LESSON 1 – (LO1) USE OF HAND  __________ Is a peripheral device used to load

an operating system or any application in order

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT to install or reformat a desktop or notebook
PROPER TOOLS SELECTION computer.
A __________ is a piece of equipment that is
designed to help with a specific task.  __________ Is an external data storage you use
for sorting and retrieving (or backing-up) digital
HAND TOOLS USED FOR TESTING AND information. This device usually connects to a
REPAIRING HARDWARE PROBLEMS computer system’s USB slot using a standard
 __________ Is a tool for driving or turning cable.
screws or bolts to hold parts together or to affect
adjustments in hardware or drive systems. TOOLS USED FOR NETWROK
 It has 6 basic parts: TROUBLESHOOTING
o __________
o __________  __________ Assists users in the
o __________ installations and control of networks. It is
o __________ normally being used by technical service
o __________ professionals and network administrations.
o __________  __________ Is basically an RJ-45 or RJ-11
 Assorted Screwdriver cable pinching tool that curls the little wires
o __________ inside so they attach to the connector head.
o __________ The crimping tool is used on both computer
network and landline telephone cables.
o __________
o __________
 __________ Is sometimes called thermal
o __________
gel, thermal grease, thermal compound or
heat paste, is a type of thermally conductive
 __________ Has a very short blade and handle. adhesive. The compounds used are effective
It is available in all types of slot such as heat conductors such as zinc oxide, silicon,
Robertson, Phillips and slotted tip. and the more costly silver or ceramic.
 __________ By definition, is a gripping hand
tool that is used much like tweezers for twisting  __________ Uses a cleaning agent, such as
wires and grasping little objects like bolts and
alcohol. That’s mixed with compressed air
screws. that exits a thin nozzle when used to
dislodge dust particles and other debris
 __________ Is a grounding tool used to prevent sticking to the electrical parts of a device.
electrical/static shocks when working on the
insides of a computer. It’s usually clipped to the Kinds of Ethernet Cabling
casing with the other end of the wire attached to  __________
a band that’s worn on the wrist.
Side One Side Two
 __________ Is a hand tool used with soldering
leas wherein heat is supplied to melt the solder White Green White Green
used to connect two conductive work pieces. Green Green

 __________ Is a tool for removing particles of White Orange White Orange

dust from your electronic devices, such as
Blue Blue
camera, laptops, etc.
White Blue White Blue
 __________ Is used on the Random Access
Orange Orange
Memory (RAM) conductor to eliminate foreign
that would likely stick on the surface. White Brown White Brown

 __________ Is used in general or utility cutting Brown Brown

purpose.
 __________
 __________ Is used to clean and remove Side One Side Two
accumulated dust on heat sinks, fans, the power
supply and other parts. White Orange White Green
 7. White Brown
8. Brown
Orange Green
STEP 3: __________
White Green White Orange
Once the wire is arranged to the 568B
Blue Blue scheme, it needs to be cut down to fit in the
connector. This is easily done with the cutting
White Blue White Blue tool on the 3-in-1 crimping tool. Bring the wires
tighter together and cut them down, in an even
Green Orange
line, to ½” (inch) from the cut of the sheathing.
White Brown White Brown
STEP 4: __________
Brown Brown The wires should be inserted until the
sheathing is inside the connector, just
beyond the crimp portion of the connector.
Network Connection
See the image below for proper insertion.
 Straight Through
NOTE:
o Switch > __________
Make sure that each of the wires is pushed in all
o Switch > __________ the way into the connector. The wires should be
o Switch >__________ easily visible looking into the end of the
o Hub > __________ connector. Improper insertion may result in
o Hub > __________ improper crimping of the pins to the wire.
 Crossover
o Switch > __________ WRONG WAY
o Switch > __________ - Note how the blue plastic sleeve is not
inside the connector where it can be locked
o Hub > __________
into place. The wires are too long. The wires
o Router > __________
should extend only 1/2 inch from the blue
o Router > __________
cut sleeve.
o PC > __________ - Note how the wires do not go all the way to
the end of the connector.

