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Chapter 4 DC To Ac INVERTERS

An inverter converts DC electricity from sources like batteries or solar panels to AC electricity used in homes and industry. There are different types of inverters classified by their input source, including voltage source inverters which produce AC voltage from a constant DC voltage source. Common applications of inverters include powering homes, uninterruptible power supplies, induction heating for manufacturing, and electric vehicles. Inverters use components like transistors and IGBTs with PWM control signals to efficiently convert DC to the required AC voltage and frequency.

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Alester Gabriel
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396 views57 pages

Chapter 4 DC To Ac INVERTERS

An inverter converts DC electricity from sources like batteries or solar panels to AC electricity used in homes and industry. There are different types of inverters classified by their input source, including voltage source inverters which produce AC voltage from a constant DC voltage source. Common applications of inverters include powering homes, uninterruptible power supplies, induction heating for manufacturing, and electric vehicles. Inverters use components like transistors and IGBTs with PWM control signals to efficiently convert DC to the required AC voltage and frequency.

Uploaded by

Alester Gabriel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AC

AC DC

DC
POWER
ELECTRONICS
DC to AC CONVERTER
(INVERTERS)
4.1 Know the principle operation of DC
to AC converter
4.1.1 Define the function of DC to AC converter.
4.1.2 Describe the application of DC to AC
converter in industry.
4.1.3 Define the switching devices used in DC to AC
converter such as BJT, MOSFET, IGBT, GTO.
4.1.4 Distinguish two types of DC to AC converters:
a. Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
b. Current Source Inverter (CSI)
4.2 Understand the principle
operation of DC to AC converter
4.2.3 Explain the principle operation of the followings
three-phase DC to AC converters with the aid of
relevant circuit by square wave switching scheme:
a. Three-phase bridge inverter with 120° firing
and resistive load.
b. Three-phase bridge inverter with 180° firing
and resistive load.
4.2.4 Review the expression of the output voltage for
DC to AC convertersin 4.2.2 and 4.2.3.
4.3 Apply the principle operation
of DC to AC converter
4.3.1 Sketch the waveforms in 4.2.2 and
4.2.3.

4.3.2 Calculate the value of output


voltage for DC to AC Converters in 4.2.2
and 4.2.3.
Inverter is an electrical device that
converts direct current (DC) to
alternating current (AC).

The converted AC can be at any


required voltage and frequency.
In other words, an inverter is to change
a dc input to a symmetrical ac output
voltage of desired magnitude and
frequency.

The output voltage can be fixed or


variable at a fixed or variable
frequency.
AC-DC-AC Conversion block diagram
DC power source utilization,
uninterruptible power supplies,
induction heating, HVDC
power transmission, variable
frequency drives and even in
the electric car
Industry Applications
Power Utilities
Control & protection
Circuit breaker power
Scada Communication
Railway & Metro
Control & protection
Emergency Lightning
Wireless Monitoring Systems
Oil & Gas
Fire & Gas detection systems
Emergency Shotdown
Heli-Deck Lightning
An inverter converts the DC electricity from sources such as batteries, solar
panels, or fuel cells to AC electricity
… has
Multiple CPU intelligent control
Uses IGBT power module and
PWM technology, advanced
microprocessor control
Unmanned function
Higher reliability
Standard anti-thunderbolt and
anti-static functions

is an electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load


when the input power source, typically mains power, fails.
Induction heating is a process
which is used to bond,
harden or soften metals or other
conductive materials.
For many modern manufacturing
processes, induction heating
offers an attractive combination
of speed, consistency and
control.
A DC to AC Converter using BJT
Single Phase Half Bridge DC to AC Converter

Back
to 41
A DC to AC Converter using MOSFET
Single Phase Half Bridge DC to AC Converter
A DC to AC Converter using GTO
Single Phase Full Bridge DC to AC Converter
A DC to AC Converter using IGBT
Three Phase Full Bridge DC to AC Converter
These inverters generally use PWM controlled signals
for producing an ac output voltage.
The inverters are classified into three types
according to the input source as follows:

i.Voltage source inverter


- if the input voltage remains constant
ii. Current source inverter
- if the input currents are maintained constant.
iii.Variable dc linked inverter
-if the input voltage is controllable.
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)

Back
to
page
42
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Voltage Source Inverter (VSI)
Single-phase half bridge inverter
with resistive load.
Principle Operation
The inverter circuit consists of two choppers.
When only Q1 is turned on for a time T/2,
the instantaneous voltage across
the load vo is Vdc. If Q2 only is turned on
for a time T/2 – T, -Vdc appears across the
load.
The control circuit should be designed such
that Q1 and Q2 are not turned on at the
same time.
Output Waveform
Single-phase half bridge inverter
with inductive load.
To
pag
e Refer to Slide 17
17
Single-phase full bridge inverter
with resistive and inductive load

To
pag Refer to Slide 30 - 32
e 30
4.1.8 Produce the expression of
the output voltage for DC to AC
converters in 4.1.6.
4.1.10 Determine the value of
output voltage for DC to AC
Converters in 4.1.6.
Example: The single-phase half bridge has a
resistive load of R=2.4Ω and the dc input voltage
Vdc= 24V. Determine the following:
a) The rms value of fundamental component,
b) The output power,
4.1.10 Determine the value of
output voltage for DC to AC
Converters in 4.1.6.
Example: The single-phase full bridge has a
resistive load of R= 2.4Ω supplied from dc
input voltage Vdc= 24V with switching
frequency of f=50Hz and displacement
angle of π/2.
Determine the following:
Three-phase bridge inverter wit
120° firing and resistive load.
Three-phase bridge inverter wit
120° firing and resistive load.
Values of line voltage and line (also phase)
current for 60o intervals are shown, from which
the waveforms are constructed.

The other two lines have identical values,


displaced mutually by 120o
Output Waveform
Output Waveform
Three-phase bridge inverter wit
180° firing and resistive load.
The conducting sequence is as follows
(each device conducts for a 180o period):
Output Waveform
180° CONDUCTION
LINE TO LINE VOLTAGES
180° CONDUCTION
LINE TO LINE VOLTAGES
Thank you!!!!

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