okyo

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This article is about the Japanese prefecture and its city. For other uses,
see Tokyo (disambiguation).

Tokyo

東京都

Metropolis

Tokyo Metropolis
Clockwise from top: Nishi-Shinjuku skyscrapers and Mount
Fuji, Rainbow Bridge, National Diet Building, Tokyo
Station, Shibuya Station, Tokyo Skytree

Flag

Symbol

Anthem: "Tokyo Metropolitan Song"

(東京都歌, Tōkyō-to Ka)

Location within Japan

Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap

Coordinates:  35°41′23″N 139°41′32″ECoordinates:  35°41′23″N 

139°41′32″E

Country Japan
Region Kantō
Island Honshu

Capital Tokyo[1]
Divisions 23 special wards, 26 cities, 1 district,
and 4 subprefectures

Government
 • Body Tokyo Metropolitan Government
 • Governor Yuriko Koike (TF)
 • Representatives 42
 • Councillors 11

Area
[2]

 • Total 2,194.07 km2 (847.14 sq mi)
Area rank 45th in Japan

Highest elevation 2,017 m (6,617 ft)

[3]

Lowest elevation 0 m (0 ft)

Population
 (2019)[4]
 • Total 13,929,280
 • Rank 1st in Japan
 • Density 6,349/km2 (16,440/sq mi)
  • Metro 37,468,000 (2018, Greater Tokyo Area)
[5]

Demonym(s) Tokyoite

GDP
 (2018)[6]
 • Total, nominal ¥106.6 trillion
(~US$1.0 trillion)
 • Per capita ¥7.7 million
(~US$70,000)

Time zone UTC+09:00 (Japan Standard Time)

ISO 3166-2 JP-13

Flower Yoshino cherry

Tree Ginkgo
Bird Black-headed gull

Website www.metro.tokyo.lg.jp

Tokyo

Tōkyō in kanji

Japanese name

Kanji 東京

Hiragana とうきょう

Katakana トウキョウ

Kyūjitai 東亰

showTranscriptions

Tokyo (/ˈtoʊkioʊ/ TOH-kee-oh, /-kjoʊ/ -kyoh; Japanese: 東京, Tōkyō [toːkʲoː] (
listen)), officially Tokyo Metropolis (東京都, Tōkyō-to), is the capital[7] and most
populous prefecture of Japan. Located at the head of Tokyo Bay, the prefecture
forms part of the Kantō region on the central Pacific coast of Japan's main
 island, Honshu. Tokyo is the political and economic center of the country, as well
as the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the national government. In 2019, the
prefecture had an estimated population of 13,929,280. [4] The Greater Tokyo Area is
the most populous metropolitan area in the world, with more than 37.393 million
residents as of 2020.[5]
Originally a fishing village named Edo, the city became a prominent political center
in 1603, when it became the seat of the Tokugawa shogunate. By the mid-18th
century, Edo was one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population
numbering more than one million. Following the end of the shogunate in 1868, the
imperial capital in Kyoto was moved to the city, which was renamed Tokyo (literally
"eastern capital"). Tokyo was devastated by the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, and
again by Allied bombing raids during World War II. Beginning in the 1950s, the city
underwent rapid reconstruction and expansion, going on to lead Japan's post-war
economic recovery. Since 1943, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government has
administered the prefecture's 23 special wards (formerly Tokyo City), various bed
towns in the western area, and two outlying island chains.
Tokyo is the largest urban economy in the world by gross domestic product, and is
categorized as an Alpha+ city by the Globalization and World Cities Research
Network. Part of an industrial region that includes the cities
of Yokohama, Kawasaki, and Chiba, Tokyo is Japan's leading center of business
and finance. In 2019, it hosted 36 of the Fortune Global 500 companies.[8] In 2020,
it ranked fourth on the Global Financial Centres Index, behind New York
City, London, and Shanghai.[9]
The city has hosted multiple international events, including the 1964 Summer
Olympics and three G7 Summits (1979, 1986, and 1993); it will also host the 2020
Summer Olympics, which were postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tokyo is an international center of research and development and is represented
by several major universities, notably the University of Tokyo. Tokyo Station is the
central hub for Japan's Shinkansen bullet train system, and the city is served by an
extensive network of rail and subways. Notable districts of Tokyo
include Chiyoda (the site of the Imperial Palace), Shinjuku (the city's administrative
center), and Shibuya (a commercial and business hub).

Contents

 1Etymology
 2History
o 2.1Pre-1869 (Edo period)
o 2.21869–1943
o 2.31943–present
 3Geography and government
o 3.1Special wards
o 3.2Tama Area (Western Tokyo)
o 3.3Islands
 o 3.4National parks
o 3.5Seismicity
o 3.6Climate
 4Cityscape
 5Environment
 6Demographics
 7Economy
 8Transportation
 9Education
 10Culture
 11Sports
 12In popular culture
 13International relations
o 13.1Sister cities, sister states, and friendship agreements
o 13.2International academic and scientific research
 14See also
 15References
 16Bibliography
 17Further reading
o 17.1Guides
o 17.2Contemporary
 18External links

Etymology[edit]
Tokyo was originally known as Edo (江戸), a kanji compound of 江 (e, "cove, inlet")
and 戸 (to, "entrance, gate, door").[10] The name, which can be translated as
"estuary", is a reference to the original settlement's location at the meeting of
the Sumida River and Tokyo Bay. During the Meiji Restoration in 1868, the name
of the city was changed to Tokyo (東京, from 東 tō "east", and 
京 kyō "capital") when it became the new imperial capital,[11] in line with the East
Asian tradition of including the word capital (京) in the name of the capital city
(like Kyoto (京都), Beijing (北京) and Nanjing (南京)).[10] During the early Meiji
period, the city was sometimes called "Tōkei", an alternative pronunciation for the
same characters representing "Tokyo", making it a kanji homograph. Some
surviving official English documents use the spelling "Tokei"; [12] however, this
pronunciation is now obsolete.[13]