Steps in Ethernet Cabling STEP 5: __________

 STEP 1: __________ If the pins are all crimped down, give
After cutting the cable to proper length, the connector a slight tug to make sure that it
the first step is to unsheathe the cable. is securely attached to the wire.
Using the stripper on your crimping Then you can check the pin connection
tool,strip the cable back 1” (inch) from the by using network tester.
end. Insert the cable into the stripper
Checking the Ethernet Cabling Using
portion of the crimping tool and squeeze it
Network Tester
tight. While squeezed,rotate the crimp tool
Straight Through
around the cable a full 360°. Pull away and
1 1
the sheathing will come off.
NOTE: 2 2
Do not cut the twisted pair wires under
the outer sheathe. This may result in a 3 3
decrease in or no data transfer
4 4
 STEP 2: __________ 5 5
After stripping the wire, the next step is
to untwist the smaller wires and arrange 6 6
them into the proper wiring scheme for the
7 7
RJ-45 connector. The recommended
scheme for the wiring is 568B. The scheme 8 8
is as follows:
1. White Orange Crossover
2. Orange 1 3
3. White Green 2 6
4. Blue
5. White Blue 3 1
6. Green
 4 4 Other solvents may be bad for the plastics used
with your computer.
5 5 • __________ - Sucking the dust, dirt, hair,
6 2 cigarette particles, and other particles out of a
computer can be one of the best methods of
7 7 cleaning a computer. However, do not use a
vacuum that plugs into the wall since it creates
8 8
lots of static electricity that can damage your
computer.
LESSON 1: (LO2) INSPECT HAND • __________ - moistened with rubbing alcohol
or water are excellent tools for wiping hard to
TOOLS AND EQUIPENT reach areas in your keyboard, mouse, and other
RECEIVED locations.
PROPER USE OF HAND TOOLS
• __________ - Whenever possible, it is better to
What tool is the most misused and abused tool
use lint-free swabs such as foam swabs.
in the workplace? (__________ )
.
What tool can we used to grab small wires?
(__________ ) LESSON 2: (LO1) USE AND
MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS,
Remember a time, walking on carpeted floor and
then MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
touching a metal door knob, TV, or a AND EQUIPMENT.
sibling/friend.  Do you recall getting a zap? 
CONTROLLING HAZARD
That is __________
__________ is any source of potential damage, harm or
adverse health effects on something or someone
Humans can't feel a static shock
__________ __________ but it takes
Condition of Tools
__________ to damage a sensitive
The first step in preventing injuries while
computer component, such as a stick of
working with tools is to always maintain hand
RAM or a processor
tools is to always maintain hand tools, power
tools, and other similar equipment in safe
working condition.
PROPER USE OF CLEANING MATERIALS
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for
Why You Should Clean Your Computers
proper maintenance procedures for the specific
 __________
tools you use.
 __________
 __________ When to use Guards
Guards must be used with any power tool
What is the most germ infected items in your home designed to accommodate machine guards.
or office? (__________ ) Examples of moving parts that must be guarded
(if they are exposed to contact by participants or
could create a hazard) include: belts, shafts,
pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, fly wheels,
and chains. Never remove or bypass guards
when using tools. They are there for your safety.
CLEANING MATERIALS
• __________ - is the best tool used when __________
rubbing down computer components. Paper The exposed moving parts of power tools need
towels can be used with most hardware, but we to be safeguarded.
always recommend using a cloth whenever Belts, gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles,
possible. However, only use a cloth when drums, flywheels, chains, or other reciprocating,
cleaning components such as the case, a drive, rotating, or moving parts of equipment must be
mouse, and keyboard. You should not use a guarded.
cloth to clean any circuitry such as
the RAM or motherboard. Machine guards, as appropriate, must be
• __________ __________ - When moistening a provided to protect the operator and others from
cloth, it is best to use water or rubbing alcohol. the following:
• __________ protective equipment may include gloves, safety
• __________ glasses and
• __________
• __________
shoes, earplugs (or muffs), hard hats, respirators,
Safety guards must never be removed when a or coveralls, vests, and full body suits. Their use
tool is being used. depends on the tool involved and the context of
work.

Types of Guarding Safety Signs

 __________ Permanently attached to the COLORS
machine or tool, don’t have any moving  RED
parts, and can’t be moved while the machine  YELLOW
is in use.  GREEN
 They’re most often used to enclose the point  BLUE
of operation, or other hazards that the SHAPES
operator doesn’t need to interact with, like
fan blades or flywheels.

 __________ Also known as barrier guards,

automatically shut off or disengage the
power source when the guard is open or
removed.
 These are particularly useful in situations __________
where operators need to be able to open the Examples: Stop, No Entry, No Smoking
guard or access the guarded parts of the • These have a red circle with a cross bar on white
machine, such as when clearing jams. These background. Any lettering is black.
guards allow safe access to interior parts of • Meaning: DO NOT. YOU MUST NOT. STOP
the machine without requiring a total IT IF YOU ARE.
disassembly. 

 __________ Like fixed guards, are

permanent, but they can be adjusted to allow
the machine to handle different sizes of
material.
 They must be manually adjusted and locked
into place.

 __________ Serve the same purpose as

adjustable guards, but automatically adapt to
the size of the material.
 When the machine is at rest, these guards sit
all the way down. When the machine is in
use, the operator feeds material into the
machine, which opens the guard just enough
to let the material in. __________
Examples: Hard Hats must be worn, Keep
__________ is commonly referred to as “PPE”, locked shut
worn to lessen exposure to serious injuries. • These have a solid blue with a white symbol
These exposures may come from contact with and/or lettering.
chemical, physical, electrical, mechanical or • Meaning: YOU MUST DO. OBEY.
other hazards present when using tools. Personal
 __________
Examples: Danger, High Voltage, Asbestos,
Work Overhead
• These have a solid yellow triangle (point up)
with a black border. Any symbol or lettering is
also black on yellow.
• Meaning: YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED, BE Safety Guards
CAREFUL, BE AWARE. The power tools you work with can contain
reciprocating, rotating or other moving parts.
Safety guards are used as a means of preventing
your hand or other body parts from coming in
contact with these hazardous areas.

HAND TOOLS SAFETY PRECAUTION

 __________
o You must habve a good system in
place fir examining the conditions
of hand tools to determine if they
are of good quality and free from
defect. In some cases, if damaged
parts cannot be repaired, the tool
must be rejected and returned right
__________
away to where you bought it
Examples: Fire Exit, First Aid
provided that is still under warranty.
• These have a solid green square or oblong.
o Regular inspection of hand tools
White symbol or symbol and text.
must be performed before use.
• Meaning: FOLLOW THIS SIGN TO REACH
Cleanliness of tools must be
SAFETY.
prioritized as well.

 __________
o Hand tools are selected depending
on the nature of the job. You have to
remember that the handle of a tool
must fit the user’s hand snugly to
__________ keep the tool from slipping out from
Examples: Fire Alarm, Hydrant, and the hand.
Extinguisher. o Hand tools must be used according
• These have a solid red rectangle with white to their purpose. The strength of the
symbols and/or lettering. material of the tool is designed
• Meaning: HERE IS THE FIRE EQUIPMENT. based on the nature of work to be
done.
 __________
o Hand tools must be stored safely in
an orderly manner in a tool box
when not in use.
 o Hand tools that need repair must be designed for measuring extensive lengths
properly labeled with a warning and can be carried in the pocket or in toolkit.
notice. To measure the length of an item accurately,
o Regular assessment, repair, and hold the tape tight and support it to prevent
maintenance of tools must be sagging and rewinding.
performed only by a competent and  To prevent the tape from snapping when
experienced person. pulled tight, keep it loop-free. Your tape
measure should be free from foreign
 __________ particles that may scratched the enameled
o Special measures must be surface.
implemented to prevent others to
prevent other from getting into work  __________ A metal working tool usually
area where tool work is being done. used for marking and measuring 90-degree
o Before the work starts, items to be angles and testing if edges and corners are
worked on must be double-checked square. The wooden part should be kept dry.
for protruding metal parts that may A metal part is fixed against the wood at 90
cause damage to the tools and injury degrees.
to the tool handler.  The metal part should be kept clean and free
o Operation of hand tools must be of rust.
done in the correct posture and with
the appropriate strength.  __________ A tool used to measure angles,
o You must follow the proper steps determine flatness, pinpoint the center of a
and procedures when operating a circular bar, and measure angles like a
hand tool. protractor,
o Avoid playing with hand tools.  Like the try square, the combination square
should also be kept clean and free of rust.
MEASURING INSTRUMENT
__________  __________ Sometimes called a bevel
Provides a standard f or everyday things and gauge, is used to set angles. It is commonly
processes. From weight, temperature, length used for setting odd angles and for testing
even time is a measurement and it does play a bevel cuts and miters.
very important role in our lives.  The sliding bevel should be kept clean and
its thumbscrew should also be lightly oiled
Common Measuring Instruments to keep the moving parts in operating orders.
 __________ A precise and simple device
that is used to measure and mark actual sizes  __________ Considered as one of the
in benchwork and in setting up a machine. It oldest and most basic hand tool commonly
comes in different sizes and formats. used to create straight line between two
Maximum accurateness can be achieved reference points. It has nylon line coiled on
when used with a sharp marking knife or a timber or plastic rod. String lines come in
pencil. various lengths (50 or 100m).
 A steel rule should be kept clean and  For maintenance purposes, keep the string
protected from damage. free of knots. Rewind it onto the rod when
not in use. Continuous use may cause the
 __________ Sometimes called a “zigzag” it first section of the line to deteriorate, so it is
is made lights strips of wood held together advisable to cut of the bad end if necessary.
by pins or nails so that it can be folded. All
the parallel when folded.
 Since a folding rule is made up of wood,
itcan be broken easily. Careful cleaning and POWER TOOLS
lubrication of hinges should be performed __________ must be fitted with guards and
regularly. safety switches; they are extremely hazardous
when used improperly.
__________
 A flexible ribbon of cloth, plastic, fiberglass The types of power tools are determined by their
or metal strip divided into millimeter, power source:
centimeter and meter units. The common  __________
lengths are five and eight meters. It is  __________
  __________ included in the motherboard but
 __________ you may add additional ones for
 __________ faster processing.

__________ shall be kept as clean and dry as c. __________ is where your files are
possible to prevent accidental slips with or permanently stored.
around dangerous hand tools. d. __________ is/are drive(s) that can
either read or write and use special
software to allow users to use their
Common Power Tools function.
 __________ Commonly used in do-it-
yourself jobs like drilling holes or fastening  __________ Is like a TV set that allows you
different materials together. to see how the computer responds to the
instructions given.
 __________ Considered as one of the
important power tools in every household  __________ is where you enter text
that is best used in working with wood, commands into the computer.
concrete, plastic and metal.
 __________ is another input device that
 __________ Commonly known as a rotary uses point and click.
hammer, a roto-drill or a hammering drill;
works by bringing a speedy series of blows COMPUTER MEMORY AND PROCESSOR
for drilling into masonry or rock. __________
 __________ A power tool used to smooth  Is a very high speed semiconductor-type
wooden surfaces and metal objects using memory which can speed up a CPU from its
rotary sandpaper. normal speed.
 __________ A tool that uses compressed  ADVANTAGES:
air to push nails (pneumatic) into wood or o Faster than the main memory
any other kind of material. o Compared to the main memory, it
 __________ A machine used to operate any takes less access time
pneumatic tool. o Stores programs that can be
executed within a short period of
time
LESSON 3: (LO1) PERFORM
o Temporarily stores data
BASIC MENSURATION  DISADVANTAGES:
TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND OBJECTS TO BE o Has limited capacity
MEASURED o Very expensive
Computer are made of basic components:
1. __________  __________ works primarily on data and
a. __________ is also sometimes called a instructions that the computer is processing
power supply unit or PSU; supplies or the user is working on.
power to a computer.
 ADVANTAGES:
b. __________ is the heart of the
o Semiconductor memory
computer that supports the following:
o Known as main memory
i. __________ is the brain of the
o Volatile memory
computer that performs different
instructions and controls the o is released as available space when
operation of the computer. power is switched off
ii. __________ is a device that o Working memory of the computer
stores information to be o Faster than secondary memory
processed by the computer. o Computer cannot run without
iii. __________ control and link primary memory
the interface of your computer Sub-Categories:
system to your hard drive. In  __________ Is a type of data storage used
most cases, basic controllers are in computers that is generally located on the
motherboard. This type of memory is
volatile and all information that was stored
in RAM is lost when the computer is turned
off.
  __________ - Audio play program
 __________ – is used when the computer  _
starts to boot up or when you start pressing
the power button. Data Coding and Decoding
__________ of computer translates data into
electrical signals.

 __________ Is also called external Electrical signals are then translated into
memory. Slower than the main memory, it is universal format (0s,1s), this is known as
used in keeping data and information __________ .
permanently.
 CHARACTERISTICS: After processing, output devices transform back
o Magnetic and optical memories data into their original form, this is known as
__________ .
o Also known as backup memory
Bit Pattern
o Non-volatile
A bit is the __________ that the computer deals
o Computer can run without the
with.
secondary memory
 BENEFITS: It can take two values (__________ ).
o Capacity
o Reliability A two-state electrical switch (transistor) is used
o Convenience to represent a bit (on state →1, off state →0).
o Cost
To store 16 bits you need 16 switches, to store
Common Types: million bits you need million switches.
 __________ – often referred to as diskettes.
They are very easy to use and portable. A In computer memory, data are stored as
floppy drive is used to access the floppy __________ (bit-patterns) , the length of bit-
disk. patterns is the number of bits in the bit-patterns.
 __________ – Are different from floppy
disk because they are designed to store a A bit-pattern of 8 bits length is called a
very large volume data. __________
 __________ – a storage device that holds
digital data and is read using a laser
assembly. Positional Number Coding
 ____________________ – are also known  The binary system is also called the
as disconnected or removable storage __________ (101100.011)
devices that are not under the control of the  Our decimal system is the __________ . It
processing unit uses powers of 10 for each position in a
number. (975.3)
COMPUTER PROCESSOR
The binary number 11001 in powers of 2 is:
INPU PROCES OUTPUT 124+123+022+021+120
=

T S When the base or radix of a number is

__________ – Microprocessor accepts input, something other than 10, the base is denoted by
processes it according to the instructions stored a subscript.
in the memory and later on produces output. 110012 = 2510
Decimal to Binary Conversion
Step 1: DIVIDE
LESSON 3: (LO2) CARRY OUT
Write the integer answer (quotient) after he
MENSURATION AND equal sign, and write the remainder (0 or 1) to
CALCULATION the right of the dividend.
Since we are dividing by 2, when the dividend is
DIGITAL REPRESENTATION
even the binary remainder will be 0, and when
Data Types
the dividend is odd the binary remainder will be
 __________ - Word processing programs
1.
 __________ - Engineering programs
Step 2: Continue to divide until you reach
 __________ - Image processing programs 0
 Continue downwards, dividing each new terabytes (TB)
quotient by two and writing the remainders to
the right of each dividend. Stop when the  __________ is the smallest unit of data
quotient is 0 represented by a single digital 1 or 0. It is
Step 3: Write out the new, binary also the fundamental unit of the binary
number system.
Starting with the bottom remainder, read the  __________ is a unit for data composed of
sequence of remainders upwards to the top. 8 bits. In recent architectures, a byte is
considered as the minimal addressable
Example: sequence of a fixed number of bits.
1. 9 = 10012  __________ is a unit of data which is equal
2. 27 = 110112 to 1,000,000 bytes. It is the most commonly
3. 100 = 11001002 used unit in telecommunication, networking
4. 112 = 11100002 and computer technology among others.
 __________ is a unit for large fata which is
1. 12.5 = 1100.1 equal to 1,000 MB or 1,000,000,000 bytes.
2. 27.375 = 11011.011 In modern information technology, digital
3. 55.8125 = 110111.1101 and computer science, a gigabyte is equal to
4. 88.0625 =1011000.0001 1,073,741,824 bytes.
 __________ is a unit of data which is
already used in storage devices available to
Binary Arithmetic
the genral public.
__________ is essential part of all the digital
computers and many other digital system.

 Binary Addition LESSON 4: (LO1) IDENTIFY

RULES DIFFERENT KINDS OF
0+0=0
0+1=1 TECHNICAL DRAWING
1+0=1 BASIC SYMBOLS
1 + 1 = 0 carry 1 __________ - It is a picture (graphical
 Binary Multiplication representation) of the problem solving process.
RULES Also, it gives a step-by-step procedure for
0x0=0 solution of problem
0x1=0
1x0=0 You use a flowchart to:
1x1=1 • __________
 Binary Subtraction • __________
RULES • __________
0-0=0 • __________ .
0 - 1 = 1 with a borrow 1
1-0=1 Flowchart Symbols
1-1=0  __________
 Elongated Circle
DATA STORAGE  Signifies the start or end of a process.
Computer Data
__________ is the smallest representation of  __________
data, the most basic unit of digital storage is the  Rectangle
__________ .  Shows instruction or actions
A __________ is 8 bits and is the smallest unit
 __________
of measure (UOM) used to represent data
storage capacity.  Diamond
 Gives a decision of “yes” or “no”
When referring to storage space, we use the
terms  __________
bytes (B)  Parallelogram
kilobytes (KB)  Which cover such as materials, services, and
megabytes (MB) even individuals going into or exiting the
gigabytes (GB) process.
 __________
 Small circle
 Connects processes logically and correctly
over consecutive pages.

 __________
 Arrow Lines
 Indicate the sequence of steps and the
direction of flow.

Kinds of Flowchart
 __________
 __________

Concept/Guidelines: Drawing of a flowchart

 __________
 __________
 __________
Types of Flowchart
 __________
 __________
 __________
 __________