by pilot;
providing aerodrome control service which is identified
by the call sign "TOWER". The word "aerodrome" b. During daylight;
may be deleted after initial contact has been
established. If at any time it is apparent that the pilot is c. The pilot shall be responsible for maintaining
not aware that aerodrome control service is not obstacle clearance until minimum level of the
provided, the pilot should immediately be informed of designated route;
the fact using the following phraseology:
"AERODROME INFORMATION SERVICE." d. In uncontrolled aerodromes visual departure is
authorized only when the reported ground
visibility is 3000 meters or more.

3.6 Visual departure within uncontrolled airspace e. For an uncontrolled IFR flights it is an
authorization to execute a "visual departure" to the
3.6.1 A visual departure is a departure by an IFR minimum level of a designated route.
flight when either part or all of an instrument departure Appropriate phraseologies to be used are as
procedure (e.g. standard instrument departure [SID]) is follows:
not completed or when there is no navigation AIDs *"REQUEST VISUAL DEPARTURE"
available to serve the aircraft at the departure "VISUAL DEPARTURE APPROVED WITH
aerodrome and the departure is executed in visual VISUAL REFERENCE TO THE TERRAIN"
reference to terrain. "* VISUAL DEPARTURE WITH VISUAL
REFERENCE TO THE TERRAIN"
*Denotes pilot transmission

AIRAC AMDT 3/16 CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